Aiming at the missing links in traditional models of ideological and political course in medical colleges of our country,we built the3+3+3model teaching paradigm,and selected students of medical laboratory and pharmaceutical profession as the research object to put this mode into practice.We issued questionnaires and test to evaluate teaching effect.The study showed that this model could make up for the loss of traditional teaching pattern,which verified the effectiveness and the significance of the teaching reform.The shortcomings as well as its future direction was also made clear.

Ten dogs were divided into 2 groups and absolute ethanol was injected into the renal artery and its branches respectively. The kidneys injected were resected by stages and examined pathologically. The results showed that coagulative necrosis developed in the renal artery and kidney itself. In the group whose branches of the renal artery were injected there was a clear demarcation line between the necro-tic and the normal areas. The thrombus formed secondary to necrosis might worsen the blockage of the renal artery. The clinical observations on the renal artery injected with absolute ethanol in 15 cases showed that the method of absolute ethanol injection was better than any other methods or drugs for the renal artery. The injection was safe, convenient and more favourable to the prevention of the spread of cancer cells.

Aim To establish a hepatic carcinoma cell line with stable voltage-gated chloride channel 3 ( ClC-3 ) gene silencing through the lentivirus-mediated short-hairpin RNA ( shRNA ) method and investigate the effects of gene silencing on invasion and migration. Methods Three lentiviral vectors coding shRNA tar-geting ClC-3 gene were constructed, the recombinant plasmids were packaged into mature lentivirus by 293FT cells, and then the lentiviruses were harvested, concentrated and titrated. MHCC97H cells were infec-ted with the recombinant lentiviruses and then were se-lected to obtain cell lines stably expressing ClC-3 shR-NA. The efficiency of ClC-3 mRNA and protein ex-pression interference were determined by real-time flu-orescence quantitative PCR and Western blot, respec-tively. The effects of ClC-3 gene interference on inva-sion and migration of MHCC97 H cells were performed by Transwell chamber assays with or without Matrigel and cell scratch assay. Results The recombinant lentiviral vectors were successfully constructed and four lentiviruses were acquired after packaged by 293 FT cells. One negative control cell line and three cell lines with ClC-3 gene interference ( MHCC97 H/shClC-3-1 , shClC-3-2 and shClC-3-3 ) were successfully construc-ted after MHCC97 H cells were infected with lentivirus-es. The expression level of ClC-3 mRNA and protein in three ClC-3-silenced cells were obviously lower than the negative control cells ( P <0. 01 ) , MHCC97 H/shClC-3-2 cells showed the greatest inhibition of ClC-3 mRNA and protein expressions. As compared with the negative control cells, the ClC-3 gene interference sig-nificantly decreased invasion and migration of MH-CC97 H cells in vitro ( P <0. 01 ) . Conclusion The hepatic carcinoma cell lines with stable ClC-3 gene si-lencing were successfully established and the ClC-3 gene interference could significantly inhibit invasion and migration of MHCC97H cells.

Objective:To explore the influence of Shenhong Tongluo Granules in the lipid levels,atherosclerosis plaques and apoptosis in the plaques of atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knokout mice,and to clarify the mechanism of Shenhong Tongluo Granules in anti-atherosclerosis.Methods:Forty SPF male mice aged six-week old were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,low dose of traditional chinese medicine (TCM) group and high dose of TCM group (n=10)after fed adaptively for 1 week.The mice in normal control group were fed with normal diet continuously, the mice in other three groups were fed with high fat diet to establish atherosclerosis model,and then the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were respectively given Shenhong Tongluo Granules (5.06 and 10.12 g·kg-1 · d-1 )by gavage for 6 weeks. The levels of serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)of the mice in various groups were measured after the eyeball blood was collected.The aortic arch tissue was separated,and the morphotogy and the areas of atherosclerotic plaques were observed and calculated by HE staining;the apoptosis in plaques of the mice was evaluated by TUNEL method, and the apoptosis index was calculated. The expressions of apoptosis-assoicated gene Bcl-2 and Bax protein were measured by immunohistochemical staining.Results:The serum level of TG in low dose of TCM group was lower than that in model group (P <0.05);the serum levels of HDL-C in low and high doses of TCM groups were lower than that in model group (P <0.05 or P <0.01);the serum levels of TG and HDL-C in high dose of TCM group was higher than that in low dose of TCM group (P <0.05).The areas of atherosclerotic plaques of the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were significantly smaller than that in model group (P <0.01).The apoptosis index of mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were significantly lower than that in model group (P <0.01);the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein in atherosclerosis plaques of the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were lower than that in model group,while the expression levels of Bax were significantly higher than that in model group (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Conclusion:Shenhong Tongluo Granules could effectively reduce the serum lipid level of ApoE-/-mice,meanwhile it could inhibit apoptosis by regulating the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein,and then inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic plaques.

Objective Colorectal polyp is a precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer .Aim of the study was to explore the risk fac-tors of colorectal polyp malignant transformation .Methods The related information of 75 084 colonoscopies performed from 2003 to 2012 in Southwest Hospital in Chongqing were collected and the relationship between polyp malignant transformation and the pa-tient age ,sex ,polyp location ,size or histological types was analyzed .Results From 2003 to 2012 ,polyps were diagnosed in 14 806 cases of the total 75 084 patients with a 19 .72% detection rate .There were significant difference of the left-side and right-side pol-yp detection rate in different age groups ,and the frequency of polyps distributed in the whole colorectum increased with the increase of age .The rates of epithelial neoplasia and malignant transformation increased with age .At the same time ,malignant transforma-tion rate was significant higher in polyps located in left-side than that in right-side (P<0 .0167) ,in adenoma than that in inflamma-tory hyperplastic polyp (P<0 .01) .The larger diameter and the more villus ,the higher rate of malignant transformation .Conclusion Patient age ,polyp size ,location and histological type could be considered as the significant predictors of colorectal polyp malignant transformation .It may be useful to treat the polyp with endoscopy in patient with age more than 45 and adenoma whose diameter was not less than 1 cm ,located in left-side for prevention of colorectal cancer .

Objective To establish HPLC characteristic spectrum of Polygonum Capitatum from GAP planting base, and provide reference for the overall quality control of Polygonum Capitatum. Methods HPLC analysis was performed on a DiamonsiL C18 chromatographic column (250 mm× 4.6 mm, 5μm) with the eluting system of gradient consisted of methanol and 0.2% H3PO4. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was maintained at 25℃ and the detection wavelength was at 254 nm.Results HPLC characteristic spectrum of Polygonum Capitatum samples from 10 different areas was established, which contained 11 common peaks, and the similarities of comparative results were over 90%.Conclusion The established method can be used to determine the characteristic spectrum of Polygonum Capitatum and can provide a basis for the overall quality control and quality standards of Polygonum Capitatum.

BACKGROUND:Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)adopts heparin-coated oxygenator as key membrane oxygenation,which is a covalent bonding of artificial material surface with mucopolysaccharide on one side of heparin.Thas artificial materials can stimulate human vascular endothelial function partly,leading to decrease production of lactic acid,increase biocompatibility of the matedals,prevent thrombogenesis and relieve inflammatory reaction after operation.OBJECTIVE:To discuss the relationship between the plasma lactic acid level and the prognosis of patients after ECMO applied with heparin-coated oxygenator.DESIGN:Self-controlled clinical study,grouping by age and survival prognosis.SETTING:Department of Cardiopuimonary Bypass,Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.PARTICIPANTS:Forty patients received ECMO in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were selected from December 2004 to September 2006.They suffered from failing weaning of cardiopulmonary bypass postcardioctomy,cardiogenic shock based on dilated cardiomyopathy or cardiogenic shock based on coronary heart disease.All patients were divided into four groups according to age and survival prognosis:adult survival group,adult death group,infant survival group and infant death group.METHODS:All the patients received venoarterial ECMO support treatment.ECMO perfusion system consisted of centrifugal pump,water tank,heparin-coated membrane oxygenator(Jorstra Novalung,Germany)and corollary circuits (Bioline Coating,Germany,batch number:SFDA-I-20063450801).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The concentrations of lactic acid were measured at the ECMO institution,6 hours later,the median time at ECMO support,6 hours before weaning off and at the time of weaning.RESULTS:①In 26 patients of adult groups,20 of them(76.9%)weaned from ECMO,16 of them(61.5%)survived and 10 of them died.In 14 patients of infant groups,7 of them weaned from ECMO(50%),5 of them(35.7%)survived and 9 of them died.②The concentrations of lactic acid in two survival groups were significantly lower than those in death groups(P＜0.05 or 0.001).The concentration decreased significantly at the time points of median time,6 hours before weaning off and at the weaning time,compared with the level at the time of ECMO institution(P＜0.01),indicating a decreasing concentration of lactic acid.CONCLUSION:①The concentration of lactic acid in patients after ECMO decreascs obviously.②Patients with high lactate level at the weaning time show unfavourable prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the predictive accuracy of the SurgiCase CMF software in surgical simulation and prediction for mandibular asymmetry with 3-dimensional simulation and measurement.

METHODSCBCT data of 27 patients with mandibular asymmetry were observed in CMF, and postoperative soft tissue physiognomy were predicted by simulating sagittal ramus osteotomy with or without genioplasty. The measurement parameters representing the symmetry of soft tissue were selected and the horizontal, coronal and sagittal planes were established. The results were analyzed by SPSS 19. 0. The overlap compared color grading charts were observed.

RESULTSAngles between cheilions and the horizonta plane (Ch-Ch-FH) in the simulation and postoperative soft tissues are (2. 35 ± 1. 81)° and (1. 44 ± 1. 13)°. The angles constructed among subnasale, upper lip and lower lip (Sn-UL-LL) are (4. 02 ± 3. 05)° and (2. 59 ± 1. 64)°, showing statistically different (P < 0. 01, P < 0. 05), which means that predictive accuracy of the lip canting and lip vertical deviation is relatively low. Distance between gonioi and sagittal plane (Go'-MS), distance between gonion and pogonion (Go'-Pog') and angle betweer subnasale to menton and the horizontal plane (Sn-Me'-MS) are not statistically different, which mean! high predictive accuracy of mandibular angle and chin. By observing the overlap compared color gradin-) charts, the predictive accuracy is not good in the cheek, especially in the deviate side.

CONCLUSIONSThe predictive accuracy of CMF system for patients with mandibular asymmetry is relatively high, but it is not good in the lip and cheek. The software improvement is still necessary.

Cephalometry ; methods ; Chin ; anatomy & histology ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; methods ; Face ; Humans ; Lip ; anatomy & histology ; Mandible ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Software ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

In order to investigate the angiogenic effect of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), two parts of experiment were performed. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was used for in vivo angiogenic research. The chick embryos were divided into 4 groups: ICAM-1 group (divided into 3 subgroups, I, II and III) for screening the angiogenic effect of ICAM-1 by adding different concentrations of ICAM-1 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 microg/microL) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup; Anti-ICAM-1 group A (divided into 2 subgroups, I and II) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate the effect of ICAM-1 on the survival of microvessels through observing whether Anti-ICAM-1 could induce involution of the microvessels on CAMs; Anti-ICAM-1 group B (divided into 2 subgroups, I and II) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 6 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate whether ICAM-1 involved in embryonic angiogenesis through observing the growth of microvessels on CAMs; Control group: ICAM-1 or Anti-ICAM-1 was substituted by PBS 5 muL on the day 10 or day 6 after incubation. Three days later, the CAMs were photographed in vivo, excised, sectioned and the number of microvessels was counted. In ICAM-1 group, there was increased number of microvessels arranged radially with "spoked-wheel" pattern around the gelatin sponges. The new microvessels growing perpendicularly to gelatin sponges were observed. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in 3 subgroups was higher than that in control group (P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference among the 3 subgroups (P>0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group A, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of ICAM-1 group. Few new microvessels were detected in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in subgroup II was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the number of the microvessels around the sponges between subgroup I and control group (P>0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group B, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of control group. New microvessels were very scarce in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in the 2 subgroups were less than that in control group (P<0.01), and there was significant difference between the 2 subgroups (P<0.05). It was suggested that ICAM-1 could induce angiogenesis and support the survival of microvessels, and ICAM-1 was involved in embryonic angiogenesis.

Objective To explore the clinical related prognostic factors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in treating malignant hematological diseases. Methods From September 1997 to August 2008,a total of 26 patients with hematological diseases were treated with allo-HSCT from HLA identical-sibling and haplo-identical donors in our hospital, including 14 patients with acute leukemias,10 with chronic myeloid leukemias,and 2 myelodysplastic syndromes. Results All patients achieved sustained full donor type engraftment. The cumulative overall survival (OS) was 63.9 %,and cumulative disease free survival (DFS) was 62.6 %. Fifteen patients had graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (57.7 %),including 8 acute GVHD(aGVHD) (30.8 %) (grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD was 15.4 %) and 7 chronic GVHD. GVHD between HLA identical-sibling and haplo-identical donors was different and there was statistic difference between the two groups (P=0.014). 4 patients relapsed,7 patients died. The univariate analysis showed OS were correlated with grade Ⅳ aGVHD (P=0.05) and CMV infection (P=0.027). Conclusion Allo-HSCT is effective for the cure of patients with malignant hematological diseases. The key to improve the efficacy of HSCT is to reduce the incidence of transplant-related complications,especially GVHD and infection.