Pachychoroid spectrum diseases includes central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC),pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy,pachychoroid neovasculopathy,and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy,which share common characteristics,including focal or diffused increased choroidal thickness,choroidal hyperpermeability,and dilated choroidal vessels.These diseases are likely to represent a continuum of the same pathogenic process.Similar features and association among them suggest that they may have similar etiology.It is of great clinical significance to understand the composition and typical morphological changes of pachychoroid-related diseases and to explore its possible pathogenesis.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of baicalin on human osteosarcoma MG63 cells apoptosis and the expression of MMPs. METHODS:Treated with 0(blank control),5,10,20,40,80,160,320 μg/ml baicalin for 24 h,the survival rate,the expression amount of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected,and IC50 was calculated. Cell apoptosis was observed. RESULTS:Com-pared with blank control group,after treated with baicalin,survival rate of MG63 cells decreased,while apoptotic amount in-creased,the expression amount of MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased;there was statistical significance in the expression amount de-crease of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in MG63 cells after treated with 320 μg/ml baicalin(P<0.05);IC50 was(40.21±9.20)μg/ml,all responses were in concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS:Baicalin can inhibit the proliferation of MG63 cells,induce cell apoptosis,and inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in cells under high concentration.

Objective To observe the effects of shenfu injection (SFI) on the awakening quality of the patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis undergoing splenectomy under general anethesia. Methods Forty patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and hepatic insufficiency (ASA classⅡ~Ⅲ) underwent splenectomy by general anesthesia. Patients were all sent into the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) shortly after the operation with unconscious and no spontaneously breathing. They were randomly divided into two groups: SFI treatment group (Group SFI, n =20) and normal saline controlled group (Group NSC, n = 20). SFI group were treated with SFI (1 mL/kg, i. v.) in 10 minutes, and NSC group were treated with normal saline (1 mL/kg,i.v.). The time of eyes opening, extubation of tracheal catheter and the detention time of PACU were recorded. The heart rate (HR) and the average artery presses (MAP) were monitored at 4 time points: before SFI and normal saline administration, 5 min, 15 min, and 45 min after administration. The incidence of restlessness during the patients awakening period was also recorded. Results The time of eyes opening, extubation and the detention time of PACU of SFI group show no significant difference compared with the NSC group (P > 0.05). SFI and normal saline intravenous injection did not cause significant changes on HR and MAP at the time of 5 min , 15 min and 45 min compared to the time of before administration (P > 0.05). The incidence of restlessness during the patients resuscitation period in SFI group were lower than in NSC group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Shenfu injection can effectively improve the awakening quality and decrease the incidence of restlessness of the patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis undergoing splenectomy under general anesthesia during the awakening period in PACU.

0 05), respectively.Conculsion Transduction of NKG 5SV into NK cell can augment its cytotoxic activity by enhancing its cytolytic ability.

Objective To analyze molecular classification and male breast cancer (MBC) triggers,clinical characteristics in patients with MBC and evaluate the prognosis.Methods 36 MBC patients enrolled in the past 5 years were retrospectively analyzed.100 patients with women breast cancer (WBC) in the same period were randomly selected as control group.The primary pathological type of MBC was the infiltrating ductal carcinoma.According to the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER),progesterone receptor (PR),and the epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2),the MBC can be divided into 4 kinds of molecular subtypes,Luminal type A,Luminal type B,Her-2 type,and Basal-like type.Results The ratio of MBC patients with grade Ⅲ was lower in the Luminal group A than that in the Luminal group B.There were significant differences (x2 =1.197,P ＜ 0.05) between these two groups.Conclusion The incidence rate of MBC is low but the prognosis is poor.The primary pathological type is the infiltrating ductal carcinoma.The ratio of MBC patients with grade Ⅲ is lower in the common Luminal group A than that in the common Luminal group B.

Objective To explore the correlation between serum uric acid levels and uric acid excretion indexes in children with primary nephrot?ic syndrome(PNS),and to reveal the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its possible causes in PNS. Methods The clinical data in 74 cases of pe?diatric PNS were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were grouped as hyperuric acid(HUA)or non?hyperuric acid(NUA),and their clinical features and laboratory findings were compared between two groups,including age,serum uric acid,serum creatinine,urea,cystatin C,triglycer?ide,cholesterol,albumin,creatinine clearance rate,24 hours urine uric acid,serum uric acid/serum creatinine,uric acid clearance,and the frac?tional excretion of uric acid and other indicators of differences. In addition ,a correlation analysis was carried out for the excretion of uric acid index. Results Several factors were lower in HUA group than that of NUA group ,such as the serum albumin and fractional excretion of uric acid(P1=0.034,P2=0.025);while the serum cystatin C and serum uric acid/serum creatinine ratio(P1=0.038,P2=0.001)was higher in HUA group. The uric acid excretion was negatively correlated with serum uric acid levels in all 74 children with PNS(r=-0.43,P=0.016),and the serum uric acid/creatinine ratio was positively correlated with serum uric acid(r=0.486,P=0.001). Conclusion Both the increase of blood uric acid production and excretion reduction were observed in children with PNS ,and the serum uric acid levels and renal tubular function is closely related.

Objective To investigate the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) signal transduction pathway in regulating the expression of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in human amnion epithelial cells.Methods Primary cell culture of human amnion epithelial cells deriving from amnion of term pregnancy with normal amniotic fluid volume (AFV) or isolated oligohydramnios was conducted in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College from January to November 2011.Either group included 10 elective cesarean cases.The primarily cultured cells were treated with different concentrations (0,5,10,20 and 40 mol/L) of ERK inhibitors (U0126) for 12 h,and then the optimal concentration of U0126 which resulted in the lowest expression of phospho~ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) was added for different durations(0,2,6,12 and 24 h).Immunocytochemistry was used to detect the localization of AQP3 and Western blot analysis was used to examine the expression of total ERK1/2,p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 in human amnion epithelial cells.Statistical analysis was performed by t-test and one-way ANOVA.Results (1) Compared with those in normal AFV group,p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 expression in human amnion epithelium cells decreased in oligohydramnios group,respectively (p-ERK1/2:3.46 ± 0.33 and 2.46±0.25;AQP3:2.34 ± 0.18 and 1.56±0.10,t=9.243 and 13.292,P＜0.01).(2) In oligohydramnios groups,after treated with different concentrations of U0126,the expressions of total ERK1/2 did not change (F=0.365,P＞0.05).The expression of p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 in 5,10,20,40 μmol/L U0126 (p-ERK1/2:0.96±0.16,1.12±0.13,0.98±0.17 and 1.02±0.26; AQP3:1.10±0.09,1.12±0.08,1.13±0.06 and 1.11±0.06) were all significantly lower than those in 0 μmol/LU0126 group (p-ERK1/2:2.46±0.25; AQP3:1.56±0.10,P＜0.05).However,the expression of p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 showed no significant difference among 5,10,20,and 40μmol/L U0126 groups (P＞0.05).The optimal concentration of U0126 was 5 μmol/L.After treated with 5 μmol/L U0126 for 2 h,the expressions of p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 (1.27±0.29 and 1.44±0.12)were lower than those after treated for 0 h (2.55±0.12 and 2.15±0.09,P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference among groups treated for 2,6,12 and 24 h.Therefore,the optimal treatment time was 2 h.(3) The expression of AQP3 was distributed in both cell membrane and cytoplasm in amnion epithelial cells with normal amniotic fluid volume or isolated oligohydramnios,but mainly in cytoplasm.U0126 did not change the localization of AQP3 expression.Conclusions U0126 inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and expression of AQP3 of women with oligohydramnios,indicating that the MAPK/ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway might regulate the expression of AQP3 in human amnion epithelial cells,and therefore affect the balance of amniotic fluid volume.

BACKGROUND:Polyurethane has good mechanical and physical characteristics and is extensively used in
clinical and experimental studies, but its hydrophobicity and histocompatibility are not ideal, which limits its use in tissue engineering as a biomaterial scaffold to some extents.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the hydrophilicity of polyurethane membrane grafted with silk fibroin and glutin and its compatibility with human hypopharyngeal cel s.
METHODS:The changes in hydrophilicity of polyurethane membrane grafted with silk fibroin and glutin were detected by contact angle measurements. Human hypopharyngeal fibroblasts were cultured in vitro on
polyurethane membrane, silk fibroin-polyurethane membrane, glutin-polyurethane membrane and tissue culture plate. Cel compatibility was compared using cytometry and cel morphology obsevation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hydrophilicity of silk fibroin-or glutin-polyurethane membranes significantly increased (P<0.01). The hydrophilicity of silk fibroin-polyurethane membrane was higher than that of
glutin-polyurethane membrane (P<0.01). The number of cel s on the tissue culture plate was the most. The number of human hypopharyngeal fibroblasts on the silk fibroin-or glutin-polyurethane membrane was higher
than that on the polyurethane membrane, especial y on the silk fibroin-polyurethane membrane. These suggested that hydrophilicity and cel compatibility of silk fibroin-or glutin-polyurethane membrane were elevated.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of Probiotics in the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS:The recent pertinent literature about the use of Probiotics in the treatment of UC was retrieved from PubMed and Medline and the methodology and literature quality were evaluated in accordance with the evaluation criteria for the quality of literature of evidence-based medicine.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The majority of the studies showed that Probiotics are of positive value for the remission of the US at acute stage and maintaining of remission induction of drugs in the treatment of UC.Strictly designed and randomized controlled trials(RCTs)remain to be done to tackle the problems encountered by the micro-ecological preparations as a new therapy in the treatment of UC.