In 2008, WHO classified chronic eosinophilic leukemia with rearranged PDGFRA、PDGFRB or FGFRI as myeloid / lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia and PDGFRA、PDGFRB or FGFR1rearrangement and CEL without these abnormalities but with other abnormal clonality as CEL not otherwise specified (CEL-NOS). The article expresses authors' opinion.

The treatment for adult refractory /relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a major challenge in clinical practice. Therapeutic strategies including high-dose single agent,intensified induction,new drugs,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy etc. may be of benefit to some patients. The post-remission treatments remain to be further developed.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia, is characterized by rapid progress, prone to developing DIC, and high mortality. Typical chromosome translocation with PMLRARα fusion gene occurs in more than 95% of APL cases. Since 1986, the outcome of APL has been significantly improved in our country by firstly using ATRA and ATO for treating APL, making APL of AML curable by chemotherapy only. Based on our limited experiences, we discussed the related problems in the treatment of APL.

Objective: Compare merits and drawbacks of existing ablative and non-ablative rejuvenation technologies, and complete study and design of a skin rejuvenation device based on a new rejuvenation mechanism using broad-spectrum infrared light (1100 nm ～1800nm). Methods: This article firstly presents skin rejuvenation mechanism based on the broad-spectrum infrared light, and then independently design by using corresponding systems at home and abroad for reference to make a high-quality device with lower costs compared to international corresponding systems. The device has a modular architecture design including system control module, power module, infrared emission, human machine interface, water circulating cooling and switch control module. The article details three key points in design: how to generate the required infrared pulsed light, human machine interface and anti-interference design. Results: The article gave the architecture diagram and human machine interface. The technical parameters measured by experiments satisfied the design requirements and the device can be used in clinics. Its stability, reliability and energy uniformity all meet requirements of infrared rejuvenation treatment. Conclusion: The device will have good applying prospect and market prospect in medical cosmetics.

Objective:To observe the effects of allogeneic compact bone derived-mesenchymal stem cells ( CB-MSCs) on pro-liferation and differentiation of T cells,and investigate the molecular mechanisms of the immunosuppressive ability.Methods:With an established co-culture system of CB-MSCs and mouse spleen lymphocytes ( SP) in vitro,we observed the effects of CB-MSCs on prolif-eration,apoptosis and cell cycle of SP by MTS/PES assay and flow cytometry.Also,we measured the effects of CB-MSCs on regulatory T cells ( Treg) ratio and expressions of CCR5,CCR7 and CXCR3 in SP.Results:CB-MSCs could obviously inhibit the PHA-stimulated SP proliferation with a dose-dependent manner;MSCs could significantly inhibit the spontaneous apoptosis of SP and induce SP cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest.After co-culture with SP,CB-MSCs could obviously increase the proportion of Treg in SP,down-regulate the expression of CXCR3 and CCR5,as well as up-regulate the expression of CCR7.Conclusion: Allogeneic CB-MSCs can significantly inhibit cell proliferation of SP,the mechanisms mainly involved the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest rather than apoptosis induction.In addition, CB-MSCs can exert immunomodulatory effects by increasing the Treg ratio,regulating the expressions of chemokine receptors.

Objective:To study the influence of chloroquine combined with decitabine in the apoptosis of leukemia K562 cells and KG-1a1Aor1a cells,to explore the effect of autophagy on the leukemia cell apoptosis induced by decitabine,and to clarify its mechanism.Methods:The leukemia K562 and KG-1a1Aor1a cells were cultivated in vitro and divided into blank control group,decitabine group (10 μmol · L 1) and chloroquine (50 μmol · L 1) combined with decitabine group (combined group).The leukemia cells in combined group were pre-treated with chloroquine for 6 h before experiment.After treatment with drugs for 24 and 48 h,the number of cells was detected and by CCK-8 method the inhibitory rates of proliferation cells were calculated;the apoptotic rates and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry.Q-PCR method was carried out to determine the gene expression levels of Atg7 and Atg12,and Western blotting was used to test the protein expression of LC3.Results:After treatment for 24 and 48 h,the number of K562 and KG-1a1Aor1a cells in decitabine group and combined group were decreased compared with blank control group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);the apoptotic rates and mitochondrial membrane potential were remarkably increased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with decitabine group,the number of K562 and KG-1a1Aor1a in combined group was significantly decreased,and the apoptotic rates were remarkably increased (P＜0.05).After treatment for 24 h,the expression levels of Atg7,Atg12 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in the leukemia K562 and KG-1a1Aor1a cells in decitabine group were significantly increased compared with blank control group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);the expression levels of Atg7,Atg12 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in the leukemia K562 and KG-1a1Aor1a cells in combined group were significantly decreased compared with decitabine group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion:Decitabine could promote the apoptosis of leukemia cells,and the inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine can promote the apoptosis induced by decitabine.

Objective To study the role and mechanism of orexin A in cell viability of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cell model PC12. Methods PC12 cells were treated with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μmol/L Aβ25-35 for 24 h, and then, cell viability was measured by MTT to confirm which concentration was the suitable one to establish the AD cell models. (1) AD cell models were treated with 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 2μmol/L orexin A for 24 h, and then, 30μmol/L Aβ25-35 was added for 24 h; MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability to conform the suitable concentration of orexin A. (2) Inverted phase contrast microscope was employed to observe the morphology changes of PC12 cells from the control group, 30 μmol/L Aβ25-35 treatment group, and 0.01 μmol/L orexin A+30 μmol/L Aβ25-35 treatment group. (3) The PC12 cells were given pretreatment of orexin A receptor inhibitor SB408124 for 2 h, and cell viability was detected. Results (1) Aβ25-35 at concentration 30μmol/L was the suitable one to establish the AD cell models;after being pretreated with different concentrations of orexin A, the cell viability showed significant differences (F=27.120, P=0.000), and 0.01μmol/L orexin A was the suitable concentration. (2) Some of the cells from the 30μmol/L Aβ25-35 treatment group had breaking-off of protuberance and damaged soma;cells from 0.01μmol/L orexin A+30μmol/L Aβ25-35 treatment group had breaking-off of protuberance, and the degree of damaged soma was eased as compared with that in the 30μmol/L Aβ25-35 treatment group. (3) If the cell viability of the control group was 100％, cell viability of orexin A receptor inhibitor group was 109.10％±0.36％, which was significantly decreased as compared with that in the 0.01 μmol/L orexin A pretreated group (117.24％±2.72％, P<0.05). Conclusion Orexin A can improve the cell viability via combination of its specific receptor; orexin A and its specific receptor may be new targets for prevention and cure of AD.

In recent years,deep learning,a pivotal subset of artificial intelligence machine learning,has achieved noteworthy advancements in the medical domain.It facilitates precise detection,diagnosis and prognostic assessment of various diseases through the analysis of medical images.Within ophthalmology,deep learning techniques have found wide-spread application in the diagnosis and prediction of thyroid-related eye diseases,orbital blowout fracture,melanoma,bas-al cell carcinoma,orbital abscess,lymphoma,retinoblastoma and other diseases.Leveraging images from computed tomo-graphy,magnetic resonance imaging and even pathological sections,this technology demonstrates a capacity to diagnose,differentiate and stage orbital diseases and ocular tumors with a high level of accuracy comparable to that of expert clini-cians.The promising prospects of this technology are expected to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases,concurrently reducing the time and cost associated with clinical practices.This review consolidates the latest research pro-gress on the application of artificial intelligence deep learning in orbital diseases and ocular tumors,aiming to furnish clini-cians with up-to-date information and developmental trends in this field,thereby furthering the clinical application and widespread adoption of this technology.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of different acupuncture methods on urine metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rabbits, and to explore the specificity mechanism of heat-reinforcing acupuncture for RA.

METHODSA total of 40 clean purple-blue rabbits were randomly allocated to a normal group, a model group, a mild reinforcing-reducing needling (MRRN) group, a twirling-reinforcing needling (TRN) group and a heat-reinforcing needling (HRN) group, 8 rabbits in each one. Except the normal group, the rabbits in the remaining groups were treated with ovalbumin and freezing to establish RA model. The rabbits in the MRRN group, TRN group and HRN group were treated with MRRN, TRN and HRN at "Zusanli" (ST 36), respectively, 30 min per treatment, once a day for seven days. After treatment, 24-h urine was collected. The rabbits were sacrificed to collect synovial tissues of knee to perform morphology observation; the liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q/TOF-MS) was applied to measure urine metabolites. All the data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA).

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, the leucine-related metabolites, as main urine metabolites, were decreased in the model group (<0.05), while the purine-related metabolites and tryptophane-related metabolites were increased (<0.05). Compared with the model group, the leucine-related metabolites, as main urine metabolites, were increased in the three needling groups after treatment (<0.05), while the tryptophan-related metabolites andpurine-related metabolites were decreased (<0.05), moreover, the leucine-related metabolites in the HRN group were obviously higher than those in the MRRN group and TRN gruop (<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSMRRN, TRN and HRN can regulate the pathway of leucine metabolism (energy metabolism), purine metabolism (oxidative damage) and tryptophane metabolism (immune regulation) for RA, The specificity of HRN for RA focuses on regulation of leucine metabolism (energy metabolism).

OBJECTIVE： To analyze chemical components as coumarin in Saposhnikovia divaricata， and to provide reference for comprehensive analysis of pharmacodynamic material base in S. divaricata. METHODS： UPLC-Q-TOF-MS method was adopted. Chromatographic condition： the determination was performed on ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ formic acid water-0.1％ formic acid acetonitrile （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was 35 ℃， and sample size was 3 μL. MS condition： ESI， in positive and negative ion mode， ESI+/ESI－ 5 500 V/－4 500 V， declustering potential of 80-－80 V， auxiliary heating gas pressure of 55.00 psi， atomizing gas pressure of －55 psi， curtain gas pressure of －35.00 psi， desolvent temperature of 550 ℃， collision activation scanning energy of 15 eV， collision voltage of 35 psi. Component analysis was performed by comparing with the related literature data and the standard chromatogram control combined with accurate relative molecular mass of compounds provided by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. RESULTS： Totally 135 chemical components were analyzed in ESI+ mode， and the 105 chemical components were analyzed in ESI－ mode. 11 chemical components as coumarin were identified in ESI+ mode， such as isoimperatorin， umbelliferone， scopolamine， xanthotoxin， psoralen， Ostenol， fraxidin， isoimperatorin， 5-hydroxyl-8-methoxypsoralen， phellopterin， decursin. CONCLUSIONS： The method is accurate and rapid， and can be used for the analysis of chemical components as coumarin in S. divaricata.