ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of antipsychotics on serum uric acid level in patients with schizophrenia， and to clarify the antioxidant properties of antipsychotics， so as to provide evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of schizophrenia. MethodsKeywords combined with free-text search strategies were used to retrieve English and Chinese databases including PubMed， Embase， Web of Science， Cochrane Library， CNKI， Wanfang Database， VIP database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. Randomized controlled trials related to the effects of antipsychotics on serum uric acid level in patients with schizophrenia were included. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. ResultsA total of 9 kinds of antipsychotics and 1 434 schizophrenia patients in 15 Chinese and English literatures were included. Meta-analysis showed that olanzapine （MD=14.01， 95% CI： 2.39~21.62， P<0.05） and chlorpromazine （MD=51.36， 95% CI： 42.15~60.57， P<0.05） increased the serum uric acid level in schizophrenia patients， while risperidone， aripiprazole， clozapine， haloperidol， quetiapine and ziprasidone had no significant effect on serum uric acid （P>0.05）. ConclusionThe effect of different kinds of antipsychotics on serum uric acid level in schizophrenia patients varies， among which olanzapine and chlorpromazine can elevate serum uric acid level in patients with schizophrenia， whereas no other antipsychotics have been found to have any effect on serum uric acid level.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy and diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid galactomannan test (BALF-GM) combined with serum GM test on invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). METHODS: 190 cases of BALF-GM and 4 787 cases of serum GM specimens suspected of fungal infection in patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled and analyzed. All patients were classified into clinically confirmed IPA, clinically diagnosed IPA, suspected IPA and excluded IPA according to the classification standard of Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary mycosis. The coincidence rate of BALF and serum GM test results with clinical diagnosis was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed, and the diagnostic value of BALF and serum GM test alone or in combination for IPA was evaluated. Subgroup analysis was performed in patients with normal or abnormal immune function, and the sensitivity and specificity of BALF and serum GM test were compared separately or jointly. RESULTS: The positive rate of BALF-GM was 46.8% (89/190), and 10.4% (497/4 787) on serum GM. Among them, 156 patients were both tested on BALF and serum GM. There were 44 cases with both positive in BALF and serum GM, the coincidence rate of clinical definite was 93.2% (41/44). There were 34 cases with positive BALF-GM and negative GM test in serum, and the coincidence rate of clinical definite was 64.7% (22/34). There were 56 cases positive in serum GM and negative in BALF-GM, and the coincidence rate of clinical definite was 48.2% (27/56). BALF and serum GM tests were both negative in 22 cases, and the coincidence rate of exclusion diagnosis was 90.9% (20/22). ROC curve analysis showed that the diagnostic value of BALF-GM test combined with serum GM test for IPA was better than that of BALF-GM test or serum GM test alone [area under ROC curve (AUC): 0.992 vs. 0.983, 0.976]. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 95.3%, 87.0%, 93.2% and 90.9%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that among 89 patients with positive BALF-GM test, 85 cases (95.5%) had normal immune function and 4 cases (4.5%) had unknown condition. Among 497 patients with positive serum GM test, 12 cases (2.4%) had normal immune function, 372 cases (74.9%) had abnormal immune function and 113 cases (22.7%) were uncertain. It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the sensitivity of positive BALF-GM test in diagnosis of IPA in patients with normal immune function was higher than that of positive serum GM test (95.6% vs. 88.9%), while the sensitivity of positive serum GM test in patients with abnormal immune function was higher than that of positive BALF-GM test (91.8% vs. 89.9%). CONCLUSIONS The results of BALF and serum GM tests are in good agreement with clinical diagnosis, and the combined detection of BALF and serum GM is more valuable for IPA diagnosis than single detection, especially for patients with unknown immune function.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry* ; Galactose/analogs & derivatives* ; Humans ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/diagnosis* ; Mannans/blood* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Sudden cardiac death （SCD）, most commonly seen in coronary heart disease, is a kind of sudden death caused by series of cardiac parameters, which usually combines with myocardial infarction. However, some SCDs （including early myocardial infarction） happen suddenly and cause death in a very short time. In these circumstances, typical morphological changes are lack in macroscopic or microscopic fields, which make such SCDs become the emphasis and difficulty in the present research. SCD caused by myocardial infarction and abnormalities of cardiac conduction system （CCS） is related to atherosclerosis of coronary artery closely. This paper reviews cardiac dysfunction caused by myocardial infarction and diseases of CCS from morphology and molecular biology, and explores potential relationship between them. This paper aims to provide clues to the mechanism of myocardial infarction related sudden death and possible assistance for forensic diagnosis of SCD.
Coronary Disease ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology* ; Heart Conduction System/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology*

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an important method for the treatment of hematological malignancies. The hematopoietic recovery after transplantation, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention and treatment are the key to affect transplant success. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) can improve the hematopoietic microenvironment, promote hematopoietic stem cell homing and hematopoietic recovery, support hematopoiesis. In aduition, the hUC-MSC have immune function for a variety of immune cells, can avoid and alleviate the host immune response, have a certain effect on the treatment of GVHD. This article reviews the research advances on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Surgery is the preferred treatment for resectable esophageal cancer, but in locally advanced esophageal cancer, the effect of surgery alone is not ideal, so surgery-based comprehensive treatment is the best option. Neoadjuvant therapy has become a standard treatment in the treatment of locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer. Neoadjuvant therapy includes neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiochemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, etc. With the significant efficacy and acceptable toxicity of immunotherapy in the first-line and second-line treatment of advanced esophageal cancer, neoadjuvant immunotherapy has become a research hotspot of locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer. This article reviews the latest research progress and some limitations of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer.

Why has the concept of behavior determining health created more and more extensive and far-reaching influence ever since it was put forward? The reason lies in its multiple values. It is of great practical significance and has important implications for long-term health care to explore and analyze in the perspective of the situation of COVID-19 its philosophical values, cultural values, methodological values, social values and the national strategic value of "healthy China".

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of microvascular decompression in treating trigeminal neuralgia.

METHODSSurgical experience and operative findings of 2643 cases of trigeminal neuralgia treated by microvascular decompression were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSTwo thousand four hundred and eighty-seven of 2643 cases were cured, 76 cases were ineffectiveness, 48 cases were effectiveness and 31 were ineffective. One patient died. Two thousand one hundred and thirty-six cases were followed up in 3-240 months, 1918 cases were cured, 85 cases were obviously effective, 39 cases were effective and 30 were ineffective. Sixty-four cases were pain relapsed and 37 cases were cured by second operation among them.

CONCLUSIONThe etiology of trigeminal neuralgia is that the unusual vascular oppress the root entry zone, and arachnoid membrane circling the nerve is thickened and sticked. To untie the arachnoid membrane and decompress the offending vascular is the effective methods in treating trigeminal neuralgia.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; etiology ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods

AIMTo observe the cAMP and adenylyl cyclase (AC) mRNA level in hippocampus of mice with vascular dementia (ischemia/reperfusion), and explore the molecular pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion.

METHODSThe mice were subjected for ischemia/reperfusion three times on bilateral common carotid arteries by knots to establish models of ischemia/reperfusion and the changes of learning and memory were tested on 29 d/30 d after operation. Sham-operation mice were introduced as control group. The cAMP level was evaluated by the radioimmunoassay (RIA), AC mRNA positive neurons of hippocampus CA1 area were dyed through in-situ hybridization (ISH).

RESULTSCompared with sham-operation group, the learning and memory of model group was worse (P < 0.05), the cAMP level in hippocampus was lower (P < 0.05) and the surface density (Sv) of AC mRNA positive neurons reduced (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe lower cAMP and AC mRNA level in hippocampus might participate in the molecular pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion.

Adenylyl Cyclases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cyclic AMP ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reperfusion Injury ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate whether cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)expression are related to the clinicopathological features,and to microvessel density(MVD).Methods COX-2 expressions were detected in 45colorectal carcinoma samples by immunostaining.MVD was evaluated with the specific antibody CD105.Quantitationof COX-2 mRNA was performed by RT-PCR in 45 specimens of colorectal carcinoma.Results The expressions of COX-2 mRNA and protein were significant variation among lymphatic metastasis,high Dukes stages and grade of differation(P＜0.05);Increased value of MVD were significant variation among lymphatic metastasis,high Dukes stage and depth of tumor invasion(P＜0.05).Both the overexpression of COX-2 protein and mRNA was positively correlated with the value of MVD(P＜0.05).Conclusion COX-2 plays an important role in the development of colorectal carcinoma.COX-2 may up-regulate the value of MVD,which induces angiogenesis and accordingly contributes to metastasis.