Aim To observe the effect of sodium nitrop russide (SNP)on glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) synthesis in the gerbil hippocampus. Method lmmunofluorescent histochemical staining method was used. Result SNP increased GFAP synthesis in rediatum layer,molecular layer and dentate gyrus.There were not GFAP positive cells in rediatum layer and mol ecular layer.Number of GFAP positive cells related to dose of SNP.Conclu sion SNP increased GFAP synthesis.

Objective To analyze the clinical effects of continuous epidural anesthesia and psychological intervention in painless labor. Methods From June 2016 to December 2016110 cases of maternal treatment in Ningbo city town of dragon longsai hospital as the research object, randomly divided into control group and observation group, control group of women to provide continuous epidural anesthesia, the observation group in continuous epidural anesthesia combined with psychological intervention measures. Results The two groups of pregnant women at different time scales VAS score, duration and other indicators, the data into the SPSS software, given the corresponding analysis and draw conclusions. Results The two groups of pain VAS score had no significant difference, the observation group each time after analgesia VAS score decreased than the control group(P<0.05); the first stage of the observation group was shorter than the control group (P<0.05), there was no significant difference between the 2 groups of second, third labor time. Conclusion Conclusion Epidural anesthesia and psychological intervention combined with painless labor have good analgesic effect and shorten the first stage of labor. .

Objective To evaluate the application of percutaneous suture-mediated closure device (Perclose ProGlide) in patients undergoing percutaneous endovascular aortic procedures.Method From Apr 2011 to Jun 2012,23 patients underwent percutaneous endovascular aortic procedures.The stent delivery system used included one 24Fr,twelve 22Fr,two 20Fr,one 18Fr,two 16Fr,four 14Fr,one 10Fr and four 6Fr.The success rate,complications and the technical feasibility was analyzed.Result The success rate was 93.3％ (28/30),in which two patients were converted to open surgery because of severe stenosis and bleeding of femoral artery.There was no hemorrhage,hematoma,false aneurysm,thrombosis,and serious artery stenosis during the follow-up period ( 8 ± 4 months).Conclusions Percutaneous suture techniques is safe and effective in patients undergoing percutaneous endovascular aortic procedures.Percutaneous suture techniques can be safely used to the branch of aortic arch.

Objective To describe the CSP genotypic profile in clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigates from different regions of China,and to investigate if there is a difference in antifungal susceptibility among A.fumigates of different CSP genotypes and from different regions.Methods Totally,112 A.fumigates strains clinically isolated from Fujian,Shanghai,Hebei and Beijing were included in this study,and identified according to macro-and micro-morphological characters,growth temperature and β-tubulin sequence.Classic A.fumigatus strains were typed according to CSP gene sequence.The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of voriconazole,itraconazole and amphotericin B to A.fumigates were determined in accordance with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M38-A protocol.Results All the strains were identified as classic A.fumigates,and fall into 11 CSP genotypes.The most common genotypes were t04A (n =32),t03 (n =17) and t01 (n =24) in all the strains,tl0,t04A and t01 in Fujian,t04A and t01 in Shanghai,t01,t03 and t04A in Hebei,t02,t04A,t01and t03 in Beijing.One A.fumigatus strain was identified as a new CSP type t25 in Fujian,which showed no obvious difference in morphology,growth rate or appropriate growth temperature from the other CSP genotypes of A.fumigatus strains.No statistical difference was found in the susceptibility to amphotericin B,itraconazole or fluconazole among different genotypes of A.fumigates,whereas the MICs of itraconazole were significantly lower in A.fumigates isolates from Fujian than in those from the other three regions.Conclusions The CSP genotypic profile of A.fumigates varies in clinical isolates from different regions.No significant difference is observed in the susceptibility to amphotericin B,itraconazole or fluconazole among different CSP genotypes of A.fumigates,but the susceptibility to itraconazole is somewhat different between A.fumigates strains from different regions.

A vascular closure device (VCD) is a medical apparatus which is used for stopping bleeding at the puncture point after percutaneous vascular puncturing management. According to its principles , these devices can be categorized into active closure device, compression-assisted device and local hemostatic plaster. The use of these devices can shorten the time of hemostasis, the time of limb immobilization, and the time of hospitalization; it can also reduce the damage to the patient, improve patient’s comfort, and reduce the work load of the medical staff as well. But each VCD has its own applicable scope and learning curve , thus it might cause serious complications when it is improperly used. Therefore , in using VCD the interventional physicians should be familiar with the characteristics of each special VCD and have enough knowledge concerning the treatment of the common complications. This paper aims to make a comprehensive review of the closure device manufacturer data and the relevant literatures recently published so as to make a brief introduction of the principle, characteristics, scope of application and practical tips of several common vascular closure devices.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of endovascular repair for retrograde type A aortic dissection.Method 35 patients of retrograde type A aortic dissection admitted to Peking University People's Hospital from December 2001 to March 2014 were treated with endovascular repair.There were 33 males and 2 females with mean age of 46 ± 9 years.29 were on acute stage,2 on subacute stage and 4 on chronic stage.The entry tear was in the descending thoracic aorta in 32 cases,between the left subclavian artery and the left common carotid artery in one,and between the left common carotid artery and the innominate artery in two.Results Entry closure was achieved in all patients with a covered stent.2 patients died in 30 days postoperatively (5.7％).1 patient with two chimney developed acute renal artery embolized which was infused by false lumin (2.9％).One patient developed transient paraparesis after graft deployment(2.9％).During the follow-up period,the aortic remodeling is perfect,no entry tear was noted in the ascending thoracic aorta.All the endografts for preserving supra-aortic branches were patent.Conclusions The endovascular repair for retrograde type A aortic dissection is feasible and effective.

Objective To evaluate the surgical results for patients with lower-extremity arteriosclerotic occlusive disease. Methods We performed a respective analysis of 358 patients who underwent various consecutive surgical treatments including open artery reconstruction and intervention in our hospital between 2002 and 2007.Results In this study,358 patients(mean age 66 ± 10;293 male,65female)experienced a total of 413 surgical interventions including traditional bypass,interventional surgery and amputation.Postoperatively 310 patients(86.8%)were followed up from 6 months to 64 months.The 1-year,2-year and 3-year primary patency rates of iliac balloon angioplasty and stent placement were significantly higher than that of femoropopliteal balloon angioplasty and stent placement(P＜0.01),but not higher than that of aortoiliac or aortofemoral bypass(all P＞0.05).The 2-year and 3-year primary patency rates of femoropopliteal bypass above knee were significantly higher than that of femoropopliteal bypass below knee(P＜0.01),but that was not the case in 1-year group.There is no statistical difference in 1-year primary patency rates between femoropopliteal balloon angioplasty and distal popliteal balloon angioplasty (P＞0.05).Amputation rate was 8.7%(37/358).Perioperative mortality was 3.9%(14/358).Mortality during follow-up period was 6.4%(23/358).Conclusion A satisfactory result can be obtained in most patients with the lower-extremity arteriosclerotic occlusive disease by using the appropriate surgical treatment.

Objective To summarize our experience on the diagnosis and management of 8 patients with popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES). Methods Clinical data of 8 PAES cases admitted from Jul 2002 to Jul 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 7 males and 1 female with the mean age of (29 ± 14)years (ranging 16 -56 years). In 6 cases posterior "S" shaped incisions in the popliteal fossa were applied and anomalous anatomic structures were verified. Segmental stenosis and post-stenotic popliteal arterial aneurysm was identified in 2 cases, and partial resection of the aneurismal wall and arterioplasty including one with saphenous vein patch were applied; For 4 cases with short segmental occlusion of the popliteal artery, surgical treatment included thromboendarterectomy in 2 cases (with saphenous vein patch plasty in one case), saphenous vein interposition in 1 case, and saphenous vein bypass grafting in 1 case.Medial longitudinal incisions and saphenous vein bypass grafting were applied in 2 cases with long segmental occlusion in popliteal artery without exploration for anatomic anomalies. Results All patients recovered uneventfully without any notable complication. During the follow-up period ranging from 4 to 99 months [average (50± 37) months], no ischemic symptom reoccurred in 7 cases with patent arteries or grafts, and recurrent claudication occurred in 1 case with distal anastomostic stenosis. The stenosis was subsequently treated with balloon angioplasty and vein graft thrombsis occurred one month later. Medicine and exercise were recommended for the patient and now mild claudication still remains without affecting his normal life.Conclusions PAES is a disease of relatively low incidence resulting in lower extremity ischemia, which can be successfully cured with proper management.

Objectives To evaluate the method and short-term result of endovascular repairing for distal tears of Debakey type Ⅲ dissecting aneurysm. Methods In this study the continously existing distal intima tears were repaired using different method in 15 Debakey type Ⅲ dissections after previous successful repair of the proximal entry.All patients have symptoms caused by unclosed distal tears or increased false lumen in abdominal aorta.7 visceral artery tears ( 1 celiac and 6 renal),4 abdominal aorta and 7 iliac artery tears were repaired (3 cases have both viscera and iliac tears).All abdominal aorta entries were repaired by bifurcation stent grafts.Blocking umbrella was used in 1 renal tear,and all other viscera and iliac tears were repaired by small covered stents. Results All endovascular procedures were successfully completed.No any endo-leak occurred in abdominal and iliac entry repairs.One near renal tear was totally blocked by an umbrella which also blocked blood flow from false lumen to right renal artery.One major endo-leak and 2 minor endo-leak occurred in visceral artery tearing repair,all other visceral tears were completely repaired.All patients were followed up from 2 to 10 months (average 5.0 ± 2.0 months).Follow-up CTA revealed false lumen thrombosis in non-endo-leak cases.Three endo-leak cases still have blood flow in false lumen with partly thrombosis. Conclusions In selected patients,salvage endovascular repair for left over distal tears in Debakey Ⅲ dissecting aneurysm after initial repair is feasible and safe.

Objective To study the characteristics of DWI in nude mice models of hepatic Bel7402 tumors after treatment with adenovirus-mediated cytosine diaminase-thymidine kinase ( Ad.CD-TK) double suicide gene therapy, and then to identify whether DWI can be used for assessing curative effect of postoperative tumors.Methods Thirty nude mice models of hepatic Be17402 tumors were successfully created using cell suspension method,after the tumor grew to more than 1 cm in diameter,20 tumor models were treated by intratumoral administration of Ad.CD-TK for 3 days plus intraperitonea( i.p.) treatment with 5-Fc and GCV for the duration of the study.Then they were randomly divided into three groups during 5-Fc and GCV treatment.The remaining 10 tumor models were used as controls.MR scanning were performed in 10th day before and after tumor implantation in all models by using EPI-SE series and SENSE technology for treatment group. Tumor volumes and ADC values were calculated pretreatment and posttreatment. Cell apoptosis were determined by using TUNEL method.Analyze the change of ADC and apoptosis index (AI) in different times,t test was used for comparison the difference of AI and ADC values respectively. Results After 10 days,the tumor volumes of the treatment groups and controls were respectively (724.16 ±57.45 ) mm3,( 754.57 ± 66.84 ) mm3,with no significant difference ( t =0.488,P ＞ 0.05 ).The ADC values of the treatment groups were (0.98 ±0.11 ) × 10-3 mm2/s,the ones of the control groups were (0.68 ±0.04) × 10 -3mm2/s;AI of the treatment groups were(23.25 ±6.57)％,the ones of the control groups were (2.57 ± 0.58) ％.There were difference in both groups ( t =4.473,5.874 ; P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion DWI can be effectively to monitor the early pathological changes of hepatic Bel7402 tumors after Ad.CD-TK double suicide gene therapy,and provide experimental evidences for clinical application.