The impact factors were explored to determine the horizontal positional relationship between the umbilicus and the 2nd lumbar spinal process in adults and to verify the accuracy of the localization of Shenshu (BL 23) via the umbilicus. The position of the umbilicus and the 2nd lumbar spinal process was measured in 100 participants and the data were analyzed through SPSS 20.0 software. It was found that the umbilicus and the 2nd lumbar process were not positioned horizontally. The positional relationship of these two sites was not apparently correlated with gender, age, body weight, body height, BMI, waistline and discomfort of lumbar region. The umbilicus was commonly and posteriorly projected on the site between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebra. It is explained that the localization of Shenshu (BL23) via the umbilicus is not accurate.
Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbosacral Region ; anatomy & histology ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Umbilicus ; anatomy & histology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE Dynamics of serum and urine metabolites in hepatic injury rats induced by ethanolic extract from Rhizoma Dioscoreae Bulbiferae(RDB)was investigated by 1H-NMR-based metabo?nomic methods in order to discover early biomarkers of liver toxicity induced by RDB. METHODS Rats were ig adminisetred with RDB at a dose of 5 g·kg-1 for 28 d. Rats were sacrificed 3,7,14 and 28 d af?ter RDB administration,as well as after a recovery period,respectively. Blood was taken for routine bio?chemical analysis by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Liver/body mass indexes were calculated ,and liver pathological changes were observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Urine samples were collected before and 3,7,14 and 28 d after RDB administration,respectively,as well as after withdrawal. Metabo?nomic analysis was carried out for serum and urine samples. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were used for screening and identifiying early biomarkers. RESULTS Compared with the control group,total bilirubin (TB) and total cholesterol (TC) values were increased in 3-28 d in RDB group(P<0.05,P<0.01). Total bile acid(TBA)was elevated in 7-28 d (P<0.05,P<0.01). TB,TC and TBA became normal after discontinuation with RDB. There was no significant difference between RBD-treated group and control group in the activity of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase,and the content of glucose also was not different between the two groups. The ratio of liver/body mass was elevated at 3-28 d(P<0.01)but returned to normal after withdraval of RDB. The enlargement and necrosis of hepatocytes were observed 7 d after RDB administration,and lesion degree was aggravated with the extension of RDB delivery time. Meta?bonomic analysis showed that the serum lipids (low density lipoprotein/very low density lipoprotein (LDL/VLDL),glutamic acid,choline phosphate and glycerolphosphatecholine were increased in the early stage. Pyruvate and N-acetylglutamate were decreased in urine. These metabolites became normal 7 d after discontinuation with RDB. CONCLUSION The serum lipids (LDL/VLDL),glutamic acid,glycerol phosphate choline,as well as urine pyruvic acid salt and N-acetyl glutamate may be used as the early biomarkers for liver toxicity induced by RDB.

Background and purpose: Diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) can be used for magnetic resonance imaging systemic examination, especially in examing the metastatic lesions, lymph node and bone diseases, and the imaging result is similar with PET. This study aimed to evaluate the application value of magnetic resonance DWIBS and positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) on malignant metastatic diseases. Methods: Thirty-six patients confirmed with malignant tumors accompanying metastasis by the pathology of operation or biopsy underwent both DWIBS imaging and PET/CT, chi-square test and Kappa test were used for comparing the detection results of metastasis by these 2 imaging methods. Results:Among the 36 malignant tumor patients with 238 metastatic lesions, 218 (91.6%, 218/238) lesions in DWIBS and 209 (87.8%, 209/238) lesions in PET/CT were detected, with 200 lesions detected by the two methods simultaneously, and the concordance rate was 88.7%(211/238);but there was no statistical signiifcance between this two methods (χ2=1.843, P=0.157). Kappa test showed a fair concordance rate between DWIBS and PET/CT (P=0.000).There were different significance between DWIBS and PET/CT in detecting metastatic lesions of brain and bone (P=0.005 and 0.031);But there was no signiifcant differences (P=0.309 and 1.000) in detecting metastatic lesions of lymph nodes and liver. Conclusion:DWIBS could detect metastatic lesions effectively, and there is ifne consistency with PET/CT. DWIBS is more sensitive than PET/CT in detecting metastatic lesions of brain and bone, so DWIBS could be chosed for screening metastatic lesions according to the characteristics of different primary tumors.

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of the thumb dorsoradial flap and the greater thenar flap for coverage of thumb soft tissue defect,and to provide guidance on clinical selection of flaps.Methods From January,2013 to June,2014,23 thumb dorsoradial flaps and 20 greater thenar flaps were used to repair the soft tissues defects in thumbs and were followed up to compare the results.Patient satisfaction,cold intolerance scores,TAM of the reconstructed thumb,sensation (pain and temperature sensation,Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test,static two-point discrimination) and blood perfusion of the flaps were recorded and analyzed statistically.Results Thumb dorsoradial flaps group:patient satisfaction was (36.97 ± 7.70)％,cold intolerance score was 58.96 ± 12.47,TAM of the thumb was (87.57 ± 12.83)°,median Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test was 3.61mm,static two-point discrimination was (14.22 ± 2.84)mm,and blood perfusion was (98.41 ± 15.66) PU.Greater thenar flaps group:patient satisfaction was (50.00 ± 10.80)％,cold intolerance score was 60.45 ± 14.10,TAM of the thumb was (95.00 ± 14.58)°,median Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test was 4.31mm,static twopoint discrimination was (20.70 ± 2.56)mm,and blood perfusion was (104.74 ± 14.12)PU.The greater thenar flap had a larger degree of satisfaction than the dorsoradial flap (P ＜ 0.05).Both pain and temperature sensation of the flap were regained in all cases,but the dorsoradial flap presented better Semmes-Weinstein monofilament score and static two-point discrimination(P ＜ 0.05).No differences were found regarding TAM of the thumb,cold intolerance score and blood perfusion of the flap (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The dorsoradial flap is suitable for repairing the thumb pulp defect due to its good sensation.For the small defect of non-functional dorsal area,the greater thenar flap will be a satisfactory method.

Background and purpose:Diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) can be used for MR imaging systemic examination, especially the lymph node and bone diseases can be clear, and the imaging result is similar with PET. The aim of this study was to compare the value of clinical application in the diagnosis of malignant metastatic osteopathic between DWIBS and bone scintigraphy mapping. Methods:Thirty-six specimens conifrmed with malignant tumors by the pathology of operation or biopsy underwent both DWIBS imaging and bone scintigraphy mapping, chi-square test was used for comparing the detection results of bone metastasis by this two imaging methods. Results:Thirty (165 positions in all) of 36 malignant tumor patients were conifrmed as having bone metastasis, compared that 26 patients (143 positions) with DWIBS method and 23 patients (132 positions) with bone scintigraphy mapping were detected, but there was no statistical signiifcance between this two imaging methods (χ2=1.002, P=0.506). The sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV) and accuracy of the detection rate of bone metastasis were similar in DWIBS and bone scintigraphy, with 86.7%, 96.3%, 86.1%and 76.7%, 88.5%, 72.2%, respectively;but the speciifcity and negative predictive value (NPV) in DWIBS (83.3%and 55.6%) was higher than that of in bone scintigraphy (50.0%and 30.0%). The detection rates of different bone metastasis with DWIBS and bone scintigraphy were 86.7%(143/165) and 80.0%(132/165), and it was no signiifcant difference (χ2=2.640, P=0.104);DWIBS method was better than bone scintigraphy in the detection of osseous metastasis on pelvis and limbs long bone, and there was different signiifcant (χ2=6.783 and 7.636, P=0.023 and 0.016). Conclusion:DWIBS could detect bone metastatic lesions effectively, and there is ifne consistency with bone scintigraphy. Therefore, DWIBS is to hope to be extended and applicated clinically.

Objective .To prove aristolochic (AA) caused vascular endothelial cells (VEC) injury via intracellular calcium overloa-ding and investigate the mechanism of calcium dobesilate antagonism. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured in vitro, and randomly divided into three groups: Control group, AA group, intervention group. Microscope and transmission elec-tron microscopy were used to observe changes of cell morphology and ultrastructure. ELISA method were applied to determine thrombomedu-lin (TM) in cell culture supernatant, fluorescent indicator FLuo-3/AM and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]. Results TM val-ue and average [Ca2+] i of AA group were significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the AA group, when the concentration of calcium dobesilate was 25 μM or 50 μM, TM value and average [Caz +] significantly decreased in intervention group (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, endoplasmic reticulum was pool expansion shaped, and mitochondrial cristae was absent in AA group cells. Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria patterns in the intervention group cells showed some improvement, compared with AA group. Conclusion AA induced VEC calcium overloading, 'I'M secretion and injury of endothelial ceils, endoplasmic reticulum and mito-chondria destruction. Dabesilate calcium could protect endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria and reduce AA induced VEC calcium over-loading, and these could protect VEC.

Objective To evaluate the treatment effect of hand reconstruction with bilateral multiple toe transplantation. Methods There are four schedules as follow applied in 102 cases: (1) bilateral second toes to thumb and index finger transplantation in 86 cases; (2) wrap-around flap to thumb and second toe on opposite side to index or middle finger transplantation in 11 cases; (3) wrap-around flap to thumb and bilateral second toes to index and middle fingers transplantation in 8 cases; (4) bilateral wrap-around flap to bilateral thumb and second toe to index finger transplantation in 1 case. Results All reconstructed finger survived in 102 cases except for partial wrap-around flap necrosis in one case and second toe in two cases. Sixty-two patients got more than one-year following up. Two points discrimination in reconstructed finger was between 8 to 14 mm in all cases. The reconstructed finger grew synchronously with toe among children. Thumb opposition function recovered in all cases except for one case. Donor site: no limp or hallux eversion observed in all cases. Conclusion There is less damage on foot and most hand function recovery using bilateral multiple toe transplantation to repair hand or multiple fingers defect.

The surveyof the situation of medical treatment for foreign students in Chongqing shows that there are certain problems in schools,hospitals and students etc.To strengthen the public health building,to improve conditions of medical services,to provide the necessary guide for medical treatment,and to enhance foreign students'self-adaptive capacities and so on may help solve these problems and improve the foreign students'health quality.

Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor has become a new drug for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that the mechanism of PCSK9 in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is very complex, which is closely related to the increase of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, foam cell formation and vascular smooth muscle cell calcification, which will help us better understand the " multiple effects" of PCSK9 inhibitors. This review aims to analyze the research status of PCSK9 in molecular structure, cell function and cardiovascular disease treatment, which will further consolidate the success of new treatment strategies for atherosclerosis.

Objective To investigate genetic polymorphisms of HPRTB, DXS6803 and DXS6809 STR loci in Tianjin Han female population, and to provide experimental data in the prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidies accurately and rapidly. Methods A total of 150 blood samples were collected in Tianjin Han population. QF-PCR and capillary electrophoresis were used in this study. The relevant data were analyzed by ABI Prism GeneMapper v3.0 software. Two homozygotes were se?lected from each locus for sequencing. The frequencies of the genotypes were checked using Chi-square test to verify Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Data of genetic polymorphisms were calculated by PowerStatsV12 software. Results A total of 150 samples were successfully amplified in 24 hours. The 10, 6 and 10 alleles and 22, 12 and 29 genotypes were found respec?tively in HPRTB, DXS6803 and DXS6809 loci. The most common alleles were 14, 13 and 14. The higher frequencies of gen?otypes were 14-14, 12-13 and 13-14. No significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed in these three STR loci (χ2=10.554, 5.783 and 15.355, respectively, P>0.05). Values of He were 0.748, 0.649 and 0.806 for these three STR loci respectively. Values of Ho were 0.607, 0.700 and 0.713 respectively. Values of PIC were 0.706, 0.599 and 0.775 respectively. Values of PD were 0.894, 0.814 and 0.931 respectively. And values of PE were 0.299, 0.428 and 0.449 respectively. Conclusion HPRTB, DXS6803 and DXS6809 STR loci were highly polymorphic, which are favorable genetic markers on chromosome X and can be used in rapid prenatal genetic diagnosis.