Objective To compare the contents of guanosine and adenine in peels of three strains of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.;To provide references for germplasm resources evaluation and breeding of the Chinese medicinal materials. Methods HPLC method was used to determine the contents of guanosine and adenine with Waters AtlantisT3-C18 column (4.6 mm×150.0 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was methanol and water, and the detection wavelength was 254 nm. Results The contents of guanosinein in peels of three strains of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. were 0.159 4, 0.159 6, 0.134 1 mg/g, respectively;the contents of adenine were 0.097 1, 0.127 9, 0.093 4 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion There were significient differences in the contents of adenine among three strains of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.. Strain Ⅱ is with higher level of guanosine and adenine, which implies that the breeding of the Chinese medicinal materals is one way to improve the quality of Trichosanthis Exocarpium.

As one important part of external conditions,a harmonious social environment is necessary precondition for human health.This article inquires the function of a harmonious social environment to human health from internal demand,basic prerequisite and post-disaster social environmental support of human health.

Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) signaling pathway plays a vital role in the regulation of neovascularization,and the activation of this pathway is closely related with tumor invasion and metastasis.

Radiotherapy is the principle method of non-surgical treatment for esophageal cancer.The 5-year survival rate ranges from 20％ to 40％.In recent years,the studies have found that anti-angiogenesis therapy can not only directly inhibit tumor nutritional intake,but also turn around tumor hypoxia by normalizing tumor vessels so as to enhance the radio-sensitivity of tumor ceils,which is expected to become an effective way to improve the curative effect of esophageal cancer radiotherapy.

According to teaching outline and clinical training characteristic of psychophy-laxis speciality(including Psychiatry and Medicopsychology),we explored how to strengthen the clinical thinking ability and clinical skill training for clinical medicine students based on cultiva-tion of elementary knowledge and theory,and we also established a set of more appropriate item system of clinical skills assessment so as to improve the practice quality in psychiatry and medical psychology departments.

Anti-Lipid-Peroxidation of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. in mice was studied. Results showed that H. dulcis Thunb. had the following functions: 1. decrease MAD contents of serum and tissucs of liver and brain. 2. increase SOD activity in tissues of liver, kidney and brain. 3.impart tolerance toward cold and heat, and prolong swimming time of mice. The results indicate tLat H. dulcis Thunb. has function of Anti-Lipid-Peroxidation and may be valuable for the retardation of senility.

Endostatin is an antitumor molecular targeting angiogenesis of tumor and plays an inhibitory role in tumorigenesis through inhibiting pathological angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis of tumor. As increasing drugs for targeting therapy aim in clinic, endostatin has become one of hot spots of research on combined treatment of cancer in recent years.

Objective To investigate the radiosensitizing effect of tetrandrine in human esophageal carcinoma cells (TE1) in vitro and its related mechanisms. Methods The cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. Colony formation was used to analyze radiosensitivity enhancement by tetrandrine in TE1cells. Western blotting was preformed to measure the cyclin B1 protein levels. Results Tetrandrine inhibited cell growth in a concentration and time depedant manner. The inhibition of proliferation was observed when cells were treated by 1.0, 5.0 and 10. 0 μg/ml tetrandrine for 24 h after irradiation ( P ＜0. 05;F= 3.09, 10.43 and 24. 00, respectively). The inhibition was more significant when cell were treated by 0. 1, 1.0, 5.0 and 10. 0 μg/ml tetrandrine for 48 h than 24 hours after irradiation (F =4. 12,12. 77, 44. 28, and 48.53 respectively ,all P ＜ 0. 01 ). The D0, Dq and SF2 decreased with the increase of the tetrandrine concentration. The maximal sensitizing enhancement ratio was 1.60 with 0. 5 μg/ml tetrandrine. Tetrandrine upregulated the expression of cyclin B1 and removed G2 / M arrest . Conclusions Tetrandrine can enhance radiosensitivity of TE1 cells. This effect may be associated with the increase of cyclin B1 expression to remove G2/M arrest.

Objective To explore the radiosensitization effect of thalidomide combined with X-ray on esophageal carcinoma TE1 cells.Methods Cell scratch assay Was used to detect the inhibition ability of different concentration of Thalidomide on cell invasion and metastasis.H3-TdR incorporation assay Was used to investigate the inhibition of DNA synthesis in TE1 cells by treated with Thalidomide singly or combination with X-rays.The colony formation assay Was used to analyze the radiosensitization of Thalidomide effect on TE1 cells.Results Thalidomide had obvious inhibition effect on TE1 cell metastasis.DNA synthesis and colony formation,which were correlated with drug concentration.The values D0,Dq and SF2 in TE1 cells were gradually decreased with thalidomide concentration increased.When the concentration of thalidomide was 100μg/ml,the SERD0 and SERDq were(1.4±0.2)and(1.5±0.1),respectively,While the concentration of thalidomide Was 1 50μg/ml,the SERD0 and SERDq were metastasis,DNA synthesis,and significantly enhance the radiosensitizing effect on esophageal carcinoma TE1 cells.

Objective To study the radiation sensitive enhancement ratio (SER) of NS398 on esophageal cancer stem cells and adherent tumor cells and analyze the radioresistance related protein expressions.Methods ECA109 esophageal cancer stem cells were cultured in serum-free medium.Expression levels of cell surface maker CD44 + and CD271 + were analyzed by flow cytometry.MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation after the treatments with NS398 and irradiation(0,4 and 8 Gy).The sensitization effects of NS398 on the parental cells and its spheroid were evaluated by clone formation assay.Western blot assay was performed to determine protein expressions.Results Serum-free medium was successfully applied to isolate the cancer stem cells with spherical properties.CD271 + in the spheroid cells was notable higher than that in the parent cells (t =3.81,P ＜ 0.05).After irradiation,the proliferation rate of parental cells was higher than that in spheroid cells.After the combination treatment of NS398 and irradiation,SF2 value of parental cells was lower than spheroid cells(t =2.91,P ＜ 0.05)and the SER of NS398 on parental cells was greater than spheroid cells.The expressions of Bmi-1,c-Myc,β-catenin and Cyclin D1 in spheroid cells were higher than those in parental cells (t =8.09,7.90,7.50,7.15,P＜0.05).Cyclin D1 expression levels under both cell situations increased after 4 Gy irradiation (t =9.74,6.67,P ＜0.05).Compared to the 4 Gy irradiation alone group,the β-catenin and Cyclin D1 expression levels in both parental cells (t =10.15,12.12,P ＜ 0.05) and spheroid cells (t =3.23,7.45,P ＜ 0.05) decreased in the combination group.Conclusions Esophageal cancer stem cells with high level of CD271 can be isolated with serum-free medium and it is radioresistant where β-catenin and its downstream proteins may be involved.