Objective To investigate and evaluate a novel fluorotyping procedure for HLA-DRB1 locus. Methods On the basis of low resolutation SSP technique,the fluorogenic probe was used to establish the fluorotyping procedure of HLA-DRB1 which was carried out for 46 samples. Results The fluorotyping has been successful for all the 46 samples and was completely coincident to the SSP results.As compared to the serological typing of DR locus,the coincidence rate was 66.3%(61/92) whereas the coincidence rate of both the 2 specific genes was 43.5%(20/46). Conclusions Fluorotyping is accurate,sensitive,reproducible,depends less on manual manipulation and eliminates the problems related to contamination.

[Objective]To investigate the treating effect of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures with lateral supporting plate and compression screw system.[Method]Forty-six cases of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures were treated with internal fixation from the year of 2000 to 2004 in our hospital.All of them were treated with open reduction and internal fixation by lateral supporting plata and compression screw system.Orthopaedic evaluation at latest follow-up included a knee functional outcome and radiographic examination.[Result]Forty-six cases were followed up for 12 to 18 months(averaged,14.4 months).All fractures healed.According to Rasmussen scale,84.8% excellent and good results were obtained.[Conclusion]Most of all bicondylar tibial plateau fractures were stabilized by applying lateral supporting plate and compression screw system.This system help reduce complication rates resulting from open reduction and internal fixation.

[Objective] To evaluate the clinical efficacy of treatment of humeral shaft fracture with revolving intramedullary nails.[Method]Sixty-two cases with fracture of hume ral shaft were treated by revolving intramedullary nails between January 2000 and February 2006.Their were 38 male cases and 24 female cases.Their average age was 36.9(ranged 20～58).Fifty-fous cases were closed fractures,and eight cases were opened.Sixty-two cases with fracture of humeral shaft according to AO classification,41 cases were type A,15 cases were type B,6 cases were type C.Sixty-two patients with the humeral shaft fracture were treated with limited open reduction and minimally invasive internal fixation with revolving intramedullary nails.Scientific and rational rehabilitative treatment was carried out in each case after the operation.All patients were follow-up between 14 months and 30 months.The average follow-up period was 24 months.[Result]The fracture union occurred in sixty-two patients.The average healing time was 15 weeks.According to Rodriquez-Merchang shoulder functional score system,the excellent result was achieved in 36 patients,good in 20 and fair in 6.The excellent and good rate was 90.3%.All cases got good function recovery.The effects were satisfactory.There were no complications in all cases,such as infection,iatrogenic fracture,shortening,break of nail,fat embolism syndrome and peripheral nerve injury.[Conclusion]Revolving intramedullary nails for treatment of humeral shaft fracture is effective with litter interference with the blood supply of the bone fracture and with stable immobilization.Due to the abutment of the longitudinal bars along the entire length of the medullary canal wall,highly resistant to the rotational strength was achieved.The advances of revolving intramedullary nails are convenient in operative procedure with little invasive of operation,early function exercise,high raito of fracture healing and safety compared with the normal operative therapy.The operation indication and timing should be controlled strictly.The manipulation should be familiar.This kind of treatment is worth to be recommended.

Objective To explore the role of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in modulating apoptosis of ER-negative breast cancer cells induced by tamoxifen. Methods ER-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 were treated with 10.0?M tamoxifen for 12, 24, 36,48, 60 hours. The rate of cell apoptosis with or without caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO, and protein expression of Bcl-2,Bax were determined by flow cytometry, and the activity of Caspase-3 was examined with fluorophotometry. Results The expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated, the activity of Caspase-3 and the rate of cell apoptosis were increased by TAM time-dependently, and the rate of apoptosis reached its peak at 48 hours. The expression of Bcl-2 was (negatively) correlated with activity of caspase-3. Tamoxifen, however, did not affect Bax protein expression. Ac-DEVD-CHO, a caspase-3 inhibitor, blocked the activation of caspase-3 and inhibited cell apoptosis (induced) by tamoxifen. Conclusions TAM could induce apoptosis in ER-negative breast cancer cells via (mitochondria) pathway by down-regulating Bcl-2 expression, and the activation of Caspase-3 might play an (important) role in the process of tamoxifen-induced apoptosis of ER-negative breast cancer cells.

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of CT-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods During the period from June 2010 to June 2013, a total of 100 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were admitted to authors’ hospital. The patients were equally and randomly divided into the study group (n=50) and the control group (n=50). The patients of the control group received concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment, while the patients of the study group received CT-guided RFA. The clinical effect, changes in CT values after the treatment, the improvement of physical condition and postoperative complications were recorded, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results The remission rate of the disease in the study group was 86.0%, which was much higher than that in the control group (52.0%), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After the treatment, the CT value of the study group was (14.1±3.9) HU, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (29.8±4.7 HU, P<0.05). The physical improvement rate of the study group (66.0%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (44.0%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The occurrence of postoperative complications, such as pulmonary infection, chest pain, fever, thoracic effusion and gastrointestinal reaction, in the study group was strikingly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion For the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer, CT-guided radiofrequency ablation is safe and less-invasive, it can improve the clinical short-term effect as well as the quality of life. Therefore, this technique should be recommended in clinical practice.

0.05). Conclusions In comparison with mammography,PET/CT has a higher degree of sensitivity and specificily in detecting breast cancer,and higher positive predictive value.PET/CT can provide more aspects of in vivo diagnostic information which may be useful in selecting therapeutic strategy and may supplement the inadequacies of mammography.

Objective To evaluate the use of PET/CT in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods In this study,33 patients with suspicious breast tumor underwent PET/CT imaging. The images of the breast were analyzed for qualitative assessment of increased tracer uptake and blood perfusion with PET/CT. Results Among 27 cases with pathology proved breast cancer,25 was judged as PET/CT positive,2 was false-negative. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of PET/CT in identifying breast cancer were 92.6%,100%,93.9%. Conclusion PET/CT is a reliable and sensitive measure in the diagnosis of breast cancer in vivo.

OBJECTIVE To invesigate the prevalence of SHV-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Hunan Province and identify the subtype of SHV encoding gene and the epidemiological aspect of SHV-producing isolates. METHODS Isolates were collected and identified as well as subjected to ESBLs detection.PCR and DNA sequencing were used to determine the genotype of SHV enzymes.The homology of SHV-producing strains were detected by RAPD. RESULTS Twenty-six of 171 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were confirmed to produce blaSHV genes,and 5 subtypes of SHV-type ?-lactamases were determined,including 9 strains of SHV-28,7 strains of SHV-12,7 strains of SHV-1,2 strains of SHV-11 and 1 strain of SHV-5.There were 6 RAPD types in 19 isolates of SHV-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae,5 RAPD types in 5 isolates of SHV-producing Enterobacter cloacae. CONCLUSIONS SHV-12 is the predominant genotype of SHV ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hunan Province,and clone spread has played a certain role in SHV-type ?-lactamase producing K.pneumoniae.SHV ESBLs are not found in Escherichia coli.

Objective To study the anatomy of pelvic autonomic nerves, to avoid autonomic nerves damage during rectal cancer surgery. MethodsAnatomical dissections were carried out on 7 adult cadavers, and clinically autonomic nerve-preserving rectal cancer resection was performed. Results The superior hypogastric plexus lies just posterior to the inferior mesenteric vessels. There were no obvious autonomic nerve trunks in the loose areolar tissue plane between the parietal fascia and the visceral fascia right posterior to the rectum. There were no obvious autonomic nerve trunks between the rectum and the seminal vesicles or the prostate. The inferior hypogastric plexus was a rhomboid shaped plaque of nervous tissue. The main components of the lateral ligament were autonomic nerves passing from the pelvic plexus to the rectum within a condensation of connective tissue. WT5”HZConclusionsThe inferior mesenteric vessels can be used a landmark intraoperatively to identify the superior hypogastric plexus. In order to preserve the inferior hypogastric plexus while dissecting the lateral of rectum, we should dissect along the medial surface of the inferior hypogastric plexus, and along its curvature. JP2

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