Objective To study the incidence of malignant tumors in the patients undergone renal transplantation, and to explore the mechanism of higher incidence. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 829 patients undergone renal transplantation followed by immunosuppression therapy from 1998-2006. 15 cases developed malignant tumors among the 829 patients with incidence of 1.9%. The incidence of urinary system tumor was 66.7%, of hepatoma was 13.3%, and 6.7% for lymphoma, cutaneous cancer and pulmonary carcinoma respectively. Results 15 patients suffered from renal tumors 11-73 months after kidney transplantation, in whom renal function was normal in 14 patients, and in 1 patient the grafted kidney showed dysfunction. No tumor metastasis was found in those cases, except in 3 patients ureteral lumen infiltration was found. Most patients accepted operations, with the dose of the immuosurpression drugs adjusted or reduced, and supplemented with chemotherapy or rediotherapy and immunotherapy. Conclusions The pathogenesis might be related with immunosuppression drugs postoperatively, and also the effects of transplantation itself and the primary disease before transplantation, for instance, uroepithelium malignancy was prolonged medication was frequently the reason for renal transplantation.

Objective To explore the localization diagnosis method of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis by multi-di-mensional MRI scans of lumbar nerve roots. Methods Twenty-one patients with lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis were fol-lowed up from June 2006 to June 2011 postoperatively, 10 cases of male, 11 cases of female;36 to 65 years old, average 45.6 years. The medical history is six to thirty six months, an average of 9.4 years;5 cases have low back pain with unilateral leg pain and 16 cases showed unilateral leg pain only. The height of intervertebral space and foramen intervertebrale were measured on the X-rays of lumbar lateral position. Lumbar nerve roots MR imaging at the position of axial, coronal and sagittal scan were performed separately to the patients who were clinically suspected to suffer from lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis. A definitive diagno-sis of the location of nerve root compression and structural changes surrounding the nerve root can be obtained. Surgical operation was performed to confirm the accuracy of the MRI imaging diagnosis. Results There were 9 cases of lumbar intervertebral fora-men stenosis caused by lumbar disc herniation. The other 12 cases are caused by zygapophyseal joint hyperplasia. All cases of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis located at the low back. By comparing MR images of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis with surgical procedure,the surgical observation of 21 patients completely coincided with the preoperative localization diagnosis, coincidence rate was 100%(21/21). After surgical treatment, 20 cases achieved a complete remission of leg pain and 1 case was not satisfactory. Conclusion MRI imaging at the position of axial, coronal and sagittal scan for lumbar nerve roots were useful to rigorous localization diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis, and can provide accurate radiological evidence for sur-gery program.

Objective To investigate the radiographic body posture selection and improvement and it's application value.Methods We selected the uncommon postures optimal for radiographic diagnosis according to different body parts of compound injury patients,and offered the filming process and cautions of some improved postures in radiographic practice.Results Appropriate body posture,improved filming position and processes,optimized parameters of exposure,and the application of digital imaging devices could ensure the image quality of diagnosis.Conclusion Effective filming processes,improved body postures and variable digital devices should be selected in compound injury patients according to practical condition.

Objective:To study the clinical effect and machanism of Tongjinglin Granules for endometriosis.Methods: Patients with endometriosis were divided into two groups, treated with Tongjinglin Granules and Tamoxifen citrate, respectively.Results: The total effective rates were 93.33% for Tongjinglin group and 88.33% for Tamoxifen citrate group in treating endometriosis. The pregnancy rates were 55.56% and 35.29%, respectively. The cure rates were 38.33% and 20.00%,respectively. There were significant differences between two groups in the cure rate (P

OBJECTIVE To study the roles of copper transporter 1 (CTR1 )and Cu2 + transporting ATPase αpolypeptide (ATP7A)in lead exposure-induced copper accu mulation and oxidative stress in rat C6 glio ma cells.METHODS Methyl thiazolyl tetrazoliu m (MTT)assay was performed to determine the proper Pb doses (without affecting cell viability)by treated the cells with lead acetate 0 -100 μmol·L -1 for 24 h and 48 h.Superoxide dis mutase (SOD)activity or malondialdehyde(MDA)level were detected respectively by xanthine oxidase technique and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method.Ato mic absorption spectrophoto metry was e mployed to determine the intracellular levels of Pb and Cu ions.Real-ti me quan-titative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of CTR1 and ATP7A, respectively.RESULTS The cell viability significantly decreased when the doses of Pb treat ment was higher than 10 μmol·L -1 ,so 10 μmol·L -1 was chosen as a working concentration of Pb exposure in this study.Co mpared with those in the normal controls,a moderately decreased T-SOD activity and an increased MDA level was determined in the cells treated with Pb 10 μmol·L -1 or Cu 5 μmol·L -1 alone, while a significant drop of T-SOD activity and a re markable increase of MDA level was found in the cells co-exposed to Pb and Cu (P<0.01 ).Pb exposure for 24 and 48 h increased the cellular Cu uptake by 1 .2 and 2.5 fold,respectively (P <0.01 ).Evidences fro m RT-PCR showed that Pb exposure for 24 and 48 h upregulated the CTR1 mRNA level by 23.2% and 58.7%,and downregulated the ATP7A mRNA level by 58.1 % and 50.0%,respectively.Results fro m Western blot confirmed that Pb exposure also resulted in an increased CTR1 expression and a decreased ATP7A expression at protein level (P<0.01 ).CONCLUSION Pb exposure lead to Cu accu mulation,by affecting the expression levels of CTR1 and ATP7A,and increased oxidative stress in C6 cells.

Objective Provided the basis on psychological treatment for the earthquake wounded, through investigated the psychological healthy condition of them in Yushu, Qinghai Province. Method To investigated the 102 cases earthquake wounded from 15 - 18 April 2010 who transported from Yushu, Qinghai to West China hospital of Sichuan University; Accept standard: The wounded (96 cases) who could cooperated this investigative; Adopted the Hamiton anxiety scale( HAMA) to had a review investigation for the wounded in the from of talk, and used the SPSS statistics software to have the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test and correlation analysis for the investigation data. Results There were 55 of the 96 cases have been confirmed anxiety, HAMA > 14 points; 16 cases had serious anxiety (HAMA > 29 points); The average score in all of them equal to (17.3 ±10.8) points. And there was a remarkable difference between male and female. The age is possible have related degree with the wounded anxious. What the main in their characteristics of them was Psychic anxiety. Conclusions There was apparent anxiety of them whom came from Yushu, Qinghai, and they needed proactive psychological treatment, female、 middle-aged and elderly need more.

Objective To investigate the relationship between genetic variants in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway genes and susceptibility of gastric cancer (GC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods The data of whole genome association studies of the high-risk population of GC and ESCC in China were analyzed by adaptive rank-truncated product (ARTP) method in pathway and gene level.The associations between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and susceptibility of GC and ESCC were analyzed with additive model of unconditional Logistic regressions.PLINK 1.07 and SPSS 19.0 software were performed for statistical analyses,and ARTP package in R3.0.2 was used for pathway and gene level analysis.Results In gene-level analyses,eight genes were found to be associated with susceptibility of GC (P ＜0.05) and six genes were associated with susceptibility of ESCC (P ＜ 0.05).In single SNP-level analyses,21 SNPs were statistically correlated with susceptibility of GC (P ＜ 0.01),and 11 SNPs were statistically correlated with susceptibility of ESCC (P ＜0.01).Conclusions Some genetic variants in TLR pathway are associated with risk of GC and ESCC.The potential molecular mechanisms need further investigation.

Objective To study the expression changes of CD54 and CD106 in peripheral blood lymphocyte in patients with congest heart failure. Methods With FCM technique, the levels of CD54 and CD106 in lymphocyte from patients with CHF were measured , and those of patients with hypertension , patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and normal controls were measured at the same time. Cardiac function during heart failure episodes and remission stage was monitored by Color Doppler Echocardiography. Results Levels of CD54 and CD106 were significantly elevated in patients with hypertension , patients with active CHF and hypertension , patients with inactive CHF and hypertension when compared with those of normal controls. Levels of CD54 and CD106 were significantly elevated in patients of dilated cardiomyopathy , patients with active CHF and dilated cardiomyopathy , patients with inactive CHF and dilated cardiomyopathy when compared with those of normal controls. Levels of CD54 and CD106 in patients of CHF were elevated with the degree of CHF. There was significantly negative correlation between LVEF and CD54 of CHF. Conclusions CD54 and CD106 may use as the marker to monitor the progress of CHF.

Objective To examine the relationship between hypercalcemia (HC) and the development of posttransplant erythrocytosis (PTE).Method 169 patients with normal graft function who underwent renal transplantation between January 1, 2012 and January 1, 2014 in 309th Hospital of PLA were retrospectively reviewed.Result 169 patients with normal graft function who underwent kidney transplantation for the first time in 309th Hospital from January 1, 2012 to January 1, 2014 were enrolled, including 121 males and 48 females.During the follow-up period, PTE appeared in 48 (28.4％) patients.Thirty-three (19.5％) patients developed HC, PTE occurred in 17/33 (51.5％) patients with HC, and in 31/136 (22.8％) patients without HC.PTE and HC were highly correlated (P＜0.001).Serum calcium levels tended to increase in patients with PTE, but significantly decreased in patients without PTE.HC patients had a higher probability of PTE (51.5％ vs.22.8％;P＜0.001).Similarly, HC was more common among patients with PTE compared with patients without PTE (35.4％ vs.13.2％;P＜0.001).Simple linear regression analysis showed that calcium concentration was independent predictor of hemoglobin levels (P＜0.01).In multivariate analysis, multiple linear regression model showed that the calcium concentration was still a significant predictor of hemoglobin levels (P＜0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of HC was an independent risk factor of PTE (P =0.01).Estimated glomerular filtration rate was also associated with PTE (P =0.012).As compared with women, the relative risk of men who had PTE was 4.373 times (P＜0.05).The risk of PTE in patients with HC was about five times higher than in patients with normal blood calcium.Conclusion HC is associated with PTE.HC may lead to the increased PTE in renal transplant recipients.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of multiple renal arteries on outcomes of renal donors and recipients in hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy.Method From 2012 to 2014,121 patients underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy,including 92 cases of a single renal artery and 29 cases of multiple arteries.Donor and recipient outcomes for single artery and multiple arteries allografts were compared.Result The study included 121 pairs of donors and recipients.The demographic characteristics between multiple renal artery group and single renal artery group had no significant difference.The operative time,blood loss,postoperative complications,and hospital stay had no significant difference between two groups.Cold ischemia time and warm ischemia time in multiple renal artery group were longer than single donor renal artery group (128.5 ± 13.2 vs.50.2 ± 17.3 min,P＜0.001;196.0 ± 63.3 vs.154.1 ± 55.2 min,P=0.002,respectively).The operative time in multiple renal artery group was longer than in single renal artery group (213.5 ± 28.2 vs.182.2 ± 31.1 min,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in blood loss,vascular complications and ureternal complications between two groups.The renal functions of two groups were likewise within one year.Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference in clinical efficacy between hand-assis-ted retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy with multiple renal arteries and single artery.The use of these grafts was safe for both recipients and donors.