Objective To identify major factors which affect the completion quality of projects and build predictive models,and to propose strategies and suggestions for total process quality management of clinical research projects of the hospital.Methods Collect relevant literatures from home and abroad;consult completion reports of various research projects completed from 2003 to 2010 and sum up problems found in such projects.Carry out in-depth interviews with principal investigators,supervisors of scientific research of the hospital as well as administrators of sponsor institutions.A questionnaire survey was made on completed clinical research projects undertaken from 2003 to 2010.Results Six key factors affecting implementation of such projects were derived from factor analysis,which are research technology and external environment,project teamwork,research subject availability,project organization,manpower input,and research design.A multiple logistic regression analysis found project internal management and manpower input as two leading predictive factors for project completion outcomes,while the former has a greater impact than the latter.Conclusion Project management should focus on the 6 key factors affecting project quality.The two main predictive factors should attract greater attention and resources in both supervision and management.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of Gram‐negative bacterial blood‐stream infection in ICU for conducting the risk evaluation and guiding medication .Methods The inpatients were diagnosed with Gram‐negative bacterial blood‐stream infec‐tion in ICU of the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2013 to December 2014 were retrospectively surveyed and analyzed .The risk factors of blood‐stream infection caused by Gram‐negative bacteria were analyzed and screened by the Logistic re‐gression analysis method .Results A total of 172 case‐times of blood‐stream infection occurred in ICU during this period ,including 93 case‐times of Gram‐negative bacterial infection .The Gram‐negative pathogenic bacteria were Acinetobacter baumanii ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumanii ,E .coli ,pseudomonas aeruginosa ,etc .Except E .coli was mainly originated from community acquired infection ,other bacteria were mainly originated from nosocomial infection .In order to differing from other pathogenic bacterial blood stream infection ,the Logistic regression analysis results showed that the independent risk factors of G‐negative bacterial blood‐stream infection in ICU had serum PCT levels over 10 .0 ng/mL (OR= 60 .52 ,P= 0 .001) ,receiving the therapy of carbapenem and third generation cephalosporins (OR=16 .09 ,P=0 .03) ,hospitalization duration less than 2 weeks be‐fore suffering from disease (OR=13 .79 ,P=0 .03) and digestive system basic disease(OR=12 .94 ,P=0 .01) .Conclusion Gram‐negative bacterial blood‐stream infection in ICU of the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University is mainly caused by multi‐drug resist‐ant bacteria .Serum PCT level over 10 .0 ng/mL ,hospitalization duration less than 2 weeks before infection ,receiving the therapy of carbapenem and third generation cephalosporin and basic diseases of digestive system are the independent risk factors influencing the occurrence and diagnosis of blood‐stream infection .

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of extemal application of Chinese medicine following tapping using a plum-blossom needle for allergic rhinitis.Methods:All 328 cases were randomized into an observation group of 206 cases,Chinese medicine group of 70 cases and point application group of 52 cases.Results:The differences between the observation and Chinese medicine groups (P＜0.01) and between the observation and point application group (P＜0.05) were both of statistical meaning.The cases in the observation obtained the best effect,the point application group obtained a moderate effect and the Chinese medicine group obtained the least effect.A younger age and an increased number of treatments contributed to a better effect.Conclusion:External application of Chinese medicine following tapping using a plum-blossom needle is safe and effective for allergic rhinitis.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents in the stems and leaves of Arachis hypogaea.Methods The isolated compounds Ⅰ—Ⅳ were obtained by the combination of silica gel,ODS-18,and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies.Structural elucidation was conducted by the moedrn spectral method.Results Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified from the water extraction,and there were four norsesquiterpene compounds from butanol extraction.They are arachiside A(Ⅰ),cucubalactone(Ⅱ),roseoside(Ⅲ),and citroside A(Ⅳ).Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a new compound named arachiside A and compounds Ⅱ—Ⅳ are isolated from the plants of Arachis Linn.for the first time.

OBJECTIVE:To raise the competition power of China's pharmaceutical enterprises,make them adapt to the principle of WTO better,and finally to build a safe,effective,and convenient pharmaceutical circulation channel.METHODS:To interview the pharmacy-related departments and enterprises in22provinces and cities to collect the firsthand materials,and consult a lot of literature.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The government should enhance the macro-management for the purpose to build a fair,unified and ordered national market;enterprise should promote and enhance themselves to improve the core competition capacity;the trade association should play a role in micro-harmonization.

Objective To investigate the relationships between Glucokinase(GCK) gene 4 tag single‐nucleotide polymorphisms , tagSNPs)sites which named rs12702070 ,rs2268569 ,rs2268573 and rs1476891 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes in Chinese South‐ern Han Population .Methods This study was designed as a case‐control .499 type 2 diabetes patients and 499 healthy controls were chosen .4 GCK tagSNPs sites were analyzed by improved multiple ligase detection reaction(iMLDR) ,and genotype and allele fre‐quency between T2D group and healthy controls could be determined by chi‐square test ,logistic regression analysis ,and tagSNPs were further analyzed under three genetic modes(dominant ,recessive and additive) .What′s more ,Haploview software was used to construct the haplotype of 4 GCK tagSNPs and the linkage disequilibrium(LD) and relationship between various GCK haplotype and T2D susceptibility could be analyzed .Results Genotype distribution of rs2268573 ,rs2268569 and rs1476891 and allele frequen‐cy in T2D group were no significant differences with health controls .Significant differences in genotype distribution of rs12702070 and allele frequency were observed between T2D group and health controls .Under dominant model and additive model ,genotype distribution of rs12702070 in T2D was significantly different from health controls .One LD domain was observed in 3 tagSNPs a‐mong those 4 sites of GCK gene .There are 4 main haplotypes(TAG ,TGG ,TAT ,CGG)in rs2268569 ,rs12702070 and rs1476891 , but all these haplotypes have no relevance to the individual risk of T2D(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The results indicated that the GCK gene tagSNPs site rs12702070 imparts susceptibility to T2D in Han Chinese ,but not rs2268573 ,rs2268569 and rs1476891 .Four main haplotypes in rs2268569 ,rs12702070 and rs1476891 have no relevance to T2D .

Objective To investigate the relationships between Glucokinase (GCK) gene 6 (tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms,tagSNPs)sites which named rs12702070,rs2971672,rs2268569,rs2268573,rs2300587 and rs1476891 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes in Chinese Southern Han Population.Methods This study was designed as a case-control.499 type 2 diabetes patients and 499 healthy controls were chosen.All subjects were from August 2013 to December 2014 in Zhongshan Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.6 GCK tagSNPs sites were analyzed by improved multiple ligase detection reaction (iMLDR),and genotype and allele frequency between T2D group and healthy controls could be determined by chi-square test,logistic regression analysis,and tagSNPs were further analyzed under three genetic modes(dominant,recessive and additive).What's more,Haploview software was used to construct the haplotype of 6 GCK tagSNPs and the linkage disequilibrium (LD) and relationship between various GCK haplotype and T2D susceptibility could be analyzed.Results Genotype distribution of rs2268573,rs2300587,rs2268569 and rs1476891 (x2 were 3.361,2.076,0.582 and 0.918 respectively,all P ＞0.05) and allele frequency (x2 were 0.222,1.980,0.590 and 0.851 respectively,all P ＞ 0.05) in T2D group were no significant differences with health controls.Significant differences in genotype distribution of rs2971672 and rs12702070 (x2 were 6.896 and 7.990 respectively,all P ＜ 0.01) and allele frequency (x2 were 4.708 and 5.979,P ＜ 0.05 and P ＜ 0.01 respectively) were observed between T2D group and health controls.Under dominant model (rs2971672:OR =1.74,95％ CI =1.17-2.57,P ＜ 0.01;rs12702070:OR =1.54,95 ％ CI =1.17-2.04,P ＜ 0.01) and additive model (rs2971672:OR =1.51,95 ％ CI =1.06-2.14,P ＜ 0.05;rs12702070:OR =1.26,95％ CI =1.04-1.52,P ＜ 0.05),Genotype distribution of rs2971672 and rs2971672 in T2D were significantly different from health controls.There are two LD domains in 5 tagSNPs among those 6 sites of GCK gene.There are three main haplotypes(TC,TA,CA)in rs2971672 and rs2300587,and four main haplotypes (TAG,TGG,TAT,CGG) in Rs2268569,rs12702070 and rs1476891.Although TAG,TGG,TAT and CGG have no relevance to the individual risk of T2D (P ＞ 0.05),haplotype TA and CA reduce the individual risk of T2D with OR 0.81 (95％ CI:0.66-1.00,P＜0.05) and0.78 (95％ CI:0.62-0.98,P ＜0.01)respectively.Conclusions The results indicated that GCK gene 2 tagSNPs sites included rs2971672 and rs12702070 imparts susceptibility to T2D in Han Chinese,but not rs2268573,rs2300587,rs2268569 and rs1476891.Haplotype TA and CA in rs2971672 and rs2300587 reduce the individual risk of T2D and four main haplotypes (TAG,TGG,TAT,CGG) in rs2268569,rs12702070 and rs1476891 have no relevance to T2D.

Objective To study the clinical significance of lung function and allergen detection in the diagnosis of cough variant asthma (CVA) in children. Method Forty-three cases of chronic cough in children with bronchial provocation (diastolic) test and skin prick allergy test results were analyzed, CVA group was 23 cases and control group was 20 cases. Results The positive of bronchial provocation (diastolic) test in CVA group was 19 cases, significantly higher than that in control group (3 cases, χ2=14.745, P ＜ 0.01 ).The positive of skin prick allergy test in CVA group was 17 cases , significantly higher than that in control group (5 cases, χ2 = 10.243,P ＜0.05). The correlation analysis showed that bronchial provocation (diastolic) test and skin prick allergy test was significantly correlated (r =0.404,P＜0.01 ).Conclusion Bronchial provocation (diastolic) test has an important role in the diagnosis of CVA; skin prick allergy test has a supporting role on the CVA diagnosis;allergens affect on lung function, bronchial provocation (diastolic) test with the help of skin prick allergy test in children with cough variant asthma diagnosis.

Objective To determine the effect of age,body figure and risk framing in making treatment decision for female patients with breast cancer.Methods Two groups of healthy female:one group of 60 female ages 18-24 from undergraduate student and the other group of 60 female ages 35-60 from the university community.Healthy women imagined that they had been diagnosed with breast cancer and received information regarding lumpectomy versus mastectomy and recurrence rates.Participants indicated whether they would choose lumpectomy or mastectomy and reasons.Results The different concern levels of body appearance between younger and older women influences treatment selection of lumpectomy versus mastectomy.Facing the risk information,older women were unlikely to select the breast conserving operation.Conclusions The factors of age and the attention to body figure would effect the choice of breast conserving operation or mastectomy.Risk information on the selection of treatment would not affected directly,but the effects of risk information on younger and older female is different.Nurses should provide the age-appropriate information who recently have been diagnosed with breast cancer regarding treatment alternatives to ensure their active participation in the decision-making process,female who have different levels of investment in body figure also may have different concerns about treatment,and should be alert on empathetic of such concerns.

Objective To observe the effects of selfmade Lifeihuayu decotion in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma.Methods 102 patients with bronchial asthma were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,each group had 51 cases.The patients in the control group were treated with the conven-tional treatment,while the patients in the observation group were treated with the conventional treatment plus selfmade Lifeihuayu decotion.They were treated for 8 weeks.The patients of the two groups were determined with lung function and blood gas analysis, including forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1 ) , forced inspiratory vital capacity ( FVC) ,peak expiratory flow( PEF) ,pH value,the partial pressure of oxygen( PaO2 ) and carbon dioxide partial pres-sure(PaCO2).Results The total effective rate were 98.0% in the observation group and 90.2% in the control group,the total efficiency of the observation group was significantly higher(χ2 =5.78,P<0.05).After treatment,the FEV1,FVC and PEF of the patient's in the two groups were significantly increased(t=5.325,4.821,2.761,all P<0.05),and compared with the control group,the FEV1,FVC and PEF of patients in the observation group improved more significantly(t=2.068,2.771,3.013,all P<0.05).After treatment,the PaO2 of the patient's in the two groups were significantly higher,which more obviously increased in the observation group than those in the control group( t=2.925,P<0.05).After treatment,the PaCO2 of the patient's in the two groups were significantly decreased,PaCO2 in the observation group significantly decreased more than that in the control group(t=3.063,P<0.05).Conclusion Selfmade Lifeihuayu decotion in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma has curative effect,and can signifi-cantly improve lung function and blood gas analysis of patients.