Objective To investigate the correlation between bacteria and upper urinary tract calculi (UUTC). Methods 530 cases of UUTC were enrolled in the study.Mid-stream urine culture was obtained before operation.Intraoperative pelvic urine culture,cotton swab culture of stone-incarcerated mucosal surface,pre- and post-sterilized stone culture were also carried out. Results Among 530 cases of UUTC,the stone culture showed positive (infectious stone) in 120 cases (22.6%),more prevalent in females than in males. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli were the predominant bacteria, accounting for 60.1% and 32.5%,respectively.The infection rate with which a stone size was ≥1.0 cm with coarse surface,loose density or radiolucent was much higher than that of size

Objective To summarize our experience in microsurgical treatment of dumbbell tumors. Methods The clinical features,surgical approaches,operative techniques and surgical results of 21 cases of dumbbell tumors were analyzed retrospectively.Four surgical approaches were adopted according to the size and location of tumors,including,posterior midline approach(in 7 cases),modified far lateral approach(in 5 cases),posterior midline supplied by anterior cervical approach(in 2 cases)and paramidline approach(in 7 cases). Results In this series,10 cases of tumors were situated in the cervical,6 in thoracic,4 in lumbar and 1 in sacral segment of the spine.Total removal were achieved in 95% (20/21),and subtotal removal in 5%(1/21).Postoperative pathological diagnosis revealed 15 neurinomas,5 spinal meningiomas and 1 metastatic adenocarcinoma.14 cases of meningiomas and 1 metastatic adenocarcinoma were followed up for 1 to 48 months.11 of the 14 patients recovered completely,with 3 of them living daily life independently,4 maintainly radical hypoesthesia,and one having decubital ulcer unhealed.No postoperative malformation and dysfunction of the disposed spine occurred in these patients.Magnetic resonance imaging scans in 11 of the 14 follow-up cases revealed no tumor recurrence,of which inhanced MRI scans were performed in 8 cases. Conclusions dumbbell tumors should be treated by one-stage operation.Microsurgical technique could improve the rate of total removal,and decrease postoperative complications.

With the development of CT technique and clinical application of mutiple-detector helical CT,it is possible to reconstruct the structure of organs under the help of 3-dimention CT technique.The blood supply of normal liver and that of hepatic cancer come from hepatic artery and portal vein,with 25% and 75% respectively for the former and just neverse for the latter and sometimes having correlation with presure inside ,the biliary system.Therefore,a full knowledge of intrahepatic vasculo-ductal system is not only crucial for hepatic cancer diagnosis but also for treatment interventionally.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:280-283)

Objective:To analyze the difference of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) among image processing of the renal dynamic imaging through various methods.Methods: The renal dynamic imaging was processed through various methods, and using the image post-processing software. Using SPSS statistic system to analyze the data.Results: The methods of image processing had impacts on GFR. (1)The difference of GFR data obtained from images which were processed by different operators were not statistically significant. (2) The difference of GFR data obtained from images which image processing repeatedly by the same operator were not statistically significant. (3)GFR data measured based on background detecting regions of interest (ROI) (manually defined or auto-defined ROI) placed in different positions of kidney image had statistical significant. (4) The difference of GFR data were measured by manually defined and auto-defined background ROI had statistical significant.Conclusion: Choosing the proper image processing way, combining clinical appearance and detection, and gaining real data help to ensure the accuracy of imaging diagnostic reports.

Objective To investigate the values of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ,carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ,carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and ferritin (SF) determination in assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer .Methods Wedetermined the concentrations of serum VEGF ,CEA ,CA19-9 and SF for 85 patients with advanced gastric cancer ,before and after 1 cycles of chemotherapy and evaluated the the effect of chemotherapy after 2 cycle of chemotherapy .Results In effective group ,serum concentrations of VEGF ,CEA ,CA19-9 and SF significantly decreased after chem-otherapy cycle(P< 0 .05) ,serum VEGF and CEA concentrations significantly increased in progress group (P< 0 .05) ,serum VEGF ,CEA ,CA19-9 and SF concentrations in stable group and serum CA19-9 and SF concentrations in progress group did not change significantly(P> 0 .05) ,compared with those before chemotherapy cycle .Multiple regression analysis showed that serum CEA ,VEGF ,CA19-9 concentration changes correlated with chemotherapy efficiency ,while serum SF didn′t(t=1 .58 ,P=0 .119) . Conclusion Serum CEA ,VEGF ,CA19-9 concentration changes associated with gastric cancer chemotherapy efficiency ,which help predict the efficiency of chemotherapy .

Objective To investigate the combined detection of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag)and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1)value in assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.Methods 60 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients in January 2011 between June 2013 to be admitted to hospital were treated with gemcitabine plus cisplatin or carboplatin chemotherapy.Detected the levels of serum VEGF,SCC-Ag and CYFRA21-1 expression in 60 cases before and after 1 cycle of chemotherapy in patients using ELISA and immunoradiometric assay,and evaluated the efficacy evaluation with reference to RECIST criteria after 2 cycle of chemotherapy.Results Effective group serum VEGF and CYFRA21-1 levels were 413± 114 pg/ml and 14.7±9.6 ng/ml;serum VEGF and CYFRA21-1 levels after one cycle of chemotherapy were 272±131 pg/ml and 10.8±7.1 ng/ml,which decreased after chemotherapy (P<0.01).Progress group serum VEGF and CYFRA21-1 levels were 472±207 pg/ml and 18.9±17.6 ng/ml;serum VEGF and CYFRA21-1 levels after one cycle of chemotherapy were 537±219 pg/ml and 21.5±20.2 ng/ml,which increased after chemotherapy (P<0.01).Stable group serum VEGF CYFRA21-1 levels and were 419±246 pg/ml and 17.0±12.9 ng/ml;serum VEGF and CYFRA21-1 levels after one cycle of chemotherapy were 421±252 pg/ml and 16.8±11.7 ng/ml,which had no changes before and after treatment (P>0.05). Serum SCC-Ag levels before and after each treatment group difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that serum VEGF,CYFRA2 1-1 levels and the efficacy of lung squamous were related changed (t=5.86,P<0.001;t=2.26,P=0.027),and there was no significant correlation between SCC-Ag levels changes and the effect of chemotherapy (t=1.52,P=0.133).Conclusion Serum VEGF and CYFRA21-1 expression level changes associat-ed with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung chemotherapy effect,which can advance understanding of the effect of chemo-therapy,combined with advanced squamous cell carcinoma detection of serum VEGF and chemotherapy assessment CY-FRA2 1-1 has a certain reference value.

Objective To investigate the effect of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway on the development of insulin resistance induced by high fat diet.Methods Normal male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:control(fed with normal chow),high fat(fed with high fat diet for 13 weeks),and rosiglitazone (intragastric administration with rosiglitazone for 5 weeks)groups.After 13 weeks,all the rats were sacrificed,serum and muscle triglycerides(TG),serum total cholesterol(TC),and serum and muscle free fatty acids(FFA) were measured.Insulin sensitivity wss evaluated by insulin sensitivity index(ISI)and glucose infused rat(GIR) with the hyperinsulinemic englycemic clamp technique.The flux of HBP in skeletal muscle was detected with the expression level of glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase(GFAT)mRNA(RT-PCR),the content of UDPGlcNAc(HPLC)and the level of O-GlcNAc glycosylation in skeletal muscle proteins(Western blot). Results Compared with control group,senlm TG,TC,FFA and muscle TG,FFA levels of high fat group increased(aII P<0.01).both ISI and GIR decreased(both P<0.01),and the leveIs of GFAT mRNA(0.51±0.05 vs 0.18±0.02),UDP-GlcNAc[(6.18±0.86 vs 2.42±0.36)nmol/g],and O-GIcNAc glycosylation of skeletal muscle proteins in high fat group were raised(all P<0.01).In rosiglitazone group,serum and muscle TG.FFA welc deceased(all P<0.01).insulin sensitivity was increased(P<0.05)and the flux of HBP[GFAT mRNA 0.27±0.03,UDP-GIcNAc(2.62±0.32)nmol/g]was reduced(all P<0.05)as compared with high fat group. Conclusions High fat diet-induced insulin resistance in rats is correlated with the increased flux of HBP in skeletaI muscle.which is decreased by rosiglitazone.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for rapid identification and efficient preparation of main ingredients in effective parts of Xinjiang Artemisia rupestris,and provide reference for researching the ethnic medicines. METHODS:LC-HRMS/MS was conducted for the preliminary study of main ingredients in effective parts of A. rupestris. HPLC,UV and MS were used to compare and analyze parts of the compounds and its reference substances,their names were determined. Column separation and preparative liquid chromatography were used for the undetermined compounds to receive monomer rapidly,and the structures were identified. RESULTS:5 compounds were separated from the effective parts,2 of which were identified as artemetin and casticin. A monomer-ic compound was obtained (yield was 0.35 mg/g,the purity was 98.5%),which was confirmed to be 6-demethoxy-4′-O-me-thoxy-capillarisin-7-O-β-D-glucoside by the structure. CONCLUSIONS:The method has achieved rapid separation,identification and preparation of target ingredients,which can be used for the fundamental research of ethnic medicine complex materials.

Objective To explore the effect of pre-treatment of subcutaneous injection of ketamine on remifentanil induced hyperalgesia and K+/Cl-cotransporter 2,KCC2) expression on spinal cord of rats.Methods60 male adult SD rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=12 in each group):control group (group C),the incision group(group I),the incision plus remifentanil group(group I+R),the incision plus ketamine group(group I+K) and the incision plus remifentanil and ketamine group(group I+R+K).Mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) was evaluated at 24 hours before incision(T0),2 hours,6 hours,24 hours and 48 hours after incision(T1~T4).The lumbar spinal cords of rats were taken out at T4 time point and the KCC2 detected was detected by immunofluorescence analysis and western blot analysis.ResultsCompared with group C(T1(14.5±1.7)g,T2(14.2±1.1)g,T3(13.9±1.8)g,T4(14.2±1.1)g),MWT of other groups at T1 (I(5.6±0.8)g,I+R(3.2±1.0)g,I+K(6.8±1.7)g,I+R+K(5.1±1.6)g),T2 (I(6.9±1.0)g,I+R(4.3±1.2)g,I+K(8.0±1.4)g,I+R+K(6.2±1.5)g),T3 (I(7.6±0.9)g,I+R(5.4±1.1)g,I+K(10.3±1.2)g,I+R+K(7.1±1.1)g),T4 (I(8.9±1.1)g,I+R(7.5±1.4)g,I+K(11.3±1.2)g,I+R+K(8.3±1.2)g)and the expression of KCC2 at T4 decreased (P<0.05).Compared with group I(T1(5.6±0.8)g,T2(6.9±1.0)g,T3(7.6±0.9)g,T4(8.9±1.1)g),MWT of group I+R (T1(3.2±1.0)g,T2(4.3±1.2)g,T3(5.4±1.1)g,T4(7.5±1.4)g) decreased at all time points after incision (T1~T4)(P<0.05) and the expression of KCC2 at T4 decreased significantly (P<0.05).Compared with group I(T1(5.6±0.8)g,T2(6.9±1.0)g,T3(7.6±0.9)g,T4(8.9±1.1)g),MWT of group I+K (T1(6.8±1.7)g,T2(8.0±1.4)g,T3(10.3±1.2)g,T4(11.3±1.2)g) increased at all time points after incision (T1~T4)(P<0.05) and the expression of KCC2 at T4 increased (P<0.05).Compared with group I+R(T1(3.2±1.0)g,T2(4.3±1.2)g,T3(5.4±1.1)g,T4(7.5±1.4)g),MWT of group I+R+K (T1(5.1±1.6)g,T2(6.2±1.5)g,T3(7.1±1.1)g,T4(8.3±1.2)g) increased at all time points after incision (T1~T4)(P<0.05) and the expression of KCC2 at T4 increased (P<0.05).ConclusionPre-treatment of subcutaneous injection of ketamine can reduce the hyperalgesia of rats induced by remifentanil and reduce the inhibition of KCC2 expression on dorsal horn of spinal cord.

Background Phakic posterior chamber implantable contact lens (PPC-ICL) or phakic posterior chamber Toric implantable contact lens (PPC-TICL) implantation is an effective way for the correction of high myopia or high myopia with astigmia,but it often has residual myopic power.Excimer laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) can correct the residual myopia following PPC-ICL or PPC-TICL,but its effectiveness and safety deserve attention.Objective This study was to analyze the clinical effectiveness and safety of LASEK for residual myopia after PPC-ICL implantation for extreme high myopia.Methods A prospective cases-observational study was performed,and written informed consent was obtained from each patient before any surgery.Fourteen eyes of 9 patients with residual myopia following PPC-ICL or PPC-TICL for the eyes with spherical equivalent refraction of ≥-20.00 D were collected in the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from July 2010 to March 2015,including PPCICL implantation in 8 eyes and PPC-TICL implantation in 6 eyes.LASEK were performed on the eyes to correct the residual myopic power.Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA),best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),haze,the distance of intraocular lens to lens,corneal thickness,corneal topography,corneal endothelial cell counting,intraocular pressure (IOP) and fundus were examined and compared before and after surgery.The effectiveness and safety of the surgery were evaluated.Results The operation was smooth and no complication was found after surgery in all of the eyes.The UCVA and BCVA were significantly different in the eyes among before surgery,6 months after PPC-ICL implantation and 12 months after LASEK (F =31.360,1.778;both at P＜0.05),and the UCVA after LASEK was higher than BCVA before LASEK.The refractive powers were (-22.27-±4.29),(-3.75±2.25) and (-0.42±0.63) D before surgery,6 months after PPC-ICL implantation and 12 months after LASEK,showing a significant difference among them (F=46.370,P＜0.05),and the refractive power was considerably lower after LASEK than that before surgery and after PPC-ICL implantation (both at P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in IOP or corneal endothelial cell counting in operated eyes among before surgery,6 months after PPC-ICL implantation and 12 months after LASEK (F=1.663,1.055;both at P＞0.05).The distance of intraocular lens to lens was (0.69±0.26)mm in the eyes after LASEK and (0.71 ±0.29)mm in the eyes after PPC-ICL implantation,with no significant difference between them (t =0.192,P＞0.05).Conclusions PPC-ICL or PPC-TICL implantation for the correction extreme high myopia often remains a certain degree of myopia,and LASEK for the correction of residual refractive power is safe and effective.