Objective To study the change of regular semen parameters in infertile patients with simple low-pH semen before and after symptomatic treatment.Methods A total of 100 male infertility patients were recruited in the study,and were divided into two groups according to the pH range:patients group Ⅰ(n=40)and patients group Ⅱ(n=60);The two patients groups were tea-ted for low pH semen.When the first and second course of treatment were finished,semen pH values and conventional semen pa-rameters were tested and compared with those before treatment and control group.Results When the first course of treatment were finished,semen pH value of 75%(30/40)patients in group Ⅰ reached normal range,compared with the control group,the semen parameters were statistically different(P <0.05);Semen pH value of 85%(51/60)patients in group Ⅱ reached normal range,com-pared with the control group,the semen parameters were all statistically different(P <0.05).When the second course of treatment were finished:semen pH value of 80%(32/40)patients in group Ⅰ reached normal range,compared with control group,the semen parameters and pH values were not statistically different(P >0.05);Semen pH value of 90%(54/60)patients in group Ⅱ reached normal range,compared with the control group,the semen parameters and pH values were not statistically different(P >0.05 ). Conclusion The semen quality improved after the symptomatic treatment for low semen pH value and its an effective therapeutic approach for infertile patients with simple low-pH semen.

Objective:To improve students' knowledge and skills of AIDS prevention,analyze the effect of interactive peer education,and explore effective ways to carry out peer education.Methods:From September 2015 to May 2016,the freshmen in one college of Xi'an were investigated of AIDS knowledge,attitude and behavior using questionnaire as baseline data.Seven hundred peers of them received education with the methods of brainstorming,group discussion and questions,and case analysis.Then a questionnaire survey was conducted again to evaluate the effect of peer education.Results:After the intervention peer education,the scores of basic AIDS knowledge,prevention knowledge,relevant attitude and the rate of positive behavioral selection were significantly increased (P ＜0.05).Approximately 92.50％ of the students thought that having sex with only one partner can reduce the spread of AIDS and 81.76％ of the students were willing to help AIDS patients.Conclusions:Interactive peer education for college students has a good applicability,the effect is remarkable,and it is worth popularizing in colleges.

Background Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a common pathological basis of many ocular fundus diseases.Some treating methods are proved to be effective on CNV but there exist their own shortages.Celecoxib can inhibit experimental neovescularization.Sustained release drug of celecoxib and application approach can offer a basis for the therapy of CNV.Objective This study was to evaluate the sustained release ability of celecoxib-poly lactide-co-glycolide microsphere (CEL-PLGA-MS) in vitro and its inhibitory ability on experimental CNV in vivo.Methods CEL-PLGA-MS was prepared by Hebei Medical University and examined under the scanning electron microscope.The size of CEL-PLGA-MS was measured by Laser Particle Size Analyzer.The drugloading in vitro releasing was monitored by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC).Experimental CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation of retina in the right eyes of 72 male brown Norway (BN) rats and then were randomized into the CEL-PLGA-MS group,celecoxib group,blank PLGA group and PBS group.CEL-PLGA-MS with 320 μmol/L celecoxib,80 μmol/L celecoxib,blank PLGA microspheres solution and 0.01 mol/L PBS was intravitreally injected separately according to the grouping.CNV was assessed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) on the 14th day after injection.The fibrovascular proliferation (FVP) thickness at photocoagulation spots was measured by OCT.The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid-sclera sections were prepared for the histopathologieal examination of FVP.On the 7th and 28th day after intravitreal injection,the relative expression levels of VEGF mRNA and COX-2 mRNA in the photocoagulation area were detected by reverse transcription PCR (RTPCR).The use and feeding of the experimental animals were followed by the ARVO statement.Results CELPLGA-MS showed the spherical shape with the mean size of 2 467.9 nm and the drug-loading of 7.77％ and the drugrelease rate of 80.91％ in vitro for 45 days.It presented the controllable release characteristics.CEL-PLGA-MS agglomerated in vitreous body after injection.On the 14th day after intravitreal injection,the mean FVP thicknesses were (94.67±4.64),(98.56±4.72),(71.00±4.77),(50.44±3.01) μm in the blank PLGA microspheres group,PBS group,celecoxib group and CEL-PLGA-MS group,respectively,showing significant increases in mean FVP thickness in the blank PLGA microspheres group and PBS group compared with the celecoxib group and CEL-PLGAMS group (all at P＜0.01),and the CEL-PLGA-MS group appeared a lower mean FVP thickness value than the celecoxib group (P＜0.01).FFA revealed a large number of strong hyperfluorescences at the photocoagulation area in the rat eyes of the blank PLGA microspheres group and PBS group;while only weak hyperfluorescences were seen in the eelecoxib group and CEL-PLGA-MS group.Histopathological examinations verified the same results in the FVP thickness to OCT image.The relative expression levels of COX-2 mRNA and VEGF mRNA in the RPE-choroid-sclera were all significantly elevated in the blank PLGA microspheres group compared with the celecoxib group and CELPLGA-MS group both on the 7th and 28th day after intravitreal injection (all at P＜0.01).On the 7th day after injection,the relative expression levels of COX-2 mRNA were lower on the 7th day and the relative expression levels of COX-2 mRNA and VEGF mRNA were higher on the 28th day in the celecoxib group in comparison with the CEL-PLGA-MS group (all at P＜0.01).Conclusions CEL-PLGA-MSs are even in size with the spherical shape and controllable release characteristics in vitro.CEL-PLGA-MS can inhibit experimental CNV and was more durable effective than celecoxib after intravitrea] injection.

Background The residual astigmatism following Toric intraocular lens (IOL) rotation have received much attention.However,the variation of the optical performance and the wavefront abrrveation with Toric IOL rotation are unclear.Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the optical performance,wavefront abrrveation and residual diopter spherical and cylinder lens with Toric IOL rotation.Methods T3,T4 and T5 Toric IOLs of +22.0 D were placed in Hwey-Lan Liou model eye respectively,with the posterior surface flat on the X axis and steep on the Y axis.Corneal astigmatism model was established by mimicing the model eye with Toric IOL using Zemax optical software.Then the Toric IOLs were rotated 5° to 10° individually under the 4 mm pupil diameter and 550 nm monochromatic light,and the image performance and wavefront abrrveation were recorded with all conditions,including modulation transfer function (MTF),out-of-focus aberration,astigmatism aberration,coma,trefoil aberration and spherical aberration.The refractive error of spherical power and cylinder power were calculated.Results Corneal astigmatism was fully corrected when Toric IOLs in the middle,and the MTF curves were near in T3,T4,T5 Toric IOLs.The image performance was worse under the high spatial frequency with the increase of rotation degrees of Toric IOLs,showing the gradually low of MTF curves,especially T5 Toric IOL.No obvious changes was seen in coma,trefoil aberration and spherical aberration after rotation of Toric IOLs,while out-of-focus aberration,astigmatism aberration were obviously increased.In addition,residual astigmatism and spherical error increase with the rotation of Toric IOLs.Conclusions Toricl IOL rotation leads to increase of astigmatism and spherical refractive error but not high order aberration.

Objective To summarize clinical outcomes of interventional therapy on children with common congenital heart diseases(CHD).Methods A retrospective study was conducted.One hundred and fourteen patients with CHD were selected as our subjects,who underwent catheter interventional therapy in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Jan.2004 and Dec.2012.The size of occluder was chose according to intraoperative echocardiography or cardiac imaging measurements,and occluder was released under assisted monitoring by subtraction angiography or cardiac ultrasound.Results There are all together 112 patients got the therapy successfully,2 cases failed(occluder detachment),and the success rate of operation was 98.2％.After the success of interventional,echocardiography examination showed that 11 cases were with star point across shunt,but the function of the around valve was not affected.One months after operation,echocardiography examination showed star point across shunt of 11 cases were disappeared,and no occluder was shifted as well as no thrombosis formed.Three months after operation,chest radiograph showed pulmonary congestion decreases and heart shadow was shrink.Thirty-eight cases were with three tricuspid regurgitation before operation and 32 cases were without reflux at 3 months after operation,and 6 cases relieved significantly.The patients were followed up for 6 months or 3 years,activity endurance was significantly improved than that before operation.No occluder was shiftand hemolysis and arrhythmia occurred.Meanwhile,No thrombosis or embolism occurred.Conclusion Interventional treatment for children with congenital heart disease is proved as a safe,effective methods and it have broad prospects in clinical application.

OBJECTIVE Toprepareapolyclonalantibodyforspindlin1protein,anovelcancer related protein,and to provide the data for a better understanding of its functions and screening tu mor. METHODS Purifiedspindlin1proteinwasinjectedintorabbitstoproducethepolyclonalantiserumafter removing glutathione S-transferase (GST)from the fusion protein spindlin 1-GST that was expressed in Escherichia coli..The antiserum was purified through the Hitrap Protein A system,and the titer of spin-dlin 1 polyclonal antibody was detected by ELISA.The specificity of the polyclonal antibody was deter-minedbyWesternblottingandimmunohistochemistry.RESULTS Thetiterofspindlin1polyclonalanti-body was 1∶2000.Western blotting detection demonstrated that the spindlin 1 polyclonal antibody recog-nized myc-spindlin 1 reco mbinant fusion protein in HeLa cells transfected with pAdeasy-myc-spindlin 1 , which also corresponded with Myc.antibody.The HeLa cells were transfected with enhanced green fluo-rescence protein (EGFP)and spindlin 1 vector(pEGFP-C3-spindlin 1 ),which was confirmed by the in-dependent GFP fluorescence assay.The results of immunohistochemistry detection with the spindlin 1 polyclonal antibody suggested that spindlin 1 was mainly expressed in the nuclei of HeLa cells.More i m-portantly,in i mmunohistoche mical assays,the spindlin 1 antibody recognized nuclear spindlin 1 expres-sioninclinicalovariancancertissues.CONCLUSION Thespecificspindlin1polyclonalantibodyispre-pared,which may be used to detect cancer-related protein spindlin 1 in HeLa cells and ovarian cancer tissues.

We report a woman with twin pregnancy who suffered from repeated late postpartum hemorrhage at 16 days and 22 days after a cesarean section. Tortuous myometrial vessels with significant flow signal on the uterus were discovered through color Doppler ultrasonography. In both occasions, vaginal bleeding was reduced after uterotonic administration, and Doppler ultrasound found gradually narrowed tortuous tubular myometrial vessels and no further massive vaginal bleeding. Regular Doppler ultrasonography follow-up is of vital importance for the diagnosis and monitoring of recurrent late postpartum hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of cognitive functions with gender, age, education and polymorphism of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene in healthy adults.

METHODSFour hundred and fifty-five healthy participants have completed 3 cognitive function tests including Tower of Hanoi (TOH), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Trail Making Test (TMT). Peripheral blood samples were collected from all participants, and genomic DNA was extracted according to a standard phenol-chloroform procedure. Rs3758653 in the promoter region of the DRD4 gene was genotyped using Illumina GoldenGate genotyping assay.

RESULTSMales have performed better than females in terms of TOH executive time and TOH total score, but did worse in TOH planning time. Most of the measured cognitive domains were affected by age and education. Cognitive ability has decreased along with increased age and decline of educational years. The polymorphism of rs3758653 has mainly correlated with the TOH executive time. Compared with A allele carriers, G allele carriers did worse in TOH executive time.

CONCLUSIONGender, age, education and the rs3758653 polymorphism of the DRD4 gene play an important role in cognitive functions in healthy adults.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Cognition ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Dopamine D4 ; genetics ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult

Astragali radix(AR,the dried root of Astragalus)is a popular herbal remedy in both China and the United States.The commercially available AR is commonly classified into premium graded(PG)and ungraded(UG)ones only according to the appearance.To uncover novel sensitive and specific markers for AR grading,we took the integrated mass spectrometry-based untargeted and targeted metabolomics ap-proaches to characterize chemical features of PG and UG samples in a discovery set(n=16 batches).A series of five differential compounds were screened out by univariate statistical analysis,including arginine,calycosin,ononin,formononetin,and astragaloside Ⅳ,most of which were observed to be accumulated in PG samples except for astragaloside Ⅳ.Then,we performed machine learning on the quantification data of five compounds and constructed a logistic regression prediction model.Finally,the external validation in an independent validation set of AR(n=20 batches)verified that the five com-pounds,as well as the model,had strong capability to distinguish the two grades of AR,with the pre-diction accuracy＞90％.Our findings present a panel of meaningful candidate markers that would significantly catalyze the innovation in AR grading.

Objective To focus on how to bring the international teaching methods, assessment methods and indicators of the rehabilitation clinical practice on the basis of the local conditions.Methods By analyzing the problems found in the years of clinical teaching, and combining with research status home and abroad, the clinical teaching standards of WCPT were analyzed, and the design of establishing international standard rehabilitation practical base in local area was proposed. This paper discussed and shared our learning and suggestion in practice.Results This paper solved a series of issues of this clinical practical base, such as positioning, training methods and assess, and broke the traditional teaching mode of emphasizing pedagogical part.Conclusion It is very important to strengthen the skills training, improve the assessment system, and establish multiple assessment ways to clinical skills.