Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) were defined as neurological syndromes associated with cancer.In many cases,autoantibodies against neural antigens expressed by the tumor (paraneoplastic neurological antibody or onconeural antibodies) were detected.The neuronal antibodies,which were associated with syndromes resulting from central nervous system neuronal dysfunction,were classified into two groups according to the location of the antigen:inside the neuron or in the cell membrane.Group Ⅰ antibodies targeted on intracellular antigens and were predominantly dependent on T-cell-mediated responses.Group Ⅱ antibodies recognized neuronal surface antigens and were predominantly dependent on B-cell-mediated responses.Onconeural antibodies were useful diagnostic markers of the brain disease,and in some cases,they might reveal an underlying malignancy.Moreover,the presence of antibodies against surface(group Ⅱ) antigens might predict a more favorable response to immunotherapy than that against intracellular (group Ⅰ) antigens.

Early diagnosis and timely treatment are two critical factors in reducing the cerebral damage and improving prognosis for ischemic stroke patients.The only proved effective way is to intravenously administer recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for thrombolytic therapy.However,the narrow time window restricts its application.One rapid and effective blood test,or auxiliary examinations such as computer tomography which may aid early diagnosis of ischemic stroke would contribute to treatment and intervention promptly,then take a pivotal role for the disease prognosis.Herein,the reported proteins and RNA markers are summarized and analysed in clinical application of acute ischemic stroke likewise.

BACKGROUND: To prepare a novel biological material that can be implanted into the lesion of bone tuberculosis, keep sustained release of anti-tuberculosis drugs around bone tuberculosis tissues for a long time, and enhance the effect on bone repair has become a hot spot for clinical studies on bone tuberculosis.OBJECTIVE: To prepare the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs)/sustained-release rifampin-loaded microsphere complex, and to preliminarily study its effects in a rabbit model of spinal tuberculosis.METHODS: Rifampin-chitosan-calcium alginate sustained-release microspheres were synthesized, and co-cultured with ADMSCs to prepare an anti-tuberculosis composite for bone tissue engineering. Forty New Zealand rabbits were used to make lumbar L6 tuberculosis models. Thereafter, rat models were randomly divided into four groups and given rifampin by gavage in rifampin group, ADMSCs by paravertebral injection+rifampin by gavage in stem cell group, rifampin by gavage+implantation of the anti-tuberculosis composite material in experimental group, and no treatment in control group.The duration time of rifampin administration was 8 weeks. The anti-tuberculosis effect of the composite material was evaluated by X-ray and CT scanning observation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the control group, obvious damage to lumbar vertebrae L5 and L6 was apparent; inflammatory granulation tissues formed; and the intervertebral space was narrowed. In addition, two rabbits in the control group showed obvious kyphotic deformity and five showed pasoas major swelling with low-density dark region in the psoas muscle. In the rifampin group, there were five rabbits with moderate damage of the lumbar vertebrae L5 and L6,and two rabbits with pasoas major swelling. In the stem cell group, there were two rabbits with moderate damage of the lumbar vertebrae L5 and L6, three rabbits with mild damage of the upper part of the lumbar vertebra L6, and three rabbits with pasoas major swelling. In the experimental group, only four rabbits suffered from mild damage of the upper part of the lumbar vertebra L6 but with no changes in the intervertebral space between the L5 and L6, and without pasoas major swelling. These results indicate that the composite material of ADMSCs combined with sustained-release rifampin-loaded microspheres can inhibit mycobacterial growth effectively, and reduce vertebral bone destruction,thereby giving some therapeutic actions for the animal models with spinal tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) among high-risk women in reeducation centers in Shenzhen in 2001,and evaluate their periodontal and oral membrane infection status. METHODS Based on the WHO Oral Health Survey Basic Methods(1987) the STDs surveillance in 2001 had been conducted among them.Data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Out of the 302 examinees in reeducation centers,60(19.8%) cases were identified as having STDs.The prevalence rate of gingivitis was 57.6%,dental calculus rate was 25.8%,early periodontitis rate was 4.96%,and the late periodontitis rate was 0.9%.Only(7 cases) suffered from oral-membrane disease,the rate was 2.3%. CONCLUSIONS The women with high risk in reeducation centers are the most potential sources of STDs infections.Their oral health status is as same as normal people,so it is important for oral medical workers to protect the health of patients and themselves with effective management,and enhance the works on hospital infection control.

Objective To explore the role of miR-184 in Oxygen-Glucose-Deprivation (OGD) induced SK-N-SH cell ischemic injury and its regulation on AKT2 level. Method We used a combination of oxygen and glucose deprivation to imitate ischemic conditions in vivo. MiR-184 mimic and inhibitor were transfected into SK-N-SH cell to alter miR-184 levels. The expression of miR-184 and AKT2 were determined by using Real-time PCR. The extent of SK-N-SH cell survival rate was assessed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Result Here, we observed that miR-184 was significantly inhibited in SK-N-SH cell after OGD (P<0.05). The changes of miR-184 level altered the expression of AKT2 mRNA. In addition, alteration of miR-184expressionsignificantly affected cell survival rate after OGD. Conclusion miR-184 plays an important role in ischemic injury through negatively regulating AKT2 level, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke in miRNA levels.

AIM: To observe the anti-atherosclerotic mechanism of Dahuang Zhechong Pill(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Eupolyphaga seu steleophaga,Hirudo,Radix Scutellariae,etc) in the aspect of VSMC proliferation and apoptosis,collagen synthesis in the vessel wall. METHODS: The atherosclerotic model was established by hypercholesterol feeding together with immune-injured endothelium in rabbits.The level of hydroxyproline in vessel wall was determined.Histological changes were examined by electronic microscopes.The proliferation of VSMC was determined by immunohistochemistry and apoptosis of VSMC by TUNEL. RESULTS: Dahuang Zhechong Pill improved the histological changes of vessel wall of rabbit with atherosclerosis and reversed vascular remodelling.The level of hydroxyproline in the vessel wall and the number of proliferation of VSMC decreased,and the number of apoptosis of VSMC increased in Dahuang Zhechong Pill-administered groups compared with the model control group. CONCLUSION: Dahuang Zhechong Pill can inhibit the development of atherosclerosis by inhibiting the synthesis of collagen fiber in vessel wall and the proliferation of VSMC as well as inducing the apoptosis of VSMC.

Objective To explore the detection rate and major risk factors of nodular thyroid diseases among adults.Methods A total of 35 495 adults who carried out health checkup during January 1st,2009 and December 31th,2010 in our center were assessed for the occurance of nodular thyroid diseases and the size and number of thyroid nodules by age and gender.Chi-square test,rank sum test and Chi-square trend test were used for data analysis.Results The total detection rate of nodular thyroid diseases was 33.87％ (female vs male:41.76％ vs 29.68％).The prevalence of single thyroid nodule was decreased with age,as opposed to multi-thyroid nodules.Single thyroid nodule was more commonly seen in males,which was reversed in multi-thyroid nodules.Small,middle and large thyroid nodules were found in 77.49％,18.19％ and 4.32％ males or 72.57％,21.59％ and 5.84％ females,respectively.Moreover,thyroid cancer was detected in 0.4‰ of those with nodular thyroid diseases.Conclusions The detection rate of nodular thyroid diseases among adult health checkup receivers was higher,which calls on the needs of intensive monitor and effective prevention of the condition.

Objective To investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 in women cervical infection in eastern Guangzhou, polymorphism of E6/E7 gene and association of gene dosage with disease progression. Methods Flow-through hybridization and gene chips were applied in HPV sub-type identification to screen out HPV-16 positive samples from cervical epithelium samples. HPV-16 E6/E7 gene was amplified through PCR with specific primers. The PCR products were cloned into pMD18-T vectors and fragments were determined through sequencing. Polymorphism analysis were performed through align-ment tools. Fluorescence quantitive PCR were used for the detection of viral E6 gene and L1 gene. Results Thirty-six (4.5%) HPV-16 positive samples were screened out through flow-through hybridization from 806 cervical epithelium samples. HSIL and above happened in 18 (50.0%) of the 36 HPV-16 positive patients. Within E6/E7 gene sequences from 7 selected samples, we found 15 sites with variances and 8 of them would cause coding amino acid change. HIL group (A, 11 cases) and LSIL group (B, 14 cases) possess significantly different gene dosage of both viral E6 gene and LI gene (P <0.05). The ratios of L1/E6 be-tween the 2 groups was not significantly different(P=0.19). Conclusion HPV-16 cervical infection oc-curs in 4.5% women (17-62 years old) in eastern Guangzhou. HIL or above accompany with half of the HPV 16 infected women. Viral load is probably associated with cervical HSIL, though L1/E6 ratios do not suggest viral integration.

Objective To evaluate the effects of meglumine cyclic adenylate (MCA) pretreatment on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats.Methods Fifty-four adult male Sprague Dawley rats,aged 2-3 months,weighing 200-250 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =18 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),ALI group and MCA pretreatment group (group MCA).ALI was induced with LPS 10 mg/kg injected via the femoral vein in ALI and MCA groups.In group MCA,MCA 2 mg/kg was injected via the femoral vein at 20 min before LPS injection,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in C and LPS groups.Immediately before LPS injection and at 2 and 4 h after LPS injection,the blood samples were taken from the abdominal aorta for determination of PaO2,PaCO2 and plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10).Six rats were sacrificed at 4 h after LPS injection and pulmonary specimens were obtained for microscopic examination of the pathological changes and for determination of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) activity (by ELISA) and NF-κB p65 expression in nucleus (by Western blot).Results Compared with group C,PaO2 and cAMP activity in lung tissues were significantly decreased,and PaCO2,plasma concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-α and NF-κB p65 expression in nucleus in lung tissues were increased in group LPS.Compared with group LPS,PaO2,cAMP activity in lung tissues and plasma concentrations of IL-10 were significantly increased,and PaCO2,plasma concentration of TNF-α and NF-κB p65 expression in nucleus in lung tissues were decreased and the pathologic changes of lungs were attenuated in group MCA.Conclusion MCA pretreatment can attenuate ALI induced by LPS,and the mechanism is related to increased level of cAMP,activated cAMP signaling pathway,inhibited NF-κB activity and reduced inflammatory responses in lung tissues of rats.

Objective To study the clinical features and risk factors of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in multiple myeloma ( MM) . Methods Three hundred and fifty-seven cases of MM were retrospectively analyzed for IFI, clinical features, complicating diseases, treatment of fungus and side effect of anti-fungal drugs. Results Forty-four cases ( 12. 3% ) of IFI were diagnosed. Three of them were diagnosed definitely, 8 clinically and 33 probably. Ten cases incurred IFI in (he induction therapy, 4 in platform, 27 in progress and 3 in the treatment with autologous stem cell transplantation. The lung was the commonest site of infection ( 50. 0% ) . The total effective rates of amphotericin B liposome, voriconazole, itraconazole, caspofungin and fluconazol were 83. 3% , 75. 0% , 78. 9% , 75. 0% and 57. 1% respectively (P= 0.493). In a multivariate analysis, independent factors significantly associated with IFI were diabetes (P=0.035, OR 2. 527, 95%CI 1.005-6.052), dialysis (P=0. 022,OR 2. 768, 95%CI 1. 161-6. 600), persistent agranulocytosis (P = 0.019, OR 3.215, 95% CI 1.200-7.407), broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy (P = 0.009,OR 3. 350,95% CI 1.353-8.295) and fludarabine treatment( P = 0. 001,0R 4. 669, 95% CI 1.813-12.023). Conclusions Patients with MM are in high risk of IFI. The lung is the commonest site of infection. The therapeutic effect was similar with itraconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin and amphotericin B liposome in MM patients with complicating IFI. The risk factors for IFI in MM were diabetes, dialysis, persistent agranulocytosis and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and fludarabine.