Objective To explore the application value of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute left heart failure. Methods 86 patients with acute left heart failure were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group,43 patients in each group. Two groups of patients after diagnosis,the control group were treated with conventional treatment, while patients in the study group were given breathing machine with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation treatment. Results Compared with control group,the efficiency and total effective rate in the study group were significantly increased, but the ineffictive rate significantly lower, there were significant differences (P<0. 05). At the same time,patients in the study group,HR and RR were significantly decreased,while PaO2 and SaO2 treatment were significantly higher, there were significant differences (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute left heart failure,its effects were positive,significant effect on the treatment of acute left heart failure is of great clinical value.

Objective Preview and triage is significantly important in treating a large number of the wound-ed patients. Method From 12 May to 25 May, 2008, 2171 wounded patients from Wenchuan Earthquake weretaken to the Central Hospital of Mianyang. According to the injury degree, all the wounded were classified into se-vere, moderate and minor injuries, and wore red, yellow and blue label on the wrists (those who died in a shorting change, intramuscular injection of TAT after skin test. Emergency medical records, including examination re-sults and treatment time, were completed for each wounded. The severe wounded were transferred to the relevantried out in 985 wounded, 1418 wounded hespitalized, 13 died in emergency room within two weeks after earth-quake. Only 9 died of combined injury and 4 died of severe cerebral injury. Conclusions The preview and triagelet the emergence treatment effective for a large number of earthquake patients.

AIMTo explore the effect of remodeling and biomechanical properties after chronic treating with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

METHODSThe spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR) were given with BH4 chronically. The opening angle in the zero-stress state , wall-to-lumen area ratios (W/L) of thoracic aorta and the relationship between pressure and diameter (P-D) of mesenteric artery were measured by computer image analysis in 4, 16, and 26 week-old respectively.

RESULTSTreating with BH4 chronically from 4 weeks-old in SHR, there was a significant decrease in morphometric parameters of the thoracic aorta and an increase in the zero-stress state of opening angle of elastic artery. The P-D curve of mesenteric artery moved upward.

CONCLUSIONTreating with BH4 prevented the structure and function of artery from abnormal changing, including to attenuate the resistant vascular hypertrophy and recover the vascular elasticity and expansibility.

Animals ; Arteries ; physiopathology ; Arteriolosclerosis ; prevention & control ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biopterin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR

PURPOSE: The degradation of the extracellular matrix has been shown to play an important role in the treatment of hepatic cirrhosis. In this study, the effect of thalidomide on the degradation of extracellular matrix was evaluated in a rat model of hepatic cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cirrhosis was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) three times weekly for 8 weeks. Then CCl4 was discontinued and thalidomide (100 mg/kg) or its vehicle was administered daily by gavage for 6 weeks. Serum hyaluronic acid, laminin, procollagen type III, and collagen type IV were examined by using a radioimmunoassay. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) protein in the liver, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) protein in cytoplasm by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, and MMP-13, TIMP-1, and TGF-beta1 mRNA levels in the liver were studied using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Liver histopathology was significantly better in rats given thalidomide than in the untreated model group. The levels of TIMP-1 and TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein expressions were decreased significantly and MMP-13 mRNA and protein in the liver were significantly elevated in the thalidomide-treated group. CONCLUSION: Thalidomide may exert its effects on the regulation of MMP-13 and TIMP-1 via inhibition of the TGF-beta1 signaling pathway, which enhances the degradation of extracellular matrix and accelerates the regression of hepatic cirrhosis in rats.
Actins ; Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity ; Collagen Type III/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunosuppressive Agents/*pharmacology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/chemically induced/*metabolism/pathology/*prevention & control ; Male ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Thalidomide/*pharmacology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/biosynthesis/*drug effects ; Transcription Factor RelA/biosynthesis/drug effects ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/biosynthesis/*drug effects ; Transforming Growth Factors/metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the serological characteristics and molecular basis for an individual with para-Bombay phenotype.

METHODSBlood type of the proband was determined with routine serological methods. Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene and coding regions of the FUT1 and FUT2 genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced.

RESULTSThe para-Bombay phenotype was confirmed to be of Ah-secretion type. The genotype of the individual was determined as A102/O01. Position 328 of the FUT1 gene was mutated from A to G, resulting in replacement of Alanine (Ala) at position 110 by Threonine (Thr).

CONCLUSIONThe G to A mutation of nt328 of the FUT1 gene probably underlies the para-Bombay phenotype in this individual.

ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Adult ; Alleles ; Base Sequence ; Exons ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Point Mutation

OBJECTIVETo review the prevalence and prognostic significance of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) amplification and to establish an association between FGFR1 amplification and the clinical characteristics of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

DATA SOURCESWe searched PubMed for English-language studies published between January 2010 and May 2016.

STUDY SELECTIONWe included all relevant articles, with no limitation of study design.

RESULTSFGFR1 amplification was reported in 8.7-20.0% of NSCLC cases and was significantly more frequent in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) (9.7-28.3%) than in adenocarcinomas (ADCs) (0-15.0%). The rates of FGFR1 amplification were as follows: males, 13.9-22.1%; females, 0-20.1%; Stage I NSCLC, 9.3-24.1%; Stage II NSCLC, 12.9-25.0%; Stage III NSCLC, 8.2-19.5%; Stage IV NSCLC, 0-12.5%; current smokers, 13.3-29.0%; former smokers, 2.5-23.0%; and nonsmokers, 0-22.2%. Overall survival was 43.9-70.8 months in patients with FGFR1 amplification and 42.4-115.0 months in patients with no FGFR1 amplification; disease-free survival was 22.5-58.5 months and 52.4-94.6 months, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSFGFR1 amplification is more frequent in SCCs than in ADCs. The association between FGFR1 amplification and clinical characteristics (gender, smoking status, and disease stage) and the prognostic significance of FGFR1 amplification in NSCLC remain controversial.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; mortality ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; mortality ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; mortality ; pathology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Gene Amplification ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution characteristics and the targeting feature of polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified 5-fluorouracil magnetic albumin microspheres (5-FU-MAMS) and 5-FU-MAMS in major organs of colorectal neoplasm nude mice under magnetic field, and to provide experimental evidence for targeting therapy.

METHODSEighteen mice were equally divided into PEG-5-FU-MAMS group(n=6), 5-FU-MAMS group(n=6), and 5-FU group(n=6). The colorectal neoplasm was exposed in the magnetic field of 3000 GS for 30 minutes. Three types of 5-FU were injected through the vena caudalis at the dose of 8 mg/kg. Thirty minutes later, the animals were immediately sacrificed after blood draw from the fossa orbitalis. The concentration of 5-FU in different organs including liver, lung, and tumor tissue were determined by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

RESULTSThe 5-FU concentrations in colorectal cancer tissue, liver, lung, and blood were(73.3±3.2), (22.1±2.7), (26.3±2.8), and(1.6±0.6) mg/L in the PEG-5-FU-MAMS group, and were(55.9±5.4), (46.3±8.2), (39.4±5.4), and(1.7±0.4) mg/L in the 5-FU-MAMS group. The 5-FU concentration in colorectal neoplasm was higher in the PEG-5-FU-MAMS group than that in the 5-FU-MAMS group(P<0.01), while the concentration was lower in the liver and the lung than that in the 5-FU-MAMS group(all P<0.01). There were no significant difference of 5-FU concentration in the blood sample(P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth PEG-5-FU-MAMS and 5-FU-MAMS show significant magnetic targeting to the colorectal neoplasm, and passive target capacity of PEG-5-FU-MAMS to liver and the lung. PEG modification can decrease passive target capacity and the active target capacity can be enhanced, which efficiently reduces the toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents to important organs, and therefore provides a new initiative targeting chemotherapy for cancer.

Animals ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Magnetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microspheres ; Tissue Distribution ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

OBJECTIVETo construct a morphine tolerance model in primarily cultured striatal neurons, and screen the differentially expressed genes in this model using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH).

METHODSSbtracted cDNA libraries were constructed using SSH from normal primarily cultured striatal neurons and long-term morphine treated striatal neurons (10-5 mol/L for 72 hours). To check reliability of the cell culture model, RT-PCR was performed to detect the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) mRNA expression. The subtracted clones were prescreened by PCR. The clones containing inserted fragments from forward libraries were sequenced and submitted to GenBank for homology analysis. And the expression levels of genes of interest were confirmed by RT-PCR. Results CREB mRNA expression showed a significant increase in morphine treated striatal neurons (62.85 ± 1.98) compared with normal striatal neurons (28.43 ± 1.46, P < 0.01). Thirty-six clones containing inserted fragments were randomly chosen for sequence analysis. And the 36 clones showed homology with 19 known genes and 2 novel genes. The expression of 2 novel genes, mitochondrial carrier homolog 1 (Mtch1; 96.81 ± 2.04 vs. 44.20 ± 1.31, P < 0.01) and thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 (Akt1; 122.10 ± 2.17 vs. 50.11 ± 2.01, P < 0.01), showed a significant increase in morphine-treated striatal neurons compared with normal striatal neurons.

CONCLUSIONSA reliable differential cDNA library of striatal neurons treated with long-term morphine is constructed. Mtch1 and Akt1 might be the candidate genes for the development of morphine tolerance.

Analgesics, Opioid ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Corpus Striatum ; cytology ; Drug Tolerance ; physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Library ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morphine ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Adult ; Clavicle ; injuries ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder Fractures ; classification ; surgery ; Young Adult

The chaos of heart rate variance (HRV) is identified by surrogate data method in this paper. Firstly, the main principle of chaotic identification is introduced, in which the median absolute error (MAE) of one-step prediction for HRV is set as the statistic. The algorithm is checked with a known chaotic system response and a colored noise signal. Then, some typical healthy and unhealthy HRVs are analyzed with the method of surrogate data, and some characteristic parameters from this method are compared.
Algorithms ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Humans ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted