Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-? (PPAR-?) is a ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and participates in the regulation of various metabolic pathways as well as inflammatory responses. PPAR-? ligands significantly improve myocardial functional recovery and prevent ischemia-reperfusion induced injury. Given the increasing understanding of the cardioprotective effects of PPAR-? ligands,we know today that the therapeutic effects of PPAR-? ligands reach far beyond their use as insulin-sensitizers,as many of these agents exert beneficial effects in the conditions associated with ischemia-reperfusion and inflammation.

Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and participates in the regulation of various metabolic pathways as well as inflammatory responses. PPAR-γ ligands significantly improve myocardial functional recovery and prevent ischemia-reperfusion induced injury. Given the increasing understanding of the cardioprotective effects of PPAR-γ ligands, we know today that the therapeutic effects of PPAR-γ ligands reach far beyond their use as insulin-sensitizers, as many of these agents exert beneficial effects in the conditions associated with ischemia-reperfusion and inflammation.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of combined anesthesia of lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve and superior clunial nerve versus spinal-epidural analgesia in total hip replacement. Methods Fifty cases of total hip replacement were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in group A received combined anesthesia of lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve and superior clunial nerve,while patients in group B received spinal-epidural analgesia. Results There were no significant differences in preoperative HR, SBP,DBP and SpO2 between the groups(P > 0. 05). Compared with pre-anesthesia data,HR,SBP,DBP in group A were significantly lower during the anesthesia(P < 0. 05). In group B,there were no significant changes in HR,SBP,DBP and SpO2 during the anesthesia( P > 0. 05). Patients′ heart rate in group A showed significant changes compared with that in group B. The differences in HR,SBP and DBP between group A and B at the same time points were significant(P < 0. 05). Superior rate of anesthesia in group B is higher than that in group A(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Combined anesthesia of lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve and superior clunial nerve has limited influence on the circulatory and respiratory systems,which can be used for total hip replacement.

Objective To analyze the changes of serum amyloid A (SAA) ,C reactive protein (CRP) ,procalcitonin(PCT) and trypsin activated peptide(TAP) in the patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) ,and to evaluate the above 4 indexes combined detection in the diagnosis and treatment of AP .Methods The levels of SAA ,CRP ,PCT and TAP were detected in 21 cases of severe AP (SAP) and 49 cases of mild AP(MAP) .The detection results were compared with those in the healthy control group (n=50) .Re‐sults The levels of SAA ,CRP ,PCT and TAP had statistical differences between the patients with acute stage of SAP and MAP groups with the healthy control group(P<0 .01);the levels of SAA ,CRP ,PCT and TAP in the SPA group were significantly high‐er than those in the MAP group with statistical difference(P<0 .01) .The diagnostic efficiency of 4‐index combined detection was higher than that of single index detection .Conclusion The combined detection of SAA ,CRP ,PCT and TAP is conducive to early diagnosis and disease condition judgement of AP ,and has an important significance to the diagnosis and treatment of SAP .

Objective To evaluate the long term curative effects of radiotherapy combined with photodynamic therapy on the advanced esophageal cancer.Methods From Oct 1991 to Dec 1992, 60 patients with advanced esophageal cancer were randomly divided into two groups, 30 patients received conventional radiotherapy alone (CRT), the other 30 cases received radiotherapy combined with photodynamic therapy (PRT). After PRT the total dose of 40Gy,for 4 weeks the hematoporphyrin derivate(HpD) was given using 5mg/kg body intravenously and after 48 and 72 hours,the location of lesion were irradiation by 630-nm red light with 400～500mW/cm 2. Laser irradiation was given for 15 minutes to each part of tumor.Results The 5,10-year survival rates were 16 7% ,10 0% respetively;for CRT group and 29 9%, 16 7% respectively; for PRT group, The difference was significant (P

0 05).The survival rate of 1,2,3-year of SG and CRG respectively were 72 58%,51 61% and 37 10%,and 58 10%,32 26% and 20 97%.There was significant difference in the survival rate of 2,3-year between two groups(P

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of rosuvastatin combined with berberine hydrochloride on related indexes in patients with acute cerebral infarction.METHODS:Medical information of 120 patients diagnosed as acute ischemic cerebral infarction were analyzed retrospectively,and they divided into observation group (65 cases) and control group (55 cases) according to route of administration.Both groups were given routine treatment;control group was additionally given Rosuvastatin calcium tablets 10 mg orally before bedtime,once a day;observation group was additionally given Berberine hydrochloride tablets 0.3 g orally,3 times a day,on the basis of control group.Treatment courses of 2 groups lasted for 14 d.The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,hs-CRP,ox-LDL,NIHSS score,ADL score,TPA,IMT,Crouse score,the number of unstable plaque and ADR were observed and compared between 2 groups before and after treatment.RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups (P＞0.05).After treatment,the serum levels ofTC,TG,LDL-C,hs-CRP and ox-LDL in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).After treatment,NIHSS score of 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and ADL score,HDL-C levels were significantly higher than before,with statistical significance (P＜0.05);there was no statistical significance between 2 groups (P＞0.05).After treatment,there was no statistical significance in IMT,Crouse score and the number of unstable plaque in control group compared to before treatment (P＞0.05),but in observation group were significantly lower than before treatment,and also lower than control group at corresponding period,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in TPA between 2 groups before and after treatment(P＞0.05).There was no statistical significance in the indcidence of ADR between 2 groups during treatment(P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Based on routine treatment,rosuvastatin combined with berberine hydrochloride could effectively reduce blood lipid levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction,stabilize or reverse atherosclerotic plaque,and reduce inflammation and oxidative stress with good safety.

Objective To investigate the effects of inhibition of MDC1 protein expression on xenografted tumors in nude mice,and to observe the histopathological and cellular changes in nude mice.Methods Three pairs of effective and control short hairpin RNA targeting MDC1 mRNA were designed and cloned into the pSIH1-H1-copGFP vector.Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression of MDC1.After selection by copGFP reporter gene,cells were divided into negative transfection group (ECA109-N) and MDC1 transfection group (ECA109-M).The transfected cells were injected into nude mice.The mice were divided into ECA109 group,ECA109-N group,and ECA109-M group.Each group was divided into irradiation subgroup and non-irradiation subgroup.The changes in tumor size after irradiation were evaluated in each group.Western blot was used to measure the expression of CHK1,CHK2,and CHK2T68 in xenografted tumors.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of tumor cells in nude mice.The variance analysis was used to compare the mean of multiple groups,and the SNK-q test was used in the two two groups.Results The pMDC1-shRNA plasmid was successfully constructed and used to transfect ECA109 cells.ECA109-M cells were obtained by stable transfection with the recombinant plasmid.All inoculated nude mice survived with visible xenografted tumors at the underside of the paw in about one week.There was no swelling and wound in inoculation sites.There was no significant difference in tumor size between different groups (P＞0.05).The tumor growth in the ECA109 group and the ECA109-N group significantly slowed down after irradiation with a dose of 15 Gy (P＜0.05).Compared with the other two groups,the ECA109-M group had a significant smaller tumor size,significantly slower relative tumor growth,and significantly higher growth inhibition (all P＜0.05).The q value of the ECA109-M group was 1.36.In the ECA109-M group,there were no significant changes in the protein expression of CHK1 and CHK2 after irradiation (P＞ 0.05);however,the phosphorylation of CHK2T68 protein was significantly reduced after irradiation (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in cell cycle distribution or the proportion of apoptotic cells in tumor tissue between the three groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions Inhibition of MDC1 protein expression by RNA interference can effectively inhibit the growth of xenografted tumors after irradiation in the nude mice by increasing their radiosensitivity.

Objective To compare the cerebral oxygenation in the patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery under sevoflurane-versus propofol-based anesthesia.Methods Fifty adult patients,aged 18-56 yr,weighing 55-72 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,with hemoglobin≥ 110 g/L,undergoing elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia,were equally and randomly divided into sevoflurane group (group S) and propofol group (group P) using a random number table.Anesthesia was induced with iv midazolam 0.04 mg/kg,sufentanil 1.5-2.0 μg/kg,rocuronium 0.9 mg/kg,and propofol 1.5-2.0 mg/kg.Anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane (2.0％-2.6％) in group S,or with target-controlled infusion of propofol (plasma concentration 2.5-4.0 μg/ml) in group P.The concentrations of sevoflurane and propofol were adjusted to maintain bispectral index value at 40-50.In both groups,remifentanil was given by targetcontrolled infusion (target plasma concentration 2 ng/ml),and vecuronium 0.06-0.08 mg/kg was injected intermittently to maintain muscle relaxation.The regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) was recorded after induction and at 10 min before pneumoperitoneum (T1),at 10 min of pneumoperitoneum in the Trendelenburg position (T2),and at 10 min after the end of pneumoperitoneum (T3).The occurrence of cerebral oxygen desaturation was recorded during surgery.Results The rSO2 was significantly higher at T2,3 in group S than in group P (P＜0.05).Compared with the value at T1,no significant change was found in rSO2 at T2,3 in group S (P＞0.05),and the rSO2 was significantly decreased at T2,3 in group P (P＜0.05).The incidence of cerebral oxygen desaturation was 12％ in group P,and cerebral oxygen desaturation was not detected in group S.Conclusion Sevoflurane-based anesthesia produces no effect on rSO2,however,propofol-based anesthesia can decrease rSO2 in the patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery,and sevoflurane-based anesthesia is more suitable for gynecological laparoscopic surgery.

Objective:To analyze the adverse drug reactions(ADR)and clinical application of thalidomide to provide useful reference for rational medication in clinics. Methods:The case reports and literatures from foreign countries on the clinical medication of thalidomide were analyzed and summarized. Results:The ADR of thalidomide included gastrointestinal reaction, hematotoxicity,cadiovascular toxicity,neurotoxicity,skin lesion,pulmonary embolism and so on. Its new medication methods were widely used in clinics. Conclusion:Clinicians and pharmacists should pay more attention to the medication risks and rational use of thalidomide in order to assure the safety and effectiveness of clinical drug use.