Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) has been increasingly used in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in the past 30 years.The effect of IVIG is obvious,but its mechanism of action is unclear.This review discusses the progresses in mechanism of action of IVIG in recent years,which include the F(ab) 2 and Fc receptor-mediated mechanisms of IVIG,modulation of adhesion molecules and cytokine production.We also discuss these mechanisms with respect to the different autoimmune and inflammatory diseases for which they might be relevant.

Objective To investigate the effect of Tomatis audio training on executive dysfunction in patients with stroke. Methods A total of 80 stroke patients from the Rehabilitation Branch,Tangshan Worker′s Hospital were enrolled prospectively. They were divided into either a music group or a control group (n = 40 in each group)according to random number table. On the basis of conventional rehabilitation training,both groups received music training. The patients of the control group received conventional music training (conventional frequency music without audio processing);the patients of the music group received Tomatis audio training. Both groups were trained at the same time,once a day for 60 -90 min,and they were trained for 2 cycles. The first cycle was 14 days and the second one was 10 days,the interval of the 2 cycles was 30 days (a total of 54 days). The Behavioral Assessment of Dys-executive Syndrome (BADS)was used to assess their executive dysfunction before and after music training. Results The 6 sub-projects of BADS in the music group after music training:the rule shift cards test,action program test,key seek test, temporal judgment test,zoo map test,modified six elements test,and total standard score (median 75 ])2. 0 (1. 2,2. 7),2. 0 (1. 0,2. 0),2. 0 (1. 0,2. 0),2. 0 (1. 0,2. 0),2. 0 (2. 0,2. 0),2. 0 (2. 0,3. 0),and 11. 0 (11. 0,12. 0),respectively). They were compared with those of the control group (1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,2. 0],1. 0[1. 0,1. 0],and 8. 0[8. 0,10. 0],respectively]. There were significant differences between the 2 groups (all P < 0. 05). Conclusion Tomatis audio training may effectively improve the executive function in patients with stroke.

With the neonatal intensive care techniques developing,the survival rate of preterm infants has increased markedly.However,these survival preterm infants are extremely vulnerable to develop various diseases,of which brain injury is the most important cause of the disability in preterm infants.At present,encephalopathy of prematurity,the incidence of which is rarely reported in domestic and national reports,mainly refers to white matter injury (WMI).This article reviews the different domestic and national reports about the incidence of encephalopathy of prematurity.

Objective To evaluate the susceptibilities of different testing methods of tigecycline against IRAB. Methods MIC and inhibitory zone diameters of 32 strains of IRAB for tigecyclinc were determined by different testing methods.Data were analyzed by comparing the results from each method to those produced by the reference macro broth dilution method. Results The rates of sensitivity intermediate resistance detected by macro broth dilution method , agardilution , MTS and Vitek-2 instrument , disk diffusion method were as follows , 34.375%, 65.625%, 0%, 3.125%, 81.25%, 15.625%, 75%, 25%, 0%, 78.125%, 21.875%, 0%, 3.125%, 81.25%, 15.625%. Compared with macro broth dilution method ,the key major error rate of other methods was 0% by FDA breakpoints , but the CA and EA rates were less than 90%. Conclusions Tigecycline has good activity against the IRAB, with significant difference in susceptible rate among the different methods.

Objective To evaluate the endometrium receptivity of endometriosis (EMs) infertile patients, and observe the influence of TCM treatment to endometrium receptivity and IVF-ET pregnancy outcome. Methods Fifty EMs infertile patients were randomly divided into two groups. The reatment group (30 cases) kept taking TCM for 3 month continuously before IVF-ET embryo transplantation, and the control group (20 cases) received no treatment, with 30 healthy women as normal control. Using transvaginal color doppler ultrasound to detect and compare the endometrial thickness, endometrium and endometrial blood flow distribution types, and uterine artery blood flow parameters in window transvaginal stage. Results There was no difference in endometrial thickness between the EMs infertility patients and the normal group, and the endometrial thickness also had no obvious changes before and after treatment (P>0.05). RI and PI of EMs infertility patients were significantly increased, compared the with normal control group (P<0.05). In treatment group, the persentage of type Ⅰ blood distribution was 23.33%(7/30), in control group was 25.00%(5/20), and 66.67%(20/30) in the normal group, significantly higher than that of the EMs infertility patients (P<0.01). Uterine artery blood flow parameters RI, PI value were significantly decreased after treatment in treatment group, endometrium and endometrial blood flow type Ⅰ distribution increased to 60.00%(18/30). The rate of normal pregnancy was 46.67% (14/30) in treatment group, and control group was 30.00% (6/20). Conclusion EMs may affect uterine artery hemodynamic status and endometrium receptivity. TCM treatment can improve the endometrium receptivity of EMs infertile patients and improve the success rate of IVF-ET.

Fifty-one patients with bee-sting poisoning were divided into slight poisoning group (n =22),moderate poisoning group (n =20) and severe poisoning group (n =9).And 30 healthy persons were selected as control group.The levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8),Von Willebrand factor (vWF),prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),fibrinogen (FIB),thrombin time (TT) and D-dimer were measured.The levels of all parameters in slight poisoning group were no significantly different from with control group (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of PT,APTT,IL-8 and vWF were significantly higher in moderate and severe poisoning groups than those in the control group (P ＜0.01).But the levels of APTT,IL-8 and vWF in severe poisoning group were much higher than those in moderate poisoning group (P ＜0.01).The injury of vascular endothelial cell by IL-8 and vWF caused the change of coagulative function and promoted the progress of inflammation.

Objective To explore photodynamic therapeutic efficiency and related mechanisms of a new porphyrin-typed photodynamic therapy (PDT) drug synthesized in our lab on HGC27 and MGC803 cells.Methods Two different kinds of gastric cancer cells, HGC27 and MGC803, were chosen as cell lines to evaluate the PDT efficiency of new porphyrin-typed PDT drug based upon four group experiments: control (no drug, no light) group, drug treated group (only drug, no light), light treated group (no drug, only light) and experiment group (with drug and light at the same time). Bleaching method was used to evaluate the photostability of new porphyrin-typed PDT drug upon repititive illumination. MTT assay was carried out to test the survival rate of tumor cells after PDT. Cofocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was applied to observe subcellular localization of drug in HGC27 and MGC803 cells (mitochondria and lysosome). Results New porphyrin-typed PDT drug has good stability to light, no toxicity on HGC27 and MGC803 cells without light (P>0.05), while intense lethal effect was observed upon light illumination (P<0.05). The peak efficacy appeared when concentration is 3.12 μmol/L for both HGC27 and MGC803 cells and the new porphyrin-typed PDT drug localizes in lysosome other than traditional mitochondrion. Conclusion New porphyrin-typed PDT drug is a good photodynamic therapeutic sensitizer for HGC27 and MGC803 tumor cells.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of baicalin,baicalein and wogonin in Hua-tan pingchuan tablet. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column was Diamonsil C18 with mobile phase of methanol-0.1%phosphoric acid(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 277 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃, and the injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.069 04-0.690 4 μg for baicalin(r=0.999 4),0.054 56-0.5456 μg for baicalein(r=0.999 6)and 0.030 36-0.303 6 μg for wogonin(r=0.999 1);RSDs of precision,stability and reproduc-ibility tests were lower than 2%;recoveries were 97.64%-99.06%(RSD=0.57%,n=6),98.31%-100.64%(RSD=0.85%,n=6) and 97.53%-99.48%(RSD=0.76%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,stable and reproducible,and can be used for the contents determination of baicalin,baicalein and wogonin in Huatan pingchuan tablet.

Objective To study the photodynamic therapeutical efficacy of a novel photosensitizer DTP on sensitive gastric cancer cells (SGC7901) and vincristine-resistant gastric cancer cells (SGC7901/VCR).Methods The P-gp expression on the SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cell membrane was indirectly confirmed by fluorescence microscopy.The survival rates of SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells were evaluated by cell counting kit (CCK-8) after photodynamic therapy with DTP.The intracellular DTP uptake levels of two types of cell were determined using a fluorescence spectrophotometer,and the intracellular DTP distributions were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.Results The novel photosensitizer DTP has considerable photodynamic cytotoxic effect on SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells.However,this effect on the SGC7901NCR cells was relatively weak (P＜0.05),and could not be enhanced by P-gp inhibitor verapamil or cyclosporine A(P＞0.05).The DTP uptake level in SGC7901 cells was higher than that in SGC7901/VCR cells (P＜0.05),and could not be enhanced by P-gp inhibitor verapamil and cyclosporin A (P＞0.05).It was found that DTP distributed in the lysosomes of SGC7901 cells and in the lysosomes and mitochondria of SGC7901/VCR cells.Conclusions The novel photosensitizer DTP is not the substrate of multidrug transporter P-gp,and its weaker photodynamic cytotoxic effect on SGC7901/VCR cells is independent of the P-gp overexpression on its cell membrane,which may be related to the distribution of intracellular DTP in the two types of cell.

ObjectiveTo explore an effective educational method of medical humanity to improve the medical humanistic quality for nursing students and to lay a basis for the culture of medical personnel with high-quality.MethodsTwo classes of nursing students in grade 2010 were selected randomly and divided into the control group ( CG,n=65 ) and the experimental group ( EG,n=62 ).Personnel training project of our school was applied in the control group including the teaching of compulsory basis medical humanity courses:medical psychology,interpersonal communication,medical ethics and laws from the first semester to the third semester after entering the school.The pervasive teaching method was used in the EG.The basic content of humanistic quality,education was integrated systematically into the teaching of every course,class and extra-curricular activity in a planned way.The check on the topic of etiquette,verbal expression and communication and psychological quality ( the full mark of each topic was 10 points ) was conducted in the third semester in the two groups.The average points of the three topics were graded as the students' final mark of this course.T-test analysis on students' mark of each subject was used.Results The result of t-test showed that the marks of etiquette and psychological quality in EG were obviously higher than those in CG ( P＜0.05 ),however,no statistic difference in speech communication and expression was observed.ConclusionThe pervasive teaching method is beneficial to students concerning the accepting,understanding,digesting and absorbing of medical humanity knowledge can it can effectively enhance the humanistic quality of medical students.