Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.The biomarkers that are tested in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is important for diagnosis,prognosis and treatment efficacy of MS.Therefore,CSF tests are essential in MS patients.This review summarized and discussed the CSF biomarkers in MS,including the clinical widely used biomarkers and research on potential biomarker candidates.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for comprehensive intervention and management of chronic disease in China.METHODS:The global chronic disease trends and disease burden were summarized;theoretical framework,practice and experience of international chronic disease management were summarized and analyzed as well as enlightenment on domestic chronic disease management.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:Worldwide prepresentative chronic disease theory model mainly involved USA chronic disease nursing model and WHO innovation care for chronic conditions.Main experience of international chronic disease management is that managing based on community,confirming preferential intervened disease types,adopting standardized clinical diagnosis and treatment pathway,designing rational transfer treatment system,providing patient self-management support.At pres ent,chronic disease management have been improved in China,but is still poor in community management.It is necessary to strengthen community medical staff training about chronic disease prevention and treatment and health education for social group.

0 05), respectively.Conculsion Transduction of NKG 5SV into NK cell can augment its cytotoxic activity by enhancing its cytolytic ability.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinicopathological features,immunohistochemical phenotype of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma.MethodsEight cases of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma admitted to our hospital from January 2001to January 2011were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological characteristics,and immunohistochemical staining for phenotype were analyzed,then the follow-up data were summarized.ResultsAll 8 patients with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma was male,with a median age of 47 years old.Tumors were located in the pancreatic head in 4 patients,pancreatic body and tail in 4 patients.The average tumor size was 4.5 cm × 4.0 cm × 3.2 cm,the section appeared as gray or gray-red and presented as solid or cystic lesions.Larger tumors were often accompanied by hemorrhage and necrosis.Microscopically,the tumor cells arranged in acinic,cord,trabecular or solid nests.The cytoplasm was abundant and eosinophilic.The nuclear was round,oval,slightly atypia.lmmunohistochemical staining showed diffusely positive for CAM5.2,α-AT,α-ACT and focally positive for CA19-9,CEA,E-cad,β-cat and MUC-1 and only occasionally positive for AFP,NSE,Syn and CgA.Follow-up data showed there was one case of postoperative death due to postoperative pancreatic leakage with abdominal infection.Liver metastasis occurred in 4 cases,among whom,2 cases died.ConclusionsPancreatic acinar cell carcinoma is a rare epithelial malignant tumor of pancreas,with distinct phenotype characteristics.

Background and purpose:miR-17-92 gene cluster overexpression has been observed in various cancers, such as lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer and prostate cancer. In this study, we established the stable cell line overexpressingmiR-17-92 to explore the inlfuence ofmiR-17-92 on the migration, invasion abilities and cisplatin resistance of the prostate cancer DU145 cells.Methods:miR-17-92 overexpression vectors were constructed. DU145 cells were infected with the viral supernatants produced by Phoenix A packaging system. Real-time lfuorescent quanti-tative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) was conducted to detect the expression level of miR-17-92 in the cells. The migration and invasion abilities were measured by a real-time xCELLigence system. The scratch healing assay was carried out to investigate the migration abilities. The expression of integrin β1 was detected by Western blot, and the activities of matrix metalloprotein-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) were measured by gelatin zymography experiment. The cell growth of the two cell lines after the treatment of cisplatin was detected by a real-time xCELLigence system. The mRNA expression ofERCC1 was measured by RTFQ-PCR. Western blot was conducted to investigate the protein expressions of ERCC1, ERK1/2 and pERK1/2.Results:DU145-miR-17-92 cells migrated faster than DU145-control cells during the 24 h continuous monitoring (P<0.01). The scratch healing assay indicated that DU145-miR-17-92 cells migrated from the edge towards the scratch center faster than DU145-control cells. DU145-miR-17-92 cells invaded through matrigel markedly faster than DU145-control cells (P<0.01). The protein expression level of integrin β1 and the MMP-9 activities in DU145-miR-17-92 cells were increased than those in DU145-control cells. After the treatment of cisplatin, DU145-miR-17-92 cells grew faster than DU145-control cells, presenting cisplatin resistance (P<0.01). The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in DU145-miR-17-92 cells was constantly at a high level regard-less of the treatment of cisplatin. Compared with DU145-control cells, the expression of drug resistance-related gene ERCC1 was dramatically increased in DU145-miR-17-92 cells after the treatment of cisplatin.Conclusion:miR-17-92 overexpression increases the migration and invasion abilities of the prostate cancer DU145 cells, which is associated with the upregulated expression of integrin β1 and the increased activity of MMP-9. Besides,miR-17-92 overexpression enhances the cisplatin resistance of DU145, which is correlated with the increased phosphorylation level of ERK and the upregulated expression of ERCC1 at both the mRNA and protein levels.

ObjectiveTo develop a quantitative method for simultaneously determining multi-components in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma using one chemical reference substance.MethodsThe contents of multi-components were calculated by the UV relative correction factors (RCFs) of chrysophanol,physcion,and rhein to emodin.ResultsThe values of RCFs at 274 nm for rhein,chrysophanol,and physcion to emodin were 0.712,0.674,and 1.051.The calibration curves were linear over the ranges of 0.02-4.08,0.02-4.12,0.07- 12.92,and 0.02-3.68 μg/mL for rhein,emodin,chrysophanol,and physcion,respectively.The contents of emodin in 18 samples were determined by the extemal standard method,and the contents of the other three anthraquinone aglycones were calculated according to their RCFs.ConclusionNo significant difference is found in comparison with the classical method,indicating that the RCFs have high reliability within their linear ranges and could be used in quality control of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma.The quantitative analysis of multi-component with a single marker is especially suitable for herbal medicines containing unstable or hard to be purified components as quality control markers.

Objective To study the protection effect of dexmedetomidine and ulinastatin on acute lung in-jury caused by hepatic ischemia reperfusion. Methods 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the blank group, saline group, the dexmedetomidine group, the ulinastatin group, the dexmedetomidine and ulinastatin group. Ischemia-reperfusion models were established and drugs were administrated through femoral vein. The levels of MDA, SOD and ICAM were detected. Results Compared with the blank group, the rest of the groups of PaO2, pH and SOD activity were significantly lower (P < 0.05), and BE, pathological grading, MDA, ICAM levels were significantly higher (P<0.05). PaO2, pH and SOD activity of ulinastatin group were significantly lower in the phys-iological saline group (P < 0.05), BE, pathological grading, MDA level, ICAM levels were significantly elevated in the physiological saline group (P<0.05). Conclusion Combination of dexmedetomidine and ulinastatin have protection effect on acute lung injury caused by hepatic ischemia reperfusion, its mechanism may be related to in-hibit neutrophil aggregation, improve their antioxidant capacity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

BACKGROUND:Endothelial progenitor cel s have been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of traumatic diseases in recent years. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of magnetic labeled endothelial progenitor cel transplantation on renal function of diabetic rats through a MRI imaging study.METHODS:Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal (no treatment), control and experimental groups. Intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin was performed to make a rat model of type 1 diabetes in the control and experimental groups. Four weeks after modeling, rats in the experimental group were given intravenous injection of magnetic labeled endothelial progenitor cel s (0.15 mL, 1×109/L). Fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and 24-hour urinary protein levels in rats were measured at 8 weeks after cel transplantation. MRI was used to trace transplanted cel s in vivo in comparison with renal biopsy findings, and rat body mass and kidney weight were measured to calculate kidney weight index. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After modeling, fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and 24-hour urinary protein levels as wel as kidney weight index were increased significantly (P<0.05), while the insulin level decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the endothelial progenitor cel transplantation reversed these indices (P<0.05). Additional y, in the experimental group, there was slightly longer T1 and shorter T2 signals as wel as marked lesion edge, and the FLASH sequence became more remarkable compared with the T2-weighted RARE sequence. The other groups showed no significant low signal changes. Magnetic-labeled positive cel s in the experimental group showed by the MRI were consistent with the tissue biopsy results, while no positive cel s were found in the model and normal groups. To conclude, the magnetic labeled endothelial progenitor cel transplantation can improve renal dysfunction in diabetic rats to a certain extent.

Purpose This subject detected the expression of paper miRNA34a,c-myc gene and protein in adenocarcinoma of lung tissue,adjacent mucosa tissue and normal lung tissue exploring the relationship between the two and the clinical significance.Method The project mainly used the method of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR),Western blot and immunohistochecical to detect the expression of miRNA34a and c-myc in normal tissue and adenocarcinoma of lung respectively.Result (1) lower expression of miRNA34a in lung adenocarcinoma tissue,lower than the adjacent and normal tissues (P ＜ 0.01),higher than the metastatic carcinoma group (P ＜ 0.01).C-myc is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissue,higher than the adjacent and normal tissues (P ＜0.01),lower than the metastatic carcinoma tissue (P ＜ 0.01).miRNA34a and c-myc beside carcinoma tissues and normal tissues also have significant difference between the statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Differentiation of low and high there was no statistically significant difference between patients with lung adenocarcinoma (P ＞ 0.05).there were significant differences in the expression of miRNA34a and c-myc in the tissues of metastatic and non metastatic adnocarcinoma.(3)The positive expression of c-myc group of lung cancer patients was lower than that of the negative group (P ＜ 0.05),low expression of the survival time in miRNA34a group was significantly lower than that in high expression group,there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Expression of miRNA34a and c-myc both showed a negative correlation in adenocarcinoma of lung.

Objective To establish the rapid purification of Coxsackievirus A16 using ultracentrifugation .And To prepare and i‐dentify the neutralizing monoclonal antibody against CA16 .Methods The CA16 culture supernatant was harvested and then con‐centrated by 100K capsule .The concentration of CA16 was purified by cesium chloride ultracentrifugation .Purification of CA16 were identified by transmission electron microscopy .BALB/c mice were immunized with inactivated CA16 .Spleen cells were harves‐ted and fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells ,hybridoma cell strain secreting mAb against CA16 were objected to screening .Character‐ization of the prepared mAb were analyzed by ELISA and microneutralization assay .Results The purified CA16 method of cesium chloride gradient ultracentrifugation was established ,TEM analysis was showed that CA16 particles have icosahedral structure ,the diameters of the viral particles were approximately 20-30 nm .Two hybridoma cell strains secreting mAb against CA16 were ob‐tained ,the subtypes of two mAbs were IgG2a ,the binding titers of Anti/CA16/5 and Anti/CA16/10 were 103 and 104 respectively . Neutralizing titer of the two mAbs were 1∶256 and 1∶1 024 respectively .Conclusion Establishment method of cesium chloride gradient ultracentrifugation was performed to purify CA16 ,the two mAbs with neutralizing ability to against CA16 may become ap‐plication of treatment and vaccine .