Objective To study the protective effect of ginger extract on RBC of X-ray irradiated mice. Methods Mice were given extract of ginger with three doses, namely 9.3 ml/kg bw, 4.7 ml/kg bw and 2.3 ml/kg bw before X-ray irradiation(dose was 2.0 Gy, for two times, the interval was 24 h), 48 hours after the last irradiation, the blood samples were collected and RBC, HCB, HCT, MCV, MCHC, MCH, RDW were examined. Results Compared with the exposed control, RBC, HCB, HCT increased and MCH, RDW decreased significantly in ginger treated groups. Conclusion The ginger extract has a certain effect to prevent RBC from damaging induced by X-ray irradiation in mice.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the stability of injectable pantoprazole sodium in 4 kinds of infusions.METHODS: A HPLC method was adopted in this determination, the content change of injectable pantoprazole sodium was determined within 4 hours' mixing with 4 kinds of infusions and its change of color was observed; meanwhile the effects of pH value, potassium,magnesium,calcium ions on the stability of injectable pantoprazole sodium were investigated.RESULTS:No obvious changes were noted in terms of contents, appearances, pH value, UV - absorption maximum wavelength for the injectable pantoprazole sodium solution within 4 hours either in 4 kinds of common infusions or in potassium,magnesium,calcium ions water solutions.It was extremely unstable when pH value of pantoprazole sodium solution was lower than 7.0;when its pH value was 7.0, its color became yellowish yet without obvious loss of content; it is stable within 4h when its pH value was above 8.0.CONCLUSIONS:Injectable pantoprazole sodium remains stable within 4 hours either in 4 kinds of common infusions or in potassium, magnesium, calcium ions water solutions, the pH value has a great influence on the stability of pantoprazole sodium solution.

Objective To observe the toxic effects of2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid(MCPA)in male mice.Meth-ods The Kunming male mice were divided into4groups,10male mice per group.The control group were purfused into stom-ach by distilled water,the other three groups were perfused into stomach by20,100and200mg /kg MCPA,once a day,6times per week,continuously for17days.The body weight ,T 4 ,TSH,cholesterol,the ratio of spleen and testis to body weight and the specific activity of LDH,SDH in the testis were analyzed.Results The body weight of mice in MCPA-exposure groups in-creased more slowly than that in the control group.The contents of TSH in serum and ratio of spleen to body weight in200mg/kg group were significantly lower than those in control group.The contents of cholesterol in serum increased with the increases of MCPA-exposure doses.The contents of T 4 in serum were significantly higher in20mg /kg group and lower in200mg /kg group compared with that in control group.The ratio of the testis to body weight reduced with increase of the MCPA-exposure doses,and the specific activity of LDH in the testis of MCPA-exposure groups increased significantly,but the specific activity of SDH in the testis of MCPA-exposure groups revealed no significant variations compared with that of control group.Conclusion MC-PA inhibited the growth of male mice,resulted in endocrine disorder,the atrophy of spleen,and presented the toxicity of repro-ductive system.

Objectives: To explore the expression regulation of type 1 and type 2 (Th1 and Th2) cytokines from serum of coal miners and the evaluation in surveillance of coal workers' pneumoconiosis, 630 coal miners were studied. Methods: A total of 90 male patients diagnosed as coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) in a institute for occupational health and 19 male workers newly diagnosed as CWP patients was chosen as CWP group with simple random sampling method from a coal mine group from January 2013 to December in 2015. 180 male coal miners with abnormal but not diagnosed as CWP were selected as CWP suspected group with simple random sampling methods, meanwhile 180 male coal miners with normal chest X-ray photograph was as dust-exposed group by 1∶1 matched as age. And 161 healthy males accepted pre-employed examination were selected as control group, CWP suspected group, dust-exposed group and control group called as non-CWP group. According to screening test and diagnosis test, the basic information and occupational history of all subjects were collected, and cytokines including IL-1β, IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-10 of serum were detected. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff value of each cytokine. Area under curve (AUC), the validity and reliability were calculated and judged. Results: The average age of control group, dust-exposed group, CWP suspected group and CWP group were (27.4±5.0) , (43.4±10.7) , (48.2±6.2) , (64.7±7.0) years old, respectively. The median level of IL-1β, IL-8, IFN-γ and IL-6 in cases group (1 638.30, 2 099.49, 815.18,140.32 pg/ml) were higher than that of non-cases group (1 445.57, 1 402.26, 736.38, 95.73 pg/ml) (P<0.05) . The level of IL-8 (1 503.99 pg/ml) in CWP suspected group was higher than that of control group (1 295.67 pg/ml) and dust-exposed group (1 376.94 pg/ml) , but the level of IL-10 (654.08 pg/ml) was lower than that of control group (596.64 pg/ml) . The ratio of IFN-γ/IL-6 ranged from 5 to 8, and the ratio in CWP group (5.87) was lower than that of non-CWP group (7.61) . The IL-6 and IL-8 among the subjects of dust-exposed group in terms of the age distribution of among had reached statistical significance. According to ROC, the cutoff value of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and INF-γ reached 1 582.65, 116.53, 1 791.54, 581.08 and 792.69 pg/ml, respectively. The AUC was 0.668, 0.895, 0.859, 0.716 and 0.637, respectively. It was found that IL-6 and IL-8 could be used as biomarkers in detecting CWP, the sensitivity and specificity was 82.6% and 84.6%, 78.0% and 84.8%, respectively; Youden's index was 0.674 and 0.628 and the consistency rate was 84.3% and 83.7%, while Kappa value was 0.55 and 0.52. Conclusion There was Type 1 and type 2 cytokine dysregulation in CWP patients. IL-6 and IL-8 can be used as effective biomarkers to forecast lung injury before X-ray changes.

Myocardial fibrosis （MF） is a prevalent pathological process in a spectrum of cardiac conditions， including myocardial infarction， hypertensive heart disease， and dilated cardiomyopathy. It is marked by an overabundance of extracellular matrix deposition， diminished myocardial compliance， and impaired cardiac function， which can lead to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The current therapeutic approach primarily aims to suppress the progression of fibrosis， yet the therapeutic outcomes are poor. The pathogenesis of MF involves multiple signaling pathways， including the transforming growth factor-beta （TGF-β）/Smads signaling pathway， nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） signaling pathway， phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway， and mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） boasts a rich history in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases， offering distinctive benefits such as minimal side effects and high safety， and it has demonstrated promising therapeutic effects in the treatment of MF. In recent years， research has turned its attention to the application of TCM in modulating the signaling pathways associated with MF. It has been demonstrated that TCM can modulate the MF-related signaling pathways to exert anti-inflammatory effects， regulate cellular autophagy， cell proliferation， and apoptosis， reduce myocardial oxidative stress and damage， and inhibit the activation of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis， thereby exhibiting the potential to mitigate or even reverse the progression of MF. Experimental research and clinical observations indicate that TCM formulas such as Yixin Futing decoction， Luhong prescription， Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsules， and Kangjian Yixin prescription can effectively ameliorate MF and enhance cardiac function through the multi-component regulation of multiple cellular pathways. Specific TCM constituents， including isoliquiritigenin and astragaloside， have been shown to inhibit the expression of TGF-β₁， thereby disrupting the Smad signaling pathway. Compounds like glycyrrhizic acid and allicin can suppress the NF-κB signaling pathway and curtail collagen synthesis in myocardial cells， and forsythoside can activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， contributing to its anti-fibrotic effects.