A rapid and simple chromatographic procedure using HPLC-ECD is described for simultaneousdetermination of NE. E. DA. 5-HT with their precursor amino acid (Tyr. Trp) and their main metabolites (HVA. 5-HIAA). Using this assay,eight substrates are measured in cortex, diencephalon and brain stem of mice duing immunological response challenged by SRB6 3 days after challenged, the DA HVA in cortex, NE in diencephalon decrease obviously (p

A simple specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay for ne(?)ropeptide (NPY) in plasma and tissue extracts was developed. There was no appreciable cross-reactivity with related neuropeptides. The minimum detectable NPY in plasma and tissue extracts was 150-200pg/ml and average recovery was 85-90%. Reverse-phase HPLC reveals that chromatographic charecterization of NPY-Li in plasma and tissue extracts was very similar to that of standard NPY.

The specific binding of~(125)INPY to membranes from mouse cerebral cortex was investigated using equilibrium binding and kinetic assay.The membranes were preparated by different—speed centrifugation.The equilibrium binding of~(125)I—NPY to membranes at 37℃ to equilibrium was by 50 minute and showed sharp optimum at PH7.0—7.4.The bound,which can't inhibited by other related peptides,was inhibited by unlabled NPY spe—cifically(IC50=0.4nmoi/L).The binding sites for~(125)I—NPY were sensitive to treatment with tripsin and thiol reagents.Theequilibrium binding of~(125)I-NPY to cerebral cortex at 37℃ was characterized by a Kd value of 0.30—0.40nmol/L and the receptor densities were 0.40—0.45 pmol/mg protein.

Objective By using immunohistochemical staining of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and fluorescence of ethylaldehyde acid-induced biomonoamine mediators, to observe the distribution of sympathetic nerve terminals in human cervical capsule tissues, and to compare the two methods for further improvement. Methods Surgically removed joint capsule tissues from C 3~7 vertebrae of 17 cases were treated by paraffin imbedding with NPY immunohistochemical staining and frozen-section with fluorescence staining of ethylaldehyde acid-induced biomonoamine mediators. Slides were preconditioned by 1% KMnO4 and sections 15~20 ?m in thickness were made. The staining was conducted at 100 ℃ for 5 min firstly, and then at 80 ℃ for 2 min. We utilized adrenal glands of rats as positive control. The samples were observed under fluorescence microscope at 380~420 nm excitation wavelengths from a high-voltage mercury light source. Results NPY immunostaining findings indicated bulky positive materials in some arteriolar walls and nerve tracts of the joint capsules; biomonoamine mediators gave off fluorescence in green-yellow color under the induction of ethylaldehyde acid, which presented mostly as reticular or radial finely-broken fibers in vascular walls, basal laminae of the synovial membrane and dense connective tissues. The positive rates of NPY immunohistochemical staining were 70.6% (12/17) at C 3~4 intervertebral segment, 42.9% (6/14) at C 4~5 , 57.1% (8/14) at C 5~6 , and 50.0% (5/10) at C 6~7 , respectively, the total positive rate being 56.4% (31/55). When using the ethylaldehyde acid-induced biomonoamine fluorescence, the positive rates were 70.6% (12/17) at C 3~4 intervertebral segment, 93.8% (15/16) at C 4~5 , 66.7% (10/15) at C 5~6 , and 80.0% (8/10) at C 6~7 , respectively, the total positive rate being 77.6% (45/58). The positive rate was remarkably higher in ethylaldehyde acid-induced biomonoamine fluorescence than in NPY immunohistochemical staining, with statistically significant difference (?2=5.774,P=0016), especially at C 4~5 intervertebral segment (P=0.004). Conclusions Both the two methods can demonstrate the distribution of sympathetic nerve terminals, suggesting the presence of the terminals in human cervical capsule tissues. Modified ethylaldehyde acid-induced biomonoamine fluorescence offers a greater specificity.

0 05),but arterial oxygen tension and FEV 1 were elevated obviously (P

Objective To discuss the techniques of ventricular endoscopy for obstructive hydrocephalus.Methods A total of 33 patients with obstructive hydrocephalus were treated by ventriculostomy using ventricular endoscopy from June 2003 to December 2006.The patients had received CT,MRI,and 99mTc-DTPA cistern SPECT before the surgery.Results Endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed successfully in 32 patients,the other patient died of hemorrhage under the third ventricle fistula.Postoperative fever occurred in 13 patients.One patient developed bilateral chronic subdural hematoma 6 months after the operation,and was cured by drill and drainage.Three patients developed subdural hydroma 6 months postoperation without showing symptoms.They were monitored without any treatment.The 32 patients were followed up for 2-42 months(mean,16.7 months),all of them achieved clinical relieve.In the patients,the intracranial pressure(ICP) was 26(16-39) cm H2O before the operation,and was significantly decreased to 22(12-28) cm H2O 7 days after the operation(t=2.903,0.005

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of oxycodone on postoperative pain and stress response in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Methods Sixty patients scheduled for gynecological laparoscopy,aging from 18 to 50 years old,of ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ,were included and randomized into three groups:control group (group C),low dose of oxycodone group (group L),high dose of oxycodone group (group H),20 cases in each group.Pa-tients in group L,H received 0.05,0.1 mg/kg oxycodone respectively while paitents in group C re-ceived saline 5 ml 1 5 min before the end of the surgery.Visual analogue scale(VAS)pain score and RASS score were measured on 1,6,12 and 24 h postoperatively.Glucose and serum cortisol were also measured before the operation and on time points of 6,12 and 24 h after the operation.Adverse effects were recorded too.Results Compared with group C,VAS were significantly lower in group L and H within 1 hour postoperatively.(P <0.05).VAS was significantly lower in group H than that in group C and L at 6 h postoperatively (P <0.05 ).The RASS scores of group L and H were significantly lower than those in group C (P <0.05)at 1 h postoperatively.Blood glucose and serum cortisol of group L and H increased at 6,12 and 24 h after operation (P <0.05).Compared with group C,blood glucose and serum cortisol were significantly lower in group L and group H at 6,12 h after operation (P <0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in each group. Conclusion Oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg injected before the end of gynecological laparoscopic surgery could effectively relieve postoperative pain with less adverse reactions,and decrease postoperation stress re-sponse.

Objective Estimating the treatment to respiratory failure in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by scores in the form of quantitative assessment.Methods 156 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation of respiratory failure in patients in the medical intensive care unit based on the worst value of the calculated APACHEⅡ score were grouped,divided into groups and pairs of oxygen the level of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation group.Based on the worst values calculated by the APACHEⅡ and TISS-28 score within 24 h after admission into MICU selected cases is re-grouped into an effective group of oxygen,BiPAP effective group and invasive ventilation group.Statistics separately for each group of patients with APACHEⅡ score and TISS-28 score range,length of stay.Results The invasive ventilation group APACHEⅡ score(27.44?6.79)and TISS-28 score(28.22?7.90)was significantly higher than the other groups(P0.05),invasive ventilation group and effective group MICU hours of BiPAP have significant difference(P

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of the application of contitunous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in non-kidney severe patients in MICU.Methods Twenty-nine cases who underwent the CRRT in MICU were included in the study.Vessel pathway were all through inserting double channel catheter in femoral vein or internal carotid vein.According to the patient's condition,patients were treated by slow continuous ultrafiltration( CVVH )or continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHDF).The duration was 4-12 hours or continuation if necessary.The volume of blood flow was 100-180 ml/h.The displacement liquid was 30-50 ml/time.The volume of dehydration was 0-4 kg according to the patient's condition.The clinical symptoms,hemodynamics,blood biochemistry,PaO2/FiO2,pH,tumor necrosis factor and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ were observed before and after therapy.The complications were monitored.Results The vital signs of the patients became stable shortly after CRRT therapy,before CRRT temperature ( 37.6 ± 0.88 ) ℃,respiratory rate ( 110.3 ± 19.54)time/min,the oxygention index (262.6 ± 10.6),WBC ( 11.33 ± 2.27) × 109/L,NE (85.62 ± 7.83 ) %,AST ( 74.58 ± 19.34 ) U/L,APPACHE Ⅱ score ( 24.37 ± 9.23 ),after CRRT temperature ＞( 36.84 ± 0.58 ) ℃.respiratory rate ( 102.0 ± 16.2 ) times/min,the oxygention index ( 373.2 ± 11.2),WBC (9.62 ±3.26) × 109/L,NE (71.58 ± 10.54) %,AST(38.34 ± 13.96) U/L,APACHE Ⅱ score ( 14.65 ± 6.54).There were significantly difference between the indices at before and after treatment ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Serious ions and acid base abnormality were rectified during CRRT therapy without any severe complications.Conclusions CRRT therapy could decline the level of infections reaction and improve organs' function,adjust the balance of internal environment,stable hemodynamics without any severe complication after treatment.CRRT is safe and effective.In conclusion,CRRT is a primary treatment and an important supportive therapy.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab in the treatment of adenocarcinoma in stomach or gastroesophagealjunction,and provide evidence-based reference for clinic. METHODS:Retrieved from Wanfang database,CJFD,PubMed,EBSCO,Medline and Cochrane Library,randomized controlled trials(RCT) oframucirumab and (or) other medicines or other chemotherapy (test group) versus placebo or and Clinical Trials. gov other antibiotics(control goroup) were collected with time limit from establishment to Sept. 2015. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by Cochrane systematic review manual 5.1.0. RESULTS:Totally 3 RCTs involving 1 188 patients were enrolled,including 652 patients in the test group and 536 patients incontrol group. Results of Meta-analysis showed, the overall survival[HR=0.83,95%CI(0.72,0.95),P=0.006] and progression-freesurvival[HR=0.66,95%CI(0.47,0.92),P=0.01] in test group were significantly longer than control group,the difference was statistically significant;there was no significant difference in the objective response rate[RR=1.31,95%CI(0.81,2.11),P=0.28]. The incidence of severe adverse reactions(degree level:3-4 grade) in test group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant [RR=1.14, 95%CI (1.00,1.29),P=0.04].CONCLUSIONS:Ramucirumab can extend overall survival and progression-free survival of adenocarcinoma in stomach or gastro-oesophageal junction,but the incidence of adverse reactions should be noticed.