The authors determined the concentration of matrine in rabbit blood plasma with HPLC after it was injected intravenously at constant rate and studied the pharmacokinetics with following five dosage groups of 10,15,20,30 and 60 mg/kg,respectively.As a result,the pharmacokinetics of matrine in rabbit body coincides with two-compartment open model.For 10-30mg/kg dosage groups,the t_(1/2)?,Vc and CLS are similar basically. A direct proportion increase in AUC as dose is increased.The matrine reveals linear elim- ination.For 60 mg/kg dosage group,t_(1/2)? obviously lengthens.AUC increases over pro- portion.The elimination of matrine is nonlinear.

0.99).The limits of detection were below 0.5 ?g/L.The rates of recovery for the spiked samples ranged from 70.1% to 117.9% and the relative standard deviations(RSD) were between 0.4%-16.1%.Conclusion The method is simple,rapid,accurate and is applicable to the simultaneous determination of multi-pesticide residues in drinking water.

OBJECTIVE To compare the changing trends of antibiotic resistance of Proteus mirabilis isolates.METHODS A total of 288 P.mirabilis isolates obtained from clinical patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University between 2001-2006 were included in the study.K-B test was used to determine the susceptibility and the results were read based on National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS)of the USA.RESULTS The sensitivity of P.mirabilis isolates to imipenem,ceftazidime,cefotaxime,aztreonam,cefoperazone-tazobactam,cefepime,amikacin and piperacillin was from 74.5% to 95.2%,meanwhile there was a low sensitivity to ampicillin,cefazolin,ciprofloxacin,sulfamethoxazole co.and tetracycline,from 2.3% to 58.8%.CONCLUSIONS The result of antimicrobial susceptiveity test may instruct the applications of clinical antibiotics.

Objective To investigate the TH1/TH2 patterns by calculating the percentage of TH1, TH2 cells, and the TH1/TH2 ratio of peripheral blood from patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Methods The percentage of TH1 and TH2 cells in peripheral blood from 15 normal pregnant controls and 20 PIH patients (including 12 moderate and 8 severe cases) were calculated using flow cytometry for the analysis of both the surface marker CD3 CD8 and intracellular cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interferon-? (IFN-?). Results The percentage of TH1 cells and the ratio of TH1/TH2 in PIH patients were significantly higher than those in the normal third-trimester pregnant controls [(20.50?4.02)% vs (12.57?2.18)%, P

Objective To determine the efficacy of the double balloon catheter in ripening and dilatation of the unfavorable cervix for induction of labor .Methods A total of 332 full-term women who were underwent induction of labor with the double balloon devices were collected for retrospective analysis .Cervix was assessed before the double balloon insertion and after it was removed 12 hours later, then amniotomy alone or combined with oxytocin was performed .Cord blood gases were analyzed .Results The double balloon catheter increased Bishop score in all subgroups with a mean improvement of 2.5 ±0.7 ( P <0.05 ) .The mean insertion-deliv-ery interval was (19.07 ±4.31)h.Cesarean section was performed in 80/332 (24.1%) patients.Cord arterial pH value was 7.3 ± 0.1 .Conclusions The double balloon catheter induced significant ripening and dilatation of the unfavorable cervix .It was effective and safe.

Objective To detect the encoding gene of efflux pump and two-component system, and investigate the effect of efflux inhibition on the multiresistance of Acinetobacter baumarmii. Methods PCR was used to detect the adeB, adeR and aries gene. Agar dilution was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) of ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, amikacin and imipenem of 50 multiresistance Acinetobacter baumannii, with or without 25 μg/ml reserpine. Results 94%, 96% and 92% of 50 muhiresistance of Acinetobacter baumannii were detected for adeB, adeR and aries gene,respectively. At least four fold decrease of MIC was observed in 49, 50, 50 and 46 isolates for ciprofioxacin, cefotaxime, amikacin and imipenem, respectively. Conclusion The multiresistance of Acinetobacter baumannii is related to the effect of the efflux system.

Objective To determine the possible genetic background and the source of our hospital's 43 clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and the category of gene cassettes in type 1 integrons of all strains.Methods Restriction enzyme Apa I was chosed for all strains in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) methods.Multilocus sequence typing ( MLST) was used to compare the allelic profiles of all the strains. PCR method was used for amplify the integrons of all strains. Results PFGE results showed that 43 strains were divided into four types. A-type and B-type were divided into 4 and 2 subtypes, respectively. The MLST results showed the existing of three allelic profiles; 1-3-3-2-2-7-3, 1-3-3-2-2-11-3, and 1-3-3-2-2-14-3.B-type and D-type of PFGE have the same allelic profile(1-3-3-2-2-11-3).A-type strains were detected mainly in ICU, and in burn unit only found B- and D-type.The same integron was detected in 62.8% of the strains.The constituent ratio of A1,A2,A3,A4,B1,B2,C and D-type was 40.7% , 18.5% , 7.4% , 3.7% , 14.8% , 3.7% , 3.7% and 7.4% , respectively.Conclusions The coexistence of multiple cloning system in this region was proved by the PFGE and MLST, and the same clone can evolve to different subtypes when stimulated by different environmental conditions; and the different carrying-situationt of the same integron in strains prove the possibility of the change during the evolution of resistance mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the impact of aging and weight bearing on cartilage endplate morphology and chondrocyte apoptosis in rats. Methods The bipedal rat model (n=45) was developed by forelimb amputation and special breeding methods. The normal rats of the same age served as the control group (n=40). When the rats became 3, 6, 9, and 12 months old, 8 rats randomly selected from each group were sacrificed and paraffin-embedded mid-sagittal sections of the L4-5 spine were obtained. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and the TUNEL procedure was performed. The numbers of apoptotic cells and viable cells in the cartilage endplates of the intervertebral discs were counted, the thickness of the cartilage endplate was measured and the degree of impairment of the cartilage endplate was evaluated. Results Apoptosis first appeared in the cartilage endplate, then increased with aging and resulted in a remarkable decrease in cell density. The apoptotic rate of chondrocytes within the cartilage endplate of the bipedal rat model group was significantly higher than the control group at the 6-month time point. A statistically significant difference was observed in the bipedal rat model group between the 6-month time point and 9-month time point (P<0.05). Correlation analyses indicated that there was a highly negative correlation between the number of the viable cells of the cartilage endplate and the degree of the cartilage endplate degeneration (r=-0.97, P<0.05). Compared with the naturally aged group, the bipedal rat model group experienced more severe degeneration in the structure of the cartilage endplate, more obvious thickening of the cartilage endplate's calcified layer, and more defects in the structure of the cartilage. Conclusions Besides aging, weight bearing is probably a key factor of the increase of chondrocyte apoptosis and the degeneration of vertebral cartilage endplate.

Objective To understand the adverse reaction profile of linezolid during clinical treatment,especially lactic acidosis and pancytopenia.Methods One case of linezolid-induced lactic acidosis and pancytopenia was described in a patient receiving long-term treatment in our hospital.Similar cases were searched and identified from literatures reports both in China and abroad from 2000 to 2015 for further review.The data were analyzed in terms of patient age,sex,underlying conditions,as well as onset time,clinical characteristics,and outcomes of the adverse reaction.Results A total of 50 similar cases (male/female ratio:1.78∶1) were analyzed,42.0％ of which were old patients (at least 65 years old).Liver and/or renal insufficiency was found in 20 cases (40.0％).The onset of lactic acidosis was at 5.5 weeks after initiation of linezolid on average,and the onset of pancytopenia was at 3.5 weeks after initiation of linezolid.Conclusions Linezolid-induced lactic acidosis or pancytopenia is more frequently found in the elderly patients with hepatic dysfunction and long-term treatment.

OBJECTIVE To determine the category of gene cassettes in type 1 integrons of multi-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Shenyang.METHODS Fifty clinical isolates were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and K-B test was used to determine the susceptibility and the results were read based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI) of the USA.PCR was used to detect the existance of integron,and DNA sequencing was also required.RESULTS There are thirty-two isolates positive for integron.Sequencing analysis showed the integrons carried two different known genes(arr-3 and aacA4).CONCLUSIONS The results show the potential risk of integron dissemination among different strains of A.baumannii.