Objective To determine the correlation between Smad4 mRNA,protein expression,abnormal methylation of CpG islands of Smad4 and colorectal cancer.Methods The expression of Smad4 in 43 cases of colorectal cancer and its adjacent tissue.30 cases of colorectal adenoma and 12 normal colon mucosa were analyzed by RT-PCR,sequencing,semi-quantitative RT-PCR,methylation-specific PCR(MSP)and immunohistochemistry.Results The mRNA expression of Smad4 was detected in 25 cases of colorectal cancer(58.14%),with expression levels at 0.73±0.25,which was significantly lower than those in corresponding adjacent tissues(88.37%,0.95±0.29),eolorectal adenoma(90.63%,1.01±0.37)and normal mucosa(100.00%,1.18 ±0.33)(P＜0.05).The positive rates of Smad4 gone promoter methylation in colorectal caner(60.53%)was significantly higher than that in other tissues(27.03%,25.00%and 16.67%,respectively,P＜0.05).The expression of Smad4 protein was significantly lower in colorectal cancer(44.19%)than that in other tissues(81.40%,87.50%,91.67%,respectively,P＜0.05),which was correlated with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis.Conclusion Down-regulation of Smad4 expression may be associated with the development,the biological behavior and prognosis of colorectal cancer,and it can be an important biological marker in evaluation of disease progression.

Objective To investigate the expression and diagnostic significance of DOG1,CD117and CD34 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors.Methods Expressions of DOG1,CD117 and CD34 were determined by immunohistochemical techniques (EnVision) in 60 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and 14 cases of other mesenchymal tumors.Results Expression of DOG1 in GIST was significantly higher than in other mesenchymal tumors (P =0.000).Expression of DOG1 in GIST from stomach was significantly higher than that from intestines.The expression rates of DOG1,CD117 and CD34 in GIST were 95％,95％,and 83.3％,respectively.Expression of DOG1 was significantly higher than CD34 (P =0.040),but no significant difference between DOG1 and CD117 (P =1.000).The expression rates of DOG1 in CD117-positive,CD34-positive tumors were 94.7％ and 94.1％,respectively.All the CD117-negative,CD34-negative tumors expressed DOG1,3 cases which were negative for CD117 and CD34 expressed DOG1.Conclusions DOG1 is a novel marker for GIST,It is necessary to the combined detection of the expression of DOG1,CD117 and CD34,which will further improve the diagnostic accuracy of GIST.

Objepctive To explore the protective effect of modified recombinant human aFGF ( Mrh-aFGF) on the neurons in ventral tegmental area of rats with Parkinson’ s disease ( PD) . Methods The 54 SD rats were ramdomly divided into the control group,the model group and the treatment group,and there were 18 rats in each group. PD rats of the model group and the treatment group were induced by in-jecting 6-OHDA into the left substantia nigra compacta ( SNC) and ventral tegmental area ( VTA) to build the PD model. Rats in the treat-ment group were given Mrh-aFGF injection after lateral ventricle injection,and the behavioral changes of the rats were detected after apomor-phine injection. The morphologic features and pathological changes of neurons in the ventral tegmental area were observed by Nissl’ s staining and electronic microscope. Results Compared to the right VTA of PD rats,the number of neurons in left side ( the injured side) decreased significantly in the model group(P<0. 05). In the treatment group,the structure of left (the injured side) VTA was markedly improved and the number of neurons was increased one week,two weeks and four weeks after operation compared with the model group (P<0. 05). The neurons in the VTA of the model group were found to have karyopyknosis,endoplasmic reticulum,degranulation,mitochondria swelling,cristae disappear,pre-synaptic and post-synaptic membranes swelling,and synaptic cleft disappear. In the treatment group,the ultrastructure of the neurons in the VTA,such as nuclei,mitochondria,synaptic structure,kept well compared to the model group. Conclusion Mrh-aFGF could protect the neurons in the ventral tegmental area from the loss and improve the ultrastructure of the neurons of PD rats.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and AIH/PSC or/PBC overlap syndrome in order to further understand the autoimmune liver diseases (AILD). Methods One hundred and nine patients with AILDs confirmed pathologically were collected between Jan. 2004 and June 2006. Of 109 patients, AIH was found in 27 eases, PBC in 67 cases, PSC in 4 eases, AIH-PSC overlap syndrome in 1 case and AIH-PBC overlap syndrome in 10 cases. The clinical and laboratory data of all patients were assessed retrospectively. Results The AILD was predominantly found in middle-aged women (73.3% ,80/109), and the main clinical manifestations were jaundice, malaise, anorexia and pruritus. The age distribution of patients with AIH showed a single peak at 50 years. Elevated serum gamma globulin and IgG were found in patients with AIH, of whom 62.9% (17/27) were positive for anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and 3 were positive for liver-kidney microsomes type 1 antibody. The main histological changes in severe AIH cases included interface hepatitis (77.7 %) and bridging necrosis. Most of the PBC patients were presented with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamyl transpeptidase and IgM. Fifty patients (74.6%) were positive for anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) and AMA-M2. The pathological examination showed that 28. 3% of the cases were in Ⅰ or Ⅱ stage and 71.7% in Ⅲ or Ⅳ stage in patients with PBC who received liver biopsy. The pathologic change of reduction or even disappearing of bile ducts was found in 62. 6% patients with PBC. The clinical and pathological manifestations in patients with AIH-PBC overlap syndrome had both characteristics of PBC and AIH. Three out of 10 patients with AIH-PBC overlap syndrome were positive for ANA and AMA/AMA-M2. Conclusion Since AILD is not rare in Chinese, its diagnosis should be based on the clinical presentation, biochemical, immunological and histologic changes.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of expression of DcR3/TR6 gene in the tissue of cardiac cancer and its correlation with survivin gene expression, Methods Two-step immnaohistochemistry technology was adopted to detect the expression of TR6 and survivin gene in 66 cases of cardiac cancer, none of the patients received prior chemotherapy. Results The positive expression rate of TR6 and survivin genes in cardiac cancer was 54.5% and 62.1% , respectively. The expression of TR6 was correlated with histology type,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis of cardiac cancer ( P<0.05 ). The positive expression rate of TR6 in cases that cardiac cancer with survivin expressed was significant higher than those without surviving expressed (χ2=15.145, P<0.01 ). Conclusions The expres-sion of TR6 and survivin can be regarded as valuable indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac cancer.

【Objective】 To study the location effect of the Mc Ab G9 to human esophageal carcinoma in tumor bearing nude mice. 【Methods】 125　I-G9 was prepared by Chloramine-T method. The distribution of 125 　 I-G9 was detected at different time (24, 48, and 72 h) after peritoneal injecti on. The percentage of the injected dose per gram of tissue(%ID/g) and the ratio of Tumor/non-Tumor were calculated. 【Results】 The distribution of 125　 I -G9 in tumor at the third day was showed by autoradiography obviously higher th an in other organ/tissue (except blood) and the highest is at the 48 h. The T/NT values are 2-7. The autoradiography indicated that radioactivity concentrated in tumor tissue. The concentration in tumor edge is more obvious than in the ce nter. 【Conclusion】 125　I-G9 has a considerable targeting activity and can well locate in esophageal carcinoma tissue in tumor bearing nude mice.

The chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine is a way of comprehensive expression to show its complicated chemical composition. It is a generally-accepted method for analyzing the quality of traditional Chinese medicines. In this article, we address an analysis algorithm of traditional Chinese medicines fingerprint and its FPGA circuit method. With the use of a method based on combined GA training BP-NN, and by virtue of high-speed operation and parallel computing, the system is implemented successfully with FPGA which can be used in field control. The result shows that this is an efficient and superior method for use in the process of preparing raw Chinese medicines.
Algorithms ; Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; instrumentation ; standards ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Quality Control

Objective To select the appropriate postoperative analgesia,through the application of different methods in the postoperative analgesia of the patients with breast cancer.Methods Ninety female patients undergoing unilateral breast cancer radical surgery in general anesthesia,aged 35-60 years,weighing 45-80 kg,falling into ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,were ran domly divided into simple intravenous postoperative analgesia group (group P,n =30),local infiltration plus intravenous postoperative analgesia group (group R,n =30),ultrasound guided thoracic nerve block plus intravenous postoperative analgesia (group TP,n =30),group P used dexmedetomidine 2μg/kg plus sufentanil 2μg/kg,group R used 0.375％ ropivacaine 20 ml local infiltration added dexmedetomidine 2μg/kg plus sufentanil 2 μtg/kg,group TP used 0.375％ ropivacaine 20 ml vertebral side block added dexmedetomidine 2μg/kg plus sufentanil 2 μg/kg.The VAS scores and Ramsay score was recorded 6,12,24,48 h after surgery,the deep sleep quality score at preoperative postoperative 24 h and 48 h,the number of postoperative analgesia pump pressure,the use of sufentanil and the nausea,vomiting,itching,bradycardia,respiratory depression happened in 24 h were documented.Results The VAS scores in groups R and TP 6 h after surgery were significantly lower than that of group P.The VAS scores in group TP 12 h after surgery were significantly lower than that of groups R and P (P＜0.05).The sedation scores were not statistically significant among the three groups.The deep sleep quality scores at 24 h in group TP were significantly lower than those of groups R and P (P＜ 0.05).The number of compressions and the use of the sufentanil in 24 h after surgery in group TP were significantly lower than those of groups R and P,and that in group R was significantly lower than that in group P (P＜0.05).The incidence of nausea,vomiting,itching,bradycardia,respiratory depression were not statistically significant in 24 h,and there were no postopera tive complications related to neurologic blocking of lateral vertebral nerve.Conclusion Three methods were safe and effective for postoperative analgesia in patients with radical surgery breast cancer.Ultrasound guided by thoracic nerve block combined intravenous postoperative analgesia was obviously better than local infiltration plus infiltration postoperative analgesia and infiltration postoperative analgesia in terms of postoperative analgesia,quality of sleep and the number of sufentanil.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of early mobilization on mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with mechanical ventilation after discharge by Meta-analysis.Methods:Databases including SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang data, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase were searched from inception to September 17th, 2020, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) about early mobilization on mortality of patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU after discharge, the references included in the literature were traced. The control group was given routine care, the experimental group was given early mobilization on the basis of the control group, including passive or active mobilization on the bed, sitting on the bed, standing by the bed, transferring to the bedside chair and assisting walking. The literature screening, data extracting, and the bias risk assessment of included studies were conducted independently by two reviewers. Stata 12.0 software was then used to perform Meta-analysis. Funnel plot was used to test publication bias.Results:A total of 10 RCT studies involving 1 323 patients were included, with 660 patients in the control group and 663 patients in the experimental group. The results of literature quality evaluation showed that 7 studies were grade A and 3 studies were grade B, indicating that the overall quality of included literatures was high. The Meta-analysis results showed that early mobilization did not increase the mortality of patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU after discharge [odds ratio ( OR) = 0.92, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 0.75-1.13, P = 0.449]. Subgroup analysis results showed that early mobilization had a tendency to reduce the mortality of ICU patients with mechanical ventilation at 3, 6 and 12 months after discharge, but the difference was not statistically significant (3-month mortality: OR = 1.02, 95% CI was 0.74-1.40, P = 0.927; 6-month mortality: OR = 0.95, 95% CI was 0.70-1.27, P = 0.712; 12-month mortality: OR = 0.60, 95% CI was 0.33-1.10, P = 0.101). Funnel plot showed that the distribution of included literatures was not completely symmetrical, suggesting that publication bias might exist. Conclusions:Early mobilization does not increase the mortality of ICU patients with mechanical ventilation after discharge. Although it tends to have a favorable outcome in reducing mortality, and has a trend to reduce the mortality. However, due to the small number of included literatures, small sample size and differences in the specific implementation of early mobilization among various studies, a large number of high-quality RCT studies are still needed for further verification.

In China, the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and motality is lung cancer (LC). As screening and early detection and treatment are effective in reducing LC mortality, formulating a guideline in line with China′s national conditions for the screening and early detection and treatment of LC will greatly promote the homogeneity and accuracy of LC screening, and result in an improvement of the effectiveness of LC screening. Commissioned and directed by the Disease Prevention and Control Bureau of the National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China, the guidline was initiated by the National Cancer Center of China and formulated with joint effort by experts from different disciplines. Following the principles and methods in WHO Handbook for Guideline Development, the guidline integrates the latest development in LC screening and early diagnosis and treatment worldwide while fully considering China′s national conditions and practical experience in LC screening. It provides detailed evidence-based recommendations for different aspects of LC screening, such as the targeted population, the technologies and the procedures, to regulate the practices of LC screening and early diagnosis and treatment and enhance the effectiveness of the prevention and control of LC in China.