Objective To investigate the effect of Tianma Gouteng Decoction(TGD) on myocardial fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Twenty-four male SHR with 8 weeks old were equally randomized into three groups: TGD(20g/kg) group,captopril(100mg/kg)positive group and the model group.Eight Wistar Kyoto rats(WKY) with the same age served as the controls.The systolic blood pressure(SBP),left ventricular mass(LVM),left ventricular mass index(LVMI),myocardial collagen(MC) content in left ventricle of three groups were determined after treatment for 24 weeks.Meanwhile,the expression of myocardial insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) assay.Results TGD had an effect on decreasing the SBP,LVM,LVMI,MC content and IGF-1 expression(P

Objective To investigate the changes of collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ, the effects of Oleum Curcumae Aromaticae oil injection on injuried rat arteries and collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ after balloon angioplasty Methods The left common carotid artery in rats was denuded with a balloon catheter The rats were killed 14 days after injury Cross sections stained with picrosirius red from the injuried segments were processed for distribution, arrangememt, amount, proportion of collagen type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ by polarizing microscope, and those stained with hematoxylin eosin for histological and morphological changes studied by computer assisted picture analysis system Results Fourteen days after balloon injury, collagen type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ of the model group were found mainly in adventitia, much more, thicker, brighter and more disordered than those of the sham operation group Compared with the model group, collagen type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ of the E Zhu You group were found mainly in adventitia, less, thinner, dimmer and more orderly Lumen area, EEL perimeter, IEL perimeter of the model group were decreased and the areas of collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ increased more significantly than those of the sham operation group Compared with the model group, maximal intimal thickness, neointima area, the areas of collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ of the E Zhu You group were decreased significantly which was not different from those of the sham operation group Lumen area, EEL perimeter and IEL perimeter were increased markedly up to those of the sham operation group The ratio of collagen subtypes Ⅰ/Ⅲ was not significantly different between the two of the three groups Conclusion The accumulation and derangement of collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ may be more important in restenosis than the ratio of collagen subtypes Ⅰ/Ⅲ We concluded that Oleum Curcumae Aromaticae oil injection inhibits neointimal formation and vascular remodeling after arterial injury by mechanisms involving collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ production and their arrangement

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and improvement of patients' quality of life in tension-free vaginal tape(TVT)and tension-free vaginal tape obturator(TVT-O)for surgical treatment of severe female stress urinary incontinence.Methods This study was a randomized,singleblinded,controlled trial.Patients were randomized by a computer-generated randomization schedule with allocation to either TVT or TVT-O procedure.TVT procedure was performed in 35 cases and TVT-O in 34 cases.None had received surgery for urinary incontinence or was in pregnancy.Transvaginal hysterectomy and prolapse reparation were done simultaneously in some of the patients.All patients were requested to complete the Urinary Distress Inventory(UDI-6)and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire(ⅡQ-7)as part of their pre-and postoperative assessment.Results All patients were evaluable and the mean follow-up was 14.5 months.The mean operative time was(18±5)min in the TVT-O group,Significantly shorter than in the TVT group(27±5)min(P＜0.01).The two groups did not differ significantly in perioperative blood loss,postoperative complications(including tape erosion,pain in thigh or behind pubis),postvoid residual volume,hospital stays or expenses(all P＞ 0.05).Sixty patients were successfully treated for stress urinary incontinence(88.6%and 85.3%for TVT and TVT-O groups,respectively).There were significant improvements in postoperative scores for both the ⅡQ-7 and the UDI-6(P＜0.01),except in subscale measuring symptoms of voiding dysfunction(P＞0.05).Conclusions Both techniques appear to be equally effective in the surgical treatment of severe stress urinary incontinence in a short term review.Significant improvements could also be seen in patients' quality of life.However.TVT-O has a shorter operative time.No evidence of increasing risk of urethral obstruction after the operation could be found.Long term followups axe necessary to evaluate outcomes of different types of surgery for stress urinary incontinence.

BACKGROUND: 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) has been frequently used to induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)differentiation into cardiomyocyte.OBJECTIVE: To observe expression of cardiomyocyte-related receptors in cardiomyogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs.METHODS: BMSCs of passage three were assigned to four groups: group Ⅰ: L-DMEM solution alone was replaced; Ⅱ:L-DMEM solution was replaced after induction of 100 mg/L AST+5 μmol/L 5-Aza for 24 hours; group Ⅲ: L-DMEM solution wasreplaced after induction of 10 μmol/L 5-Aza for 24 hours; and group Ⅳ: L-DMEM solution was replaced after induction of 5 μmol/L5-Aza for 24 hours. Culture medium was replaced every 3 days in each group. Differentiated cells were identified after 30 days ofinduction.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Expression of cardiomyocyte specific proteins Nkx2.5, cTnT and Desmin was detected in groupsⅢ, Ⅳ and Ⅱ after induction compared with group Ⅰ , with significant differences (P < 0.01). The amount of cTnT and Desminexpression expression was significantly higher in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ compared with group Ⅳ (P < 0.01). The level of Nkx2.5expression was significantly higher in groups Ⅱ (P < 0.01) and Ⅲ (P < 0.05) compared with group Ⅳ. No Nkx2.5, cTnT andDesmin espression was detected in group Ⅰ. After induction for 2 weeks, cells with spontaneous contractility were observed ingroups Ⅱ and Ⅲ, indicating differentiation towards cardiomyocyte after induction. Results demonstrated that induction effectswere similar between 100 mg/L AST+5 μmol/L 5-Aza and 10 μmol/L 5-Aza. This may contribute to cytoprotective effects of AST,which can promote vascular endothelial cell proliferation, enhance celss tolerance to 5-Aza-induced cytotoxicity and upregulatecardiac-specific protein expression.

Objective To observe the effects of Tianma Gouteng Yin (TGY) on the proliferation of myocardial fibroblasts of spontaneous hypertensive rat(SHR) stimulated by insulin. Methods The cardiac fibroblasts from one-day-old spontaneously hypertensive rat were primarily cultured and then sub-cultured to 3rd-6th generation,and were identified with light microscopy and immunohistochemical technique. The effect of serum containing TGY on the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts of SHR treated with insulin was determined by MTT colorimetric assay and 3-H-TdR incorporation,and the cell cycle was analysised with flow cytometer. Results TGY inhibited the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts induced by insulin. Insulin can stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts by promoting the cell cycle transfer from G0/G1 period to S period and increasing the synthesis of cell DNA. Compared with the model group,the percentage of the cells at G0/G1 period was much higher,while the percentage of the cells at S period was much lower in TGY group. Conclusion TGY has the effect on inhibiting the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts and inhibiting the cell cycle transfer from G0/G1 period to S period,which may be one of its therapeutic and protective mechanisms for hypertension and myocardial fibrosis in clinic.

The cytoplasmic and nuclear changes during the development of goat oocytes were studied with light and electron microscopy. The oocyte development may be divided into 8 stages in accordance with the number and distribution of follicle cells and the size of the follicle. The results indicated that the Golgi complex, mitochondria, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and cortical granules became well developed and they moved into the cortical region as the oocyte development proceeded. In the oocytes in the follicle of 1.5-3mm in diameter, all the mitochondria became hooded and the number and size of fibrillar centers in the nucleolus reached maximum, but the nucleolar compaction still not occured at this stage. By the time when the follicle reached 3.5-5mm in diameter, the follicular cell processes began to degenerate, the microvilli of the oocyte withdrew from the zona pellueida and the oocytes might be cultured to mature in vitro. In the mature oocytes, Golgi complex and rough endoplasmic reticulum disappeared, the cortical granules arranged themselves in one layer beneath the oolemma, the mitochondria dispersed in the central region of cytoplasm and the eggs were ready for fertilization.

markers of endometriosis. Its clinical value deserves further investigation.

Objective To evaluate continuous improvement of portable domestic pelvic floor neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the pelvic floor function of patients with stress urinary incontinence after short-term pelvic floor electrophysiological treatment in hospital.Methods Totally 60 women with stress urinary incontinence were recruited for this randomized controlled trial.The control group including a total of 30 patients,only received 4 weeks pelvic floor electrophysiological treatment in the hospital.Family consolidation treatment group (experimental group) including 30 patients,after 4-week treatment in hospital,received 12-week of pelvic floor neuromnuscular electrical stimulation using portable electrical stimulator at home under the guidance of doctors.In post-treatment 6 months and 9 months,1-hour pad test was measured for urine leakage,pelvic floor electrical physiological parameters were assessed,and subjective improvement of symptoms of urinary incontinence were evaluated.All these data were analysed to compare the effect of the two groups.Results In 9 months after treatment,average change of urine leakage,the control group and experiment group were (75±24)％ versus (99±3)％,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).In the experiment group,strength of type Ⅰ muscle (4.4±0.7),strength of type Ⅱ muscle (4.8±0.4) and pelvic floor dynamic pressure [(96± 12) cmH2O,1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa] were better than those of control group [3.2± 1.0,4.3 ± 0.9,(86 ± 10) cmH2O,respectively],the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Subjective outcome,the control group and experiment group were (6.5 ±2.9) versus (1.8 ± 1.7),subjective outcome between the two groups had significant difference (P＜0.01).Conclusion After short-term pelvic floor electrophysiological treatment in hospital,the portable domestic pelvic floor neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with stress urinary incontinence is helpful to continuous improvement of pelvic floor function.

Objective To analyze the incidence of endometriosis in inpatients with infertility in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 30 years. Methods The inpatients of Peking Union Medical College Hospital admitted between May 1983 and November 2013 was searched. The infertile patients receiving laparoscopy or laparotomy were included. The discharge diagnosis and the operation were summarized. The incidence of gynecologic diseases were demonstrated, such as endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, uterine fibroid, hydrosalpinx, ovarian benign tumor, and adenomyosis. The age was collected, and the change of age and the incidence of endometriosis was analyzed. Results The incidence of endometriosis in infertile female inpatients was 35.50%(95%CI:34.50%-36.49%). The incidence showed relatively stable increasing tendency after 2004 (with P<0.01). The age had increased significantly since 1996 (with P<0.01);the average age was (29.76±3.74) years old in 1996, and (32.85±4.49) years old in 2013 (P<0.01). The inpatients diagnosed with endometriosis had greater age, (32.67 ± 4.06) versus (32.04 ± 4.55) years old (P<0.01);the incidence of endometriosis differed in different age group, the older group had higher incidence (χ2=85.807, P<0.01). Conclusions Infertile female inpatients showed increasing incidence of endometriosis in recent years. Older infertile patients maybe have higher risk of endometriosis.

Objective To explore the operation skills of laparoendoscopic single site surgery ( LESS) of total hysterectomy , to expand the application of LESS in the field of in gynecologic surgery . Methods A total of 23 cases of total hysterectomy were completed under laparoendoscopic single site surgery in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2012 to August 2013, applying with combination of the traditional laparoscopic and special LESS apparatuses , intelligent electronic coagulation and excision device and the self-fixed absorbable sutures ( V-LOC).The datas of the patients during the operations and the follow-up were recorded and analyzed Results Twenty-three cases LESS-TH are accomplished.The weight of uterus was (230+38) g.The operation time was (73+22) minutes, with the intraoperative blood loss (99 ±53) ml.The postoperative intestinal function recovery time was (13 +4) hours, and postoperative hospitalized time was ( 1.8 ±0.6 ) days, with the postoperative pain visual analogue scale 3.9 ±1.6.There were no complications reported during intraoperative and postoperative time.All of our patients was finished the follow-up from 14 d to 2 months.As usual, vaginal discharge is normal, wound healed well, most of the wounds healing (19/23) hidden in umbillicus, no obvious scar, vaginal stub wound healed well Conclusions ( 1 ) LESS can accomplish total hysterectomy of uterus of gestational age less than 8 weeks safely and effectively .( 2 ) Combination of traditional laparoscopic and special LESS appatatuses , the use of intelligent energy devices and V-LOC to suture vaginal stub could make the total hysterectomy by LESS much easier and safer .