Objective To investigate the value of left ventricular function in patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease(CPHD) using strain rate imaging (SRI).Methods This study included 64 patients with CPHD (30 patients with compensatory function and 34 with decompensatory function) and 30 normal control.Peak systolic strain rate (SRs),peak early diastolic strain rate (SRe) and peak late diastolic strain rate (SRa)of left ventricular basal and middle segments were measured,and then mean peak strain rate (mSR) was calculated.The above digital parameters were analyzed compared with the conventional echocardiographic indices.Results The indices (mSRs,mSRe,mSRe/mSRa)in CPHD were reduced and mSRa increased as compared with those in controls (all P=0.000).And the above indices showed the same change when decompensatory group was compared with compensatory group (P=0.000,0.038,0.015,0.001).Negative correlation was noted between LVEF and mSRs in patients with CPHD (r=0.75,0.82;P=0.000).Conclusions LVEF is negatively related with mSRs in CPHD patients.mSRs can reflect the status of left ventricular function.SRI is a more sensitive tool in quantitative evaluation of left function of CPHD.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of real-time three plane strain rate imaging of left atrial function in the patients with primary hypertension and coronary artery stenosis, and to evaluate its clinical application value.Methods:Total 82 patients with primary hypertension were selected and divided into primary hypertension group (EH group,n=42)and primary hypertension complicated with coronary artery stenosis group (EHCHD group,n=40).In addition,the physical examination people were selected as control group (n=42).All the subjects were examined by conventional echocardiography,and the left atrial function in real-time three plane strain rate imaging was analyzed.The parameters of conventional echocardiography and real-time three plane strain rate imaging were compared.Results:Compared with control group,the systolic left atrial mean peak strain rate (SRs),early diastolic left atrial mean peak strain rate (SRe)and SRe/SRa of the patients in EH group and EHCHD group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05);the atrial systolic mean peak strain rate (SRa)and Time-SRa in EH group and EHCHD group were significantly increased (P <0.05).Compared with EH group,SRs,SRe and SRe/SRa in EHCHD group were obviously decreased (P < 0.05 );SRa and Time-SRa were significantly increased (P <0.05).Conclusion:Real-time three plane strain rate imaging can easily and accurately analyze the left atrial function in the patients with essential hypertension and coronary artery stenosis,it is worth to popularize in clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effects of aristolochic acid on renal function and tissues morphology in rats.Methods Forty-six male Wistar rats were divided into the normal control group(n=20) and the tested group (n=26) at random.The tested group was treated with the extract of Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis(CAM) (aristolochic acid 20 mg?kg-1?d-1) by gastric gavage,the control group with the same volume of potable water.The body weight of rats was meausured weekly.At the end of 4th,8th,12th weeks,the 24-hour-urine were collected,and blood samples were taken from abdominal artery for detection of indexes of renal function.The pathological changes of renal tissues were also observed.Results The body weight increased slowly and urine volume increased in tested group.The urine albumin level and N-acetyl-?-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion increased significantly,and the ratio of serum creatinin and body weight increased progressively,indicating that renal function has been impaired.The renal pathological changes under light microscope were as follows:degeneration and necrosis of renal tubule in the early stage and serious tubular structure disorders of focal atrophy and interstitial inchoate fibrosis in the late stage.The changes of ultrastructure of renal tissues under the electronic microscope were as follows:obvious organelle impairment and nucleus variation,interstitial inchoate fibrosis occurring at the 8th week and fibrosis rate arriving 31.36 %at the 12th week.Conclusion Aristolochic acid in CAM has renal toxicity,which is shown as remarkably renal pathological changes,tubular-interstitial injury,interstitial inchoate fibrosis,and cell nuclear variation.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly people aged 60 and over in urban and rural areas of Guizhou Province. Methods:A total of 4535 residents aged 60 and over was selected by random cluster sampling in Giuyang City and Zheng'an County. All participants were interviewed with questionnaires, they also received physical examination for related information, and their cognitive function was assessed by the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Frisoni's criteria for MCI, the score of MMSE below one standard deviation matching age and education was used to this investigation. Chi-square test and u test were used in data analysis. Results: The total prevalence of MCI among all elderly people aged 60 years and over was 15.4%. Prevalence for urban community was higher than that of rural area (16.3% vs. 13.2%,?2=6.71, P=0.01). Prevalence in female (17.0%) was higher than in male (13.1%)(?2=12.88, P

Objective To investigate the radiographic body posture selection and improvement and it's application value.Methods We selected the uncommon postures optimal for radiographic diagnosis according to different body parts of compound injury patients,and offered the filming process and cautions of some improved postures in radiographic practice.Results Appropriate body posture,improved filming position and processes,optimized parameters of exposure,and the application of digital imaging devices could ensure the image quality of diagnosis.Conclusion Effective filming processes,improved body postures and variable digital devices should be selected in compound injury patients according to practical condition.

Objective To study ultrasonic parameters characteristics of lactation mastitis,breast cancer by using color doppler flow imaging(CDFI)and ultrasonic elastography(UE),and to explore its clinical value.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted in the clinical data of 85 female patients (a total of 85 breast lesions).All patients were confirmed by pathology,and according to the results of pathology,they were divided into non lactation mastitis group(group NLM,a total of 28 cases),breast cancer group(group Ca,a total of 57 cases).All patients accepted CDFI and UE before treatment,and compared ultrasound parameters between the two groups.Results The proportions of class 0~I(71.43%)and RI<0.7(82.14%)in group NLM were significantly higher than those in group Ca,while the proportions of classⅡ ~Ⅲ(28.57%)and RI≥0.7 (17.86%)were significantly lower than 75.44%,84.21% in group Ca(χ2 =17.185,35.217,all P<0.05).The UE ratings(1.75 ±0.97)and the strain rate ratio (1.64 ±0.83)in NLMgroup were lower than (4.19 ±0.74),(5.03 ±1.08)in group Ca(t=-12.873,-14.623,all P<0.05).The accuracy of CDFI +UE(89.41%)was higher than the accuracy of UE(76.47%)or the accuracy of CDFI(67.06%)(χ2 =12.337,P<0.05).Conclusion CDFI,UE have a certain diagnosis ability for non lactation mastitis and breast cancer,combining both can obtain better diagnostic value,which is worthy of clinical application.

In this paper we will discuss the architecture and functions of the VR vehicle for rehabilitation. There is no such report about this kind of VR vehicle for rehabilitation in open literature. Patients can select exercise modes for rehabilitation according to their individual health conditions. Patients can get rehabilitation faster and less painfully with the aid of this VR vehicle with which psychological treatment can be better introduced during the rehabilitation.

Objective To evaluate the sensitive indicator of left ventricular rotation/torsion assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (STI) and Logistic regression analysis,and to investigate the clinical value of the sensitive indicator for assessment of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with chronic cor pulmonale (CCP).Methods 36 patients with CCP (CCP group) and 38 healthy controls (control group) were included in this study.Imaging in parasternal short-axis view (in basal and apical level) were selected.Parasternal short-axis views at mitral valve and apical levels were collected.Basal peak rotation,apical peak rotation,peak torsion,basal end-systolic rotation,apical end-systolic rotation and end systolic torsion were measured with Echo PAC software.Relevant indicators of left ventricular rotation/torsion were selected by using logistic regression analysis and the regression equation was established.Optimal values of specific parameters (Peak torsion and end-systolic torsion) were calculated with receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results Specific parameters of rotation/torsion were significantly reduced in patients with CCP as compared with controls (all P＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that end-systolic torsion and peak torsion were correlated with CCP (OR=0.473 and 0.706,P=0.007 and 0.011).Cut-off value of peak torsion for predicting left ventricular dysfunction was 12.070°,the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.819 (95％ CI:0.683-0.956),the sensitivity was 84.6％,and the specificity was 73.9 ％.Cut-off value of end-systolic torsion for predicting left ventricular dysfunction was 10.680°,AUC was 0.875(95％CI:0.744 1.000),the sensitivity was 84.6％,and the specificity was 91.3％.Conclusions Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging can sensitively assess left ventricular torsion and evaluate the left ventricular dysfunction in patients with CCP.

Objective To compare the efficacy between the two-cuff swan neck catheter and the Tenckhoff catheter in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients prospectively. Methods One hundred and ten patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were selected as candidates, who received catheter implantation and CAPD therapy for the first time. Patients were divided into group A (swan neck catheter group) and group B (Tenckhoff catheter group), 55 patients for each group. Catheters of beth groups had a straight end and were implanted by routine surgical procedure. One-year follow-up was performed and information was recorded such as complications, survival time, quit of dialysis, death, etc. Survival analysis was carried out by Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank tests. Results At the end of follow-up, 17 patients died, 3 received renal transplantation, 8 were transferred to hemodialysis, 3 went to other hospitals, and 79 patients (71.8%) remained in our department for CAPD. Twenty-six patients of both groups had peritonitis with a total of 35 occurrences. The total incidence of peritonitis was 0.32 times/patient year, with the detailed figure of 0.35 times/patient year for group A and 0.29 times/patient year for group B respectively (P0.05). The time interval between the catheter implanting and the onset of peritonitis was (30±29) weeks and (29±24) weeks for group A and group B respectively (P0.05). The risk of developing peritonitis in both groups was 26.97% within 1 year. Tunnel infection occurred in 2 patients and exit-site infections in 9 patients of two groups. The incidence of tunnel plus exit-site infections was 0.1 times/patient year. Incidence of tunnel infection and the exit-site infection for group A was lower than that of group B (0 vs 0.036 times/patient year and 0.06 times/patient year vs 0.11 times/patient year respectively). However, the difference was not significant (P0.05). Mechanical complications of catheter (catheter migration, omcntum wrapping, leakage of peritoneal dialysates, slip out of outer cuff), incidence of inguinal hernia and bellyache between two groups were not significantly different (P0.05). There were 4 cases of catheter drawing in each group. Both two groups had the same 12-month technical survival rate as 92.73%. Of 17 dead cases, 7 were in group A and 10 in group B (P0.05). The main death causes were cardiocerebral events (47.1%) and infections (23.5%). The 12-month survival rate was 86.34% for group A and 80.68% for group B (P0.05). Conclusions There are no significant differences of infection, mechanical complications, technical survival rate and patients' survival rate between two groups. The efficacy of swan-neck catheter is similar to Tenckhoff catheter in CAPD patients.

Objective There is a lack objective methods for the diagnosis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).This study aimed to investigate the influence of propofol or etomidate anes-thesia on the postoperative cognitive function and serum S 100βprotein level in infants . Methods This study included 100 hernia infants aged 1-3 years treated by laparoscopic herniorrhaphy under propofol (n=50) or etomidate anesthesia (n=50).At 1 day before and 3 days after surgery, we assessed the cognitive function of the patients using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development ( BSID-Ⅲ) and further divided each group into a POCD and a non-POCD sub-group based on the results of diagnosis made according to the Z-scores.Using ELISA, we measured the levels of the serum S100βpro-tein in the iliac venous blood drawn preoperatively ( T0 ) and before PACU ( T1 ) and compared them between the POCD and non-POCD groups. Results At 3 days after operation, POCD was observed in 10 cases (20.0%) in the propofol group and 9 cases (18.0%) in the etomidate group, with no statistically significant differences between the two (P>0.05).The level of the serum S100βprotein was markedly elevated in both the propofol and etomidate groups at T 1 as compared with that at T0(P<0.05), and so was it in the POCD in comparison with that in the non-POCD group (P<0.05), with no statistically significant differences between the two groups at T1(P>0.05).A significant correlation was found between the postoperative S 100βlevel and POCD at 3 days after surgery in both the propofol (r=0.842, P=0.001) and the etomidate group (r=0.821, P=0.001). Conclusion Propofol and etomidate anes-thesia can induce different degrees of postoperative decline of cognitive function in 1-3 years old infants .The post-anesthesia elevation of the serum S100βprotein level is positively correlated with early postoperative POCD and indicates various degrees of brain damage .