OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of guaifenesin,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride- codeine phosphate oral solution in relieving cough,eliminating phlegm,relieving nasal stuffiness and other cold symptoms. METHODS:A total of 240 patients with cold symptoms(120 cases in trial group and another 120 cases in control group) were enrolled in our multicenter,randomized,double-blinded and parallel controlled study and treated with guaifenesin-pseudoephedrine hydrochloride-codeine phosphate oral solutionI or compound codeine phosphate liquor 10mL tid for(5?2)d.RESULTS:227(112 in trial group and 115 in control group) were the valid cases with completed trial.Compared with pre-treatment,both of the 2 groups had a significant improvement in symptoms including cough,expectoration and nasal stuffiness after treatment(P

Objective To study the anti-viral effects of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule against influenza A virus in vitro.Methods Under different administration modes,the inhibitory effect of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule on human influenza A virus(H3N2)in vitro and its time-effect relationship were assayed by crystal violet staining assay with ribavirin as positive reference drug.Results Lianhua Qingwen Capsule showed a multi-access effect on anti-human influenza A virus,such as comprehensive inhibition effect,prevention effect on virus adsorption,inhibition on virus proliferation after adsorption and direct killing the virus effect,and the median effective concentrations(EC50)in above-mentioned effects were 0.042,0.031,0.051 and 0.050 mg/mL respectively.Among them,the prevention effect on virus adsorption was the strongest.With the expanding actuation duration of the drug,the inhibitory effect of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule against influenza A virus weakened at low concentration,but no change at high concentration(≥0.031 g/mL).Meanwhile,Lianhua Qingwen Capsule can remarkably decrease the infectivity of influenza A virus.Conclusion Lianhua Qingwen Capsule has an obvious effect against human influenza A virus in vitro.

Objective To explore the clinical significence of three alternative ways in assessing bronchodilator reversibility in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods 18 clinically stable patients with severe COPD were collected. Pulmonary ventilation function and capacity of lung were measured after inhaling compound ipratropium bromide solution before and after nebulised saline, and at intervals. Expiratory flow limitation (EFL) was detected by negative expiratory pressure technique concurrently. Results Compared with placebo,bronchodilator caused a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)%Pred,forced vital capacity (FVC)%Pred and inspiratory capacity (IC)%Pred and a significant decrease in residual volume (RV)%Pred, functional residual capacity (FRC)% Pred and Borg scale. But there were no changes in total lung capacity (TLC)% Pred, 5-point EFL score and breathing pattern variables. The increase of IC was correlated with the reduction of Borg scale, but such correlation did not exist between the increase of FEV1 and the reduction of Borg scale. When ROC curve was applied to assess the significance of IC, 5-point EFL score and FEV1 in evaluating the effects of broncholilator,the area under curve (AUC) of which was 0. 868,0. 681 and 0. 557 respectively.Conclusions Compared with FEV1, IC has higher sensitivity and reliability to evaluate the clinical response of bronchodilator in patients with severe COPD. The 5-point EFL score is not an appropriate measurement of acute bronchodilator response.

Aim To assess the effect and mechanism of N acetylcysteine (NAC, antioxidant) on nuclear factor ?B (NF ?B) in lung tissue and bronhial alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of rats undergoing acute and chronic smoking. Methods All Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: control group, smoking group and intervention group. The latter two groups were applied to observing NF ?B expression during different periods (1, 2, 7, 14, 60d). Western Blot assay was used to analyze the activation of NF ?B. Results The first and second day the expression of NF ?B in lung tissue ( 36.9 ? 8.1 and 36.9 ? 8.0 )and in BALF( 24.0 ? 6.1 and 21.2 ? 5.8 ) rose significantly comparing with that in the control groups ( 7.3 ? 2.8 and 5.7 ? 2.6 )respectively (P

AIM To research synergetic analgesic effect of asarum and verapamil. METHODS Acetic acid caused body turning experiment and hot plate induced pain experiment were used to observe analgesic effect, and the influence of action potential of toad sciatic nerve was observed by nerve chamber and multi media MS 302 system. RESULTS Asarum and A V compound has remarkable analgestic effect of pain in mice induced by acetic acid and hot plate. It also inhibited action potential transmission of toad sciatic nerve. Verpamil has faint analgestic effect but was not able to inhibit action potential transmission of toad sciatic nerve. A V compound had greater effect of analgesia and inhibition of nerve action potential transmission than its components asarum and verapamil. CONCLUSION Asarum and aerapamil have analgesia synergism.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of application in canicular days plus enteral nutrition in treating cough variant asthma (CVA) in kids, and to explore its action mechanism. Methods:Following a randomized controlled single-blind parallel-group design, 138 eligible kids with CVA were randomized into an observation group, a canicular-day application group, and an enteral nutrition group, 46 kids in each group. The canicular-day application group was intervened by application in canicular days, the enteral nutrition group was by enteral feeding, and the observation group was by both canicular-day application and enteral feeding. The therapeutic efficacies were evaluated after a treatment course. Results: The recovery rate and total effective rate were respectively 50.0% and 98.0% in the observation group, versus 23.9% and 91.3% in the canicular-day application group, and 13.0% and 78.6% in the enteral nutrition group. The observation group was significantly superior to the other two groups (bothP<0.05). In comparing the global symptom score, peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, CD8+, hemoglobin (Hb), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), lipid peroxide (LPO), leukotriene (LT), body weight (BW), triceps skin-fold (TSF), and arm muscle circumference (AMC), the observation group was significantly better than the other two groups (bothP<0.05). Conclusion:Application in canicular days plus enteral nutrition can significantly improve the pulmonary function and symptoms in children’s CVA, and the effect is possibly produced by regulating cellular immune system, enhancing Hb, TP, ALB, BW, TSF, AMC, and inhibiting the production of ECP, LPO, and LT.

AIM: To study the effect of thyroid hormone on the expressional change of myosin heavy chain(MHC) gene in cardiomyocyte induced by angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ) and its potential mechanism. METHODS: Cardiac myocyte was cultured according to the method of Simpson. 10 -8 mol/L T_3 and 10 -7 mol/L AngⅡ were added to the culture medium,respectively or synchronously. After 48 h,the expression of ? and ?-MHC mRNA in myocytes were detected by RT-PCR. The protein kinase C activation were detected by PepTag non-radioactive PKC assay. The incorporation of -Leucine and -thymine to test the protein and DNA synthesis in myocytes were also performed. RESULTS: AngⅡalone increased the incorporation of -Leucine of myocytes while it had no effect on the incorporation of -thy mine. The expression of ?-MHC mRNA was increased and the expression of ?-MHC mRNA was decreased significantly at the condition of AngⅡ. The enhanced PKC activation was induced by AngⅡalso. When AngⅡand T_3 were added to the culture medium synchronously,though the incorporation of -leucine and -thymine were not changed compared with AngⅡ treated alone. The ?-MHC mRNA expression was increased and the ?-MHC mRNA expression was decreased significantly. The PKC activation of the myocytes also was decreased. CONCLUSIONS: T_3 inhibited the expressional change of myosin heavy chain gene in cardiac myocytes induced by AngⅡ. The effect of T_3 on the change of PKC activation in cardiac myocytes may be one of its mechanisms.

AIM: To observe the effect of angiotensinⅡ subtype 2 receptor (AT_2 receptor) on the cultured rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells. METHODS: The plasmid contained the cDNA of AT_2 receptor was transfected into cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. The effects of AngⅡ, Ang Ⅱ+losartan, Ang Ⅱ+PD123319 on the expression of PCNA, the NOS activity and the cell number were observed. RESULTS: The cell number and the expression of PCNA decreased after the cells were treated with losartan. When treated with PD123319, the cell number and the expression of PCNA increased, but the expression of NOS decreased. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that when being activated, AT_2 receptor inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and antagonizes the effect of AT_1 receptor, such an effect may be related to the activation of NOS. [

Objective:To observe the affection of angiotensin Ⅱ antagonists on the cultured subtype 2 receptor of angiotensin II transfected aortic vascular smooth muscle cells of rat.Methods:After transfected the plasmid that contained the cDNA of subtype 2 receptor of angiotensin II into cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells, the cells were divided into three groups：cells of group 1 were treated with angiotensinⅡ,cells of group 2 were treated with angiotensinⅡand losartan,cells of group 3 were treated with angiotensinⅡ and PD123319 .After experiments，the expression of PCNA, NOS and the cell number was tested, respectively.Results：After treated with Losartan，the cell number of group 2 was(4.17±0.15)×105，the OD value of PCNA was 0.202 6±0.007 6，both of which were less than that of cells of group 3；the OD value of NOS of cells was more in group 2(0.027 5±0.002 1 ) than that in group 3 (0.016 9±0.002 0) (P＜0.01).Conclusions:It suggests that when being activated,subtype 2 receptor of angiotensin Ⅱ could inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and antagonist the effect of subtype 1 receptor of angiotensin Ⅱ,such an effect may be related to the activation of NOS.

Objective To investigate ATM deletion [del (ATM)] in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and study its correlation with the clinical stage. Methods Spectrum Orange~(TM) labeled sequence specific DNA probe for ATM locus on 11q22.3 and fluorescence in Situ hybridization (FISH) was used to examine del (ATM) in 28 newly diagnose patients with CLL. FISH analysis were performed on bone marrow smears. Clinical staging was done according to Binet Method.Fisher exact propability was used to study the relations between del (ATM) and clinical feature. Results 4 out of the 28 cases were found with deletion of ATM. The incidence of del (ATM) in BinetA, BinetB and BinetC was 1/9 (11.1 %), 1/8 (12.5 %), 2/11 (18.2 %), respectively. Fisher exact propability showed that deletion of ATM was not associated with its clinical feature. Conclusion Application of FISH on archival bone marrow smears is a simple, liable method, and can be readly used to retrospective study of clonal blood system diseases. Deletion of ATM was common cytogenetic changes in CLL patients.And the significance of del (ATM) in the prognosis of CLL in China needs to be further investigated.