Objective To examine whether hair cell immunophenotypes could be derived from the central nervous system (CNS). Methods We established cell cultures from embryonic day 14.5 fetal mouse brain tissues, and analyzed changes in immunohistochemical features of the CNS cell cultures by induction of differentiation.with FGF-2 and EGF.Results The results of this study showed that neural progenitors obtained from fetal rat CNS generated hair cell immunophenotypes with expression of epitopes of hair cell marker proteins myosin VIIa in vitro.Conclusion These findings indicate that immature neural progenitors possess the potential to differentiate into hair cell phenotypes. Immature neural progenitors may be useful as materials for cell transplantation therapy for replacement of damaged inner ear hair cells. Key words: central nervous system, hair cell, immunohistochemical,immunophenotype, transdifferentiation.

Objective To observe the changes in electrophysiology and ultramicrostructureafter noise exposure in cochlea of guinea pigs. Methods Thirty animals were divided into 4 groups:group 1 was normal animals,while group 2,3 and 4 were animals of 0.5 hours,7 days and 3 weeks after exposed to noise of 120 dB SPL for 2 hours, respectively.The ABR and 40 Hz-AERP were measured before and after exposure. The hair cells were observed by scanning electron microscope.Results The amplitudes of ABR and 40 Hz-AERP disappeared right after noise exposure, however,they returned to normal 7 days and 3 weeks later . The scanning electron microscopy showed the stereocilia of the hair cells were disarranged and some disappeared at the second and fourth circle of the cochlea . The changes of the pathology at the fourth circle were more serious than that of the second circle. Conclusion The stereocilia of the hair cells had recovered after noise exposure.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the practical application of fluorescence quantitative reverse tran-scription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the live-attenuated mumps vaccine manufacturing. METHODS:A regression equation of standard titer-ct value was established;micro cytopathic effect(micro-CPE)and fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR were respectively adopted for the titer of 10 batches of single harvest liquid of live-attenuated mumps vaccine and end products,and the results were compared. RESULTS:According to the t-test analysis,the P were respectively 0.743 and 0.868,and the average val-ues were in the range of (-0.174,0.094) and (-0.113,0.153),with no significant differences. They were similar. CONCLU-SIONS:Fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR can be used for the titer detection of single harvest liquid and end products in the pro-cess of live-attenuated mumps vaccine manufacturing. And it is expected to further upgrade to Chinese Pharmacopoeia method.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of CO-2 laser treatment for patients with precancerous laryngeal lesions.Methods Ninety-four patients with precancerous laryngeal lesions were treated by endoscopic CO-2 laser operation from 2001 to 2006.87 males and 7 females patients had ages between 18 and 85.Results For a follow up ranging from 6 month to 5 years,the outcomes of 81 patients(81/94,86.2%) were successful only through one operation while 10 cases(10/94,10.6%)received more than two operations.The lesions for 3 patients(3/94,3.2%) were found to have turned out malignant at a later stage.Conclusion The carbon dioxide laser has proved valuable in treating patients with precancerous laryngeal lesions.

Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Laryngectomy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Postoperative Period ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; secondary

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To assessment the effect of autologous mastoid cortical bone to cover the mastoidetomy defect via transmastoid and posterior tympanotomy approach surgical technique during cochlear implantation in a ‐dults .Methods A total of 58 adults patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss accepted cochlear implantation from January 2010 and June 2014 ,which were using autologous mastoid cortical bone to cover the mastoidetomy de‐fect via transmastoid and posterior tympanotomy approach surgical technique .By observing postoperation complica‐tion the effect of surgery was evaluated .ABR were obtained for each patients at first ,third and sixth month after op‐eration .The patients which were not using autologous mastoid cortical bone to cover the mastoidetomy defect via transmastoid and posterior tympanotomy proach surgical technique acted as control group .Results No depression was found in the postauricuhtr site .None of the patients had experienced any immediate or delayed postoperative in ‐fection complication such as wound infection ,post - auricular abscess ,acute otitis media ,chronic otitis media ,in‐tracranial complication and necrotic of cortical bone .Autologous cortical bone cap had grew together with remnant cortical bone in all cochlear implantation patients .All implanted processor were in a good position ,all patients had good results after turning on the implant .The ABR thresholds were elevated about 70 dB compare to pre - operation values(P< 0 .05) .There was no significant difference compare to control group (P> 0 .05) .Conclusion The tech‐nique of autologous mastoid cortical bone to cover the mastoidetomy defect in cochlear implantation surgery can pre ‐vent depression of the postauricuhtr site ,remain stability of the implanted processor ,and have a good aided hearing thresholds after operation .

OBJECTIVE To study the causes of recurrence and treatment methods in patients with recurrent sinonasal melanoma. METHODS From 1993 to 2003, a retrospective analysis of consecutive 11 cases with recurrent sinonasal melanoma was conducted. RESULTS Four out of the 11 cases with recurrent sinonasal melanoma were caused by misdiagnosis, while the other 7 cases recurred after operation with pathological diagnosis. Among the 7 cases, 5 were found recurrences after operation alone, and the other 2 after the operation and radiation therapy. The recurrence lesions located in nasal and paranasal sinus in 7 cases, in orbit, skull base, soft and hard palate in 1 case, in parotid gland and skin in 1 case. In face, orbit and extended skull base in 1 case. Cervical lymph node recurrence developed in 1 patient. The time of first relapse was 10 months after therapy. The 1-, 2-and 3-year survival rates after reoperation were 72.7 %, 18.2 % and 9.1 % respectively. CONCLUSION The reasonable treatment and decrease the misdignosis are the main measures to improve the cure rate of recurrent sinonasal melanoma.

Objective To study changes of auditory brainstem response and expression of glutamate decar-boxylase-67(GAD67) in the auditory cortex in rats following noise exposure .Methods Rats were exposed to a-bove 4 kHz ,100 dB SPL white noise for 2 hours ,then auditory brainstem responses were measurey immediately , and at the 7th and 14th day post-exposure ,and marked GAD67-positive neurons in auditory cortex with immuno-histochemical techniques ,compared with the expression of GAD67 of exposed group to the control .Results ①The auditory threshold for clicks in all rats exposed to noise showed an initial threshold shift ,returned to near control levels at the day 14 .②GAD67-positive neurons 2~4 hours post-exposure increased by 105% than those of in the control group (P<0 .01) ,Then ,at the 7th and 14th day in exposed group were significantly lower than those of in the control group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion These studies describe a temporary threshold shift and increase markers for GAD67 immediately following acoustic exposure ,followed by a decline to below control levels .It may be closely related to noise deafness and other series of auditory dysfunction .

Objective To establish method for the fingerprint of Radix et Rhizoma Gentianae using UFLC with the hierarchical cluster analysis.Methods Column:Shimadzu C18(3.0 mm?75 mm,1.7 ?m);mobile phase:Acetonitrile-0.4% phosphorylation(5.5∶94.5);flow rate:0.8 mL/min;detection wavelength:240 nm;temperature:40 ℃.Results This method had a good linearity in the range of 0.154 8—1.858 mg/mL,and the average recovery was 102.09% with RSD of 1.68% for swertiamarin.It had a good linearity in the range of 0.322—5.152 mg/mL,and the average recovery was 103.80% with RSD of 1.11% for gentiopicroside.The RSD of precision and reproducibility were lower than 2.1%.The result of fingerprint studying was the same with the hierarchical cluster analysis.Conclusion This method can be used as standardized implantation and quality control of Radix et Rhizoma Gentianae.