Objective To develop a reliable and reproducible model of ischemic stroke .Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups:three-vessel occlusion (3VO, 15-min temporary occlusion of the bi-lateral common carotid arteries superimposed on a permanent occlusion of the right distal middle cerebral artery , n=20 ) , suture MCAO control ( n=20 ) , and sham-operated group ( n=10 ) .At 24 h functional outcome was as-sessed using corner test , cerebral ischemic lesion was determined by TTC staining ( n=10 ) , and then the surviral rate was measured till day 7 (n=10).Results The 3VO group got significantly lower neurological deficit score as compared to sham-operated group ( -0.7 vs -0.04 , P<0.01 ) .Infarct volume of mice in 3 VO group was 17.6%±1.6%, while 42.6%±15.0%in MCAO group ( n=10 ) .The 3 VO group got a significantly increased 7-day survival rate compared to suture MCAO group (90%vs 60%, n=10).Conclusions The present three-ves-sel occlusion model is stable and reliable for research on ischemic stroke .

Objective: To introduce electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on cervical spondylosis radiculopathy (CSR) at home and abroad in the prior ten years. Methods: EA, combined EA and other treatments for NCS are classified and analyzed. Results: The most commonly used acupoints are JiaJi (Ex-B2), Fengchi (GB 20), Waiguan (TE 5), Quchi (LI 11). EA is widely applied to treat CSR because of its definite therapeutic effects and safety. Conclusion: The validity of other evaluation indexes needs to be proved by more rigorously designed randomized controlled trials (RCT) with scientific methods.

Objective:To detect the characteristics of vascular remodeling after carotid balloon injury model in rats using ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM), and to discuss the application value of UBM technique by comparing ultrasonic characteristics with histopathological results.Methods:Carotid balloon injury was performed in 10-week-old SD rats(11 female and 11 male) by 2F Fogarty balloon catheter. The left common carotid artery(CCA) was injured and the right side in the same animal was used as an uninjured control. Arterial structures and hemodynamics were evaluated pre-procedure and post-procedure at 7, 14 days.The intima-media thickness(IMT) inner diameter, outer diameter, lumen area, vessel area, peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity of CCA were measured by UBM, and the vascular resistance index, shear stress and blood flow were calculated to evaluate the vascular hemodynamics. The histological data were obtained by H&E staining in cross-sections at 14 days after balloon injury. The characteristics of arterial structure and hemodynamic changes at various time points were compared, the structural changes of CCA between injured and control side after injury were compared. The Spearman correlation and linear regression were used to test the correlation between ultrasonic and histological measurements 14 days after balloon injury.Results:①Compared with pre-procedure, the IMT at 14 days after balloon injury was increased, the inner diameter was decreased, the shear stress in ultrasound was increased(all P<0.05). H&E staining histological test showed that IMT and neointima area in male rats were larger than those of female rats (all P<0.001). ②After carotid balloon injury, the lumen area decreased, but the CCA underwent compensatory positive remodeling and the vessel area increased. ③Significant correlations were demonstrated between UBM and histology in IMT, inner diameter, outer diameter and vessel area of CCA( rs=0.819, 0.965, 0.896, 0.955; all P<0.001). The vessel area value measured by UBM was larger than that of histology( P=0.006). Conclusions:The CCA of rats can be showed clearly by UBM in males and females. The arterial structure cab be measured by UBM accurately with good correlation with histology, as did arterial hemodynamic parameters, which may be benefit for the study in carotid balloon injury model of rats.

Background: Biofilms, such as those from Staphylococcus epidermidis, are generally insensitive to traditional antimicrobial agents, making it difficult to inhibit their formation. Although quercetin has excellent antibiofilm effects, its clinical applications are limited by the lack of sustained and targeted release at the site of S. epidermidis infection. Objectives: Polyethylene glycol-quercetin nanoparticles (PQ-NPs)-loaded gelatin-N,Ocarboxymethyl chitosan (N,O-CMCS) composite nanogels were prepared and assessed for the on-demand release potential for reducing S. epidermidis biofilm formation. Methods: The formation mechanism, physicochemical characterization, and antibiofilm activity of PQ-nanogels against S. epidermidis were studied. Results: Physicochemical characterization confirmed that PQ-nanogels had been prepared by the electrostatic interactions between gelatin and N,O-CMCS with sodium tripolyphosphate. The PQ-nanogels exhibited obvious pH and gelatinase-responsive to achieve on-demand release in the micro-environment (pH 5.5 and gelatinase) of S. epidermidis.In addition, PQ-nanogels had excellent antibiofilm activity, and the potential antibiofilm mechanism may enhance its antibiofilm activity by reducing its relative biofilm formation, surface hydrophobicity, exopolysaccharides production, and eDNA production. Conclusions This study will guide the development of the dual responsiveness (pH and gelatinase) of nanogels to achieve on-demand release for reducing S. epidermidis biofilm formation.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a malignant hematologic tumor, which is currently difficult to cure. The theory of Xuanfu was proposed by Liu Wansu, which is unique in the clinical evidence of Chinese medicine and is less frequently applied to hematological diseases. The application of Xuanfu theory in myelodysplastic syndrome provides new ideas for the treatment of the disease. The abnormal flow of Qi, blood and fluids caused by the occlusion of the Xuanfu is the cause of toxic stasis obstruction, which is the pathogenesis of toxic stasis obstruction. Thus, the method of dispersion of Bone from Xuanfu, the external treatment of Xuanfu, and regulation of liver qi and Xuanfu help to return to normal of opening and closing function of Xuanfu, and release toxic stasis. In this paper, we analyzed the evidence of toxin-stasis obstruction in myelodysplastic syndrome from the theory of Xuanfu, aiming to provide a feasible theoretical basis for clinical treatment of the disease.

Mastitis is one of the most widespread infectious diseases that adversely affects the profitability of the dairy industry worldwide. Accurate diagnosis and identification of pathogens early to cull infected animals and minimize the spread of infection in herds is critical for improving treatment effects and dairy farm welfare. The major pathogens causing mastitis and pathogenesis are assessed first. The most recent and advanced strategies for detecting mastitis, including genomics and proteomics approaches, are then evaluated .Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, potential research directions, and future perspectives are reported. This review provides a theoretical basis to help veterinarians select the most sensitive, specific, and cost-effective approach for detecting bovine mastitis early.

Objective To analyze the short-term survival and prognostic quality of life of patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by bacterial infection. Methods This study collected and analyzed 300 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with infection who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, and followed up to discuss their survival and quality of life. Results In this study, the top two causes of infection were spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (60.67% of patients) and pneumonia (50.67% of patients). The second causes were urinary tract infections (15.33%), gastrointestinal infections (12.33%), and other causes. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female patients (P>0.05). In addition, the proportion of hospital infections was 71.00%, and there was no statistically significant difference between male and female patients (P>0.05). A total of 353 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated in this study (73.37% of patients with hospital infections). The distribution analysis of pathogenic bacteria showed that the highest proportion of ECO was 35.98%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.98%). The distribution trend of 259 strains of pathogenic bacteria among hospital patients was consistent with that of all strains, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Gram negative bacteria accounted for 79.60% (281/353) of all detected strains, of which Escherichia coli was mostly detected in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Klebsiella Pneumoniae (KPN) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAE) were mostly detected in patients with pneumonia, and Enterococcus (ENF) was mostly detected in patients with urinary tract infection; Among gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis (SEP) and Staphylococcus aureus (SAU) are mostly found in patients with other infectious causes (blood flow infection, etc.) , and Streptococcus (STR) accounts for a high proportion in patients with Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In this study, 9 cases of death prognosis were detected during follow-up, and there was no statistically significant difference in the detection of death prognosis between different bacterial strains in both genders, as well as the difference in detection of death prognosis between hospital infections and out of hospital infections in both genders (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the detection of death prognosis between males and females due to different causes of infection, P>0.05. The quality of life scores of 291 surviving patients were compared between baseline and follow-up, indicating an increase in follow-up scores, especially in the dimensions of physiological function and physical pain. There was no statistically significant difference between different bacterial strains, infection causes, and hospital/non hospital infections (P>0.05) . Conclusion Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and pneumonia are the main causes of infection that deserve special attention, and the main pathogens of infection are Gram negative bacteria. Targeted treatment and rehabilitation should be provided for patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by infection. At the same time, the proportion of hospital infections is relatively high, and attention should be paid to, prevention and control measures should be implemented as well.