Patients with severe cerebrovascular diseases are often complicated with central hyponatremia in clinical,which can lead to electrolyte disorders and break the homeostasis.The current medical research found that cerebral salt consumption syndrome (CSWS) and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) are common causes of central hyponatremia.As one of risk factors that affect the curative effect and prognosis,central hyponatremia tends to increase mortality in patients with severe cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the stenosis of clinically relevant artery or the characteristics of carotid plaques and frequent transient ischemic attacks(TIA).Methods Seventy-nine consecutive patients sufiered TIA attribute to carotid territory in the acute phase(within 7 days )who had been admitted to neurology department of Xuanwu Hospital from August 2005 to January 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients with nonatherosclerotic vasculal disease were excluded.According to the times of TIA from the first attack to the day of hospitaliztion(within 7 days)patients were divided into two groups:those who had sparse TIA(onsets＜3 times),and those who had multiple TIA(onsets≥3 times).All patients underwent the examination of DSA.carotid ultrasound and transcranial doppler.The degree of stenosis of clinically relevant artery and the characteristics of carotid plaques were compared between the two groups.According to degree of stenosis of relevant artery,we defined as normal or＜50%stenosis.50%-69%stenosis.70%-99%stenosis or occlusion.According to the characteristics of carotid plaques we divided into stable or unstable plaques.Resuits Patients with TIA in carotid territory had more intracranial artery diseases.The middle cerebral artery was the most commonly involved artery(5 1.2%).the extracranial internal carotid artery was the next(37.2%).Multiple TIA were more likely to have a short duration of symptoms≤10 min than sparse TIA(x2=5.343,P=0.021).A significant stenosis of clinically relevant artery(≥50%)was demonstrated more frequently in the multiple TIA group(66.7%)than in the sparse TIA group(35.3%,x2=7.655,P=0.006).No significant correlation was observed between the multiple TIA and characteristics of carotid plaques in the focus side(x2=0.939,P=0.332).Conclusions Frequent TIA is significantly associated with a short duration of symptoms and≥50% stenosis of clinically relevant artery.Transient flow reduction by hemodynamic compromise may he an important mechanism of frequent TIA.

Extranodal nasal type NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Due to its low occurrence even in prevalent areas,there has been no large sample randomized controlled clinical trials.Therefore,no standard therapeutic strategy is currently identified in this disease.Tumor cells are insensitive to conventional anthracyclines-containing chemotherapy because of high expression of multi-drug resistant gene 1.Regimens that incorporate the use of L-asparaginase or gemcitabine result in substantial improvements in overall response rate and are promising treatment for ENKTL.Targeted therapy,immunomodulatory therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are still under research.

Acute pancreatitis with high decomposition and metabolic state, is one of the common acute abdominal pain in children. The patients are vulnerable to malnutrition during the illness. Reasonable nutrition therapy has an important role in pancreatitis management. Compared with parenteral nutrition,enteral nutrition,especially early enteral nutrition within 48 hours,can maintain the gut barrier function,reduce the incidence of enterogenic infection and multiple organ function failure,shorten length of hospital stay and re-duce the hospitalization expenses. Enteral nutrition should be initiated first,if feasible. Enteral nutrition,either by nasojejunal tube or via nasogastric tube,is believed to be safe and effective.

Objective To explore the role of combined respiratory function combined with drug therapy in the rapid recovery of lung cancer patients, and to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods Forty patients with early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent surgical treatment from January 2012 to December 2015 were selected as subjects and were randomly divided into intervention group and control group (n=20) according to the order of admission. All patients were treated with routine chemotherapy on the basis of routine chemotherapy of lung cancer, and routine perioperative care was carried out. The intervention group received comprehensive respiratory function exercise on the basis of them. There were psychological nursing, health education, perioperative respiratory function exercise and so on. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, quality of life improvement and postoperative rehabilitation were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of pulmonary complications in the intervention group was 5％ (1/20, only one case of pneumonia), the incidence of pulmonary complications in the control group was 35％ (7/20, 4 cases of pneumonia, two cases of atelectasis, one case of hypoxemia),the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of SF-36 in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The extubation time and postoperative hospital stay in the intervention group were shorter than in the control group. The 6-minute walking test (6MWK) was longer than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive respiratory function combined with treatment with etestin hydrochloride can reduce the early postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with early non-small cell lung cancer, improve its quality of life and promote rapid postoperative rehabilitation.

Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory airway disease in childhood. Adhering to a daily anti-inflammatory treatment is the most important cornerstone of bronchial asthma control. However,with the large number of clinical studies conducted in recent years,learning inhaled corticosteroids as an anti-inflam-matory drug of choice,there is a mixed compliance rate of inhaled corticosteroids in children. Standard treatment and control of asthma has yet to be further improved. This review discusses the medication adherence to long-term inhaled corticosteroid as well as the relevant aspects of research progress.

Objective To observe the changes of whole brain function in idiopathic generalized epilepsy(IGE).Methods Three-dimensional structure scan and resting-state functional scan were performed in 23 cases of IGE patients and 23 health controls at 3.0T super-conducting MRI scanner.Brain functional analysis by fALFF and ReHo methods were obtained and the changes of brain areas were compared.Correlation analysis between different brain regions of IGE patients with the course of disease were performed.Results Compared with normal controls,IGE group showed increasd fALFF in the bilateral precentral gyrus,left supplementary motor area, left cingulate gyrus,left paracentral lobule,left superior occipital gyrus,left calcarine cortex,left middle occipital gyrus and right precuneus;decreased fALFF in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus,right parahippocampa gyrus,right insula,right precuneus and left inferior parietal lobule(P<0.005).IGE group showed increasd ReHo in the left calcarine cortex,left superior parietal lobule, left postcentral gyrus,right precentral gyrus;decreased ReHo in the right fusiform gyrus,left lentiform nucleus,right inferior frontal gyrus,right superior medial frontal gyrus,left middle occiptal gyrus,right insula and bilateral inferior parietal lobule(P<0.005). These different brain regions in fALFF and ReHo results for IGE patients were no correlated with the course of disease.Conclusion IGE patients having wide range of brain areas with abnormal changes in function is the basis of the IGE complex clinical manifestations of the nerve.Combined application of two analysis methods of RS-fMRI can evaluate the change of brain function more comprehensively, and provide functional neuroanatomical evidence for the researches on neuro pathogenesis mechanism of IGE.

Renal medullary cystic diseases are a large class of heterogeneous diseases,and they are common in clinic,most of them often progress to end-stage renal disease.With recent advances in genetics,increasing number of genes and genetic mutations has been identified with the etiology of renal medullary cystic diseases.Although genetic testing can provide mass data for diagnosis,clinical manifestation are even more important for clinical diagnosis,differentiation and genetic counseling for the patients.In this review,the classification,renal presentations,extra-renal presentations,and genetic analysis of renal medullary cystic diseases will be discussed.

Objective To investigate the impact of ovarian carcinoma cells on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in human peritoneal mesothelial cells(HPMC). Methods HPMC was incubated with ovarian carcinoma cell line in SKOV3 conditioned medium(SKOV3-CM) for(3～ 72 hrs ). RT-PCR was used to detect VEGF gene expression. VEGF protein expression in cell lysates was assessed by ELISA. HPMC was cultured for 24 hrs in SKOV3-CM or SKOV3-CM with anti-transforming growth factor?1(TGF-?1)neutralizing antibody,and the changes in VEGF gene and protein expression were examined. Results VEGF mRNA and protein were detected in HPMC without stimulation of SKOV3-CM. SKOV3-CM significantly induced HPMC VEGF mRNA and protein expression in a time-dependent manner and the induction started 6h(for mRNA) and 12 h (for protein) after the treatment(P

Objective To investigate the interactions of ovarian carcinoma cells and human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) involved in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) expressions of ovarian carcinoma cells. Methods The conditioned medium (CM) of ovarian carcinoma cell SKOV3 was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for transforming growth factor ?1 (TGF-?1). The impact of SKOV3-CM in the presence or absence of TGF-?1 neutralizing antibody on fibronectin (Fn) gene expression of HPMC was studied by RT-PCR. HPMC were pretreated with serum-free medium, SKOV3-CM, SKOV3-CM+TGF-?1 neutralizing antibody, and SKOV3-CM+IgG, then the supernatant was collected as HPMC-CM1, HPMC-CM2, HPMC-CM3 and HPMC-CM4. SKOV3 were incubated with different HPMC-CM, HPMC-CM1+antibody against Fn or HPMC-CM1+IgG. MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene mRNA expressions and protein expressions of SKOV3 were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA respectively. Results TGF-?1 in SKOV3-CM was (236?22) ng/L. Fn gene mRNA expressions of HPMC before and after stimulation by SKOV3-CM were 1.328?0.025 and 2.643?0.051, and the latter was higher than the former (P