Objective To study the possibility of endoscopic thyroidectomy. Methods Benign thyroid tumors, with diameter between 22 mm and 38 mm, were successfully removed in 8 patients by endoscopic thyroidectomy through anterior chest wall. Results The mean operation time was 120 min (range, 60 min～180 min), and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 20 ml (range, 10 ml～50 ml). No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. And no scars remained. Conclusions Endoscopic thyroidectomy through anterior chest wall is a safe and effective procedure for benign thyroid tumors, with excellent cosmetic results in the neck postoperatively.

To examine the effects of different temperature on preservation damages of red blood cells in liquid blood. Blood samples were taken from 10 healthy blood donors and divided each sample into 2 groups, the fresh blood was put into CP2D A solution at 0℃ and 4℃, and the samples were taken after 21 days and 42 days, and then the contents of membrane phospholipids were measured with shafiq UR rehman method, of CaM with purification PED test, of LPO with spectrophotometry. Results showed that at the same temperature, when the preservation time was prolonged, peroxidation was increased, the preservation damages were also augmented; the damages were declined when the temperature was lower during the same period, the aging of blood was more evident at 4℃. It is suggested that the 0℃ group is better than 4℃ group.

In this case-control study, the effect of insulin sensitivity on the genesis of cholesterol gallstones was not affirmed. However, raised 2h insulin level during glucose tolerance test and systolic blood pressure were risk factors in gallstone formation. Besides, less physical activity, lower serum total cholesterol and lower HDL-C concentration were found in patients with cholesterol gallstone.

This paper reported the results of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty for 8 patients (single-balloon for 7 cases,double-balloon for 1 case).The meanpulmonary valve orifice in diameter (PVOD) was dilated from 8.4?2.2 preoperation to 16.4?1.5mm of postoperation,the systolic pressure in rightventricle (RV)was reduced from 16.9?5.3 to 9.1?3.8kPa,the pressure gradient from RV to pulmonary artery was reduced from 14.9?5.1 to 6.6?2.9 kPa,the cardiac index was increased from 3.2?0.3 to-5.1?0.7L/min m-2.The symptoms and heart murmur were nearly,subsided after treatment,the patients dischargd within 5 days after operation.PBPV is a nonoperative procedure with good efffect and.safety.

Objective To evaluate the effect of doxepin on the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) in the spinal cord of rats with neuropathic pain (NP).Methods Sixty clean-grade male Wistar rats in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted,weighing 200-250 g,were divided into 3 groups (n =20 each) by a random number table method:sham operation group (S group),NP group and doxepin group (D group).NP was induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) to sciatic nerve.Doxepin 20 mmol/L (10 μl) was intrathecally injected at 3,7,14 and 21 days after CCI (T1-4) in group D.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at 1 day before CCI (T0) and at T1-4.The rats were sacrificed after measurement of pain threshold at T4,and L4-6 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of the expression of p38MAPK protein by Western blot.Results Compared with S group,MWT was significantly decreased and TWL was shortened at T2-4,and the expression of p38MAPK protein was up-regulated in NP and D groups (P＜0.05).Compared with NP group,MWT was significantly increased and TWL was prolonged at T2-4,and the expression of p38MAPK protein was down-regulated in D group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which doxepin mitigates NP is related to down-regulating p38MAPK expression in the spinal cord of rats.

Digital guided therapy (DGT) has been advocated as a contemporary computer-aided technique for treating endodontic diseases in recent decades. The concept of DGT for endodontic diseases is categorized into static guided endodontics (SGE), necessitating a meticulously designed template, and dynamic guided endodontics (DGE), which utilizes an optical triangulation tracking system. Based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images superimposed with or without oral scan (OS) data, a virtual template is crafted through software and subsequently translated into a 3-dimensional (3D) printing for SGE, while the system guides the drilling path with a real-time navigation in DGE. DGT was reported to resolve a series of challenging endodontic cases, including teeth with pulp obliteration, teeth with anatomical abnormalities, teeth requiring retreatment, posterior teeth needing endodontic microsurgery, and tooth autotransplantation. Case reports and basic researches all demonstrate that DGT stand as a precise, time-saving, and minimally invasive approach in contrast to conventional freehand method. This expert consensus mainly introduces the case selection, general workflow, evaluation, and impact factor of DGT, which could provide an alternative working strategy in endodontic treatment.
Humans ; Consensus ; Endodontics/methods* ; Tooth ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Dental Care ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Root Canal Therapy

The dental operative microscope has been widely employed in the field of dentistry, particularly in endodontics and operative dentistry, resulting in significant advancements in the effectiveness of root canal therapy, endodontic surgery, and dental restoration. However, the improper use of this microscope continues to be common in clinical settings, primarily due to operators' insufficient understanding and proficiency in both the features and established operating procedures of this equipment. In October 2019, Professor Jingping Liang, Vice Chairman of the Society of Cariology and Endodontology, Chinese Stomatological Association, organized a consensus meeting with Chinese experts in endodontics and operative dentistry. The objective of this meeting was to establish a standard operation procedure for the dental operative microscope. Subsequently, a consensus was reached and officially issued. Over the span of about four years, the content of this consensus has been further developed and improved through practical experience.
Humans ; Dentistry, Operative ; Consensus ; Endodontics ; Root Canal Therapy ; Dental Care