OBJECTIVE:To analyze the drug use in the inpatients undergoing allogenic stem cell transplantation.METHODS:The drug use in 24 inpatients undergoing allogenic stem cell transplantation from 2004 to 2007 were analyzed retrospectively in respect of drug variety and drug cost etc.RESULTS:The average drug cost for the inpatients undergoing stem cell transplantation was(66 418.56?24 381.73)yuan,comprising 61.69% of the total cost of hospitalization.The top 20 drugs in terms of consumption sum were mainly drugs for immune system,drugs affecting hematological and hematopoietic system and anti-tumor drugs etc.The top 20 drugs in terms of DDDs were mainly immunosuppressants,anti-tumor drugs and adjunctive drugs,with DUI ≤1 for the majority of the drugs.CONCLUSION:The drug use in the inpatients undergoing allogenic stem cell transplantation in our hospital was rational on the whole.

Neonatal hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia syndrome is a genetic disease result from glutamate dehydrogenase gene mutations.The clinical manifestations are hypoglycemia,hyperinsulinemia and mild hyperammonemia.Hypoglycemia may occur quickly due to eating protein.It is a rare neonatal disease that was easily ignored or delayed diagnosis and treatment causing serious sequelae of nervous system.This review summarized pathogenesis,clinical manifestation and diagnosis of the disease.

0.05). While in D_2 and D_1+D_2 groups, the AI (0.54?0.05,0.64?0.04,0.63?0.04,0.65?0.11, 0.67?0.07) were increased, and the latter was more obviously. There were significant differences compared with sham-irradiated group(P

Objective To study the therapeutic effects and related mechanism of Tongmai Yizhi granules on vascular dementia in rats. Methods Bilateral carotid artery ligation was used to establish rat model of vascular dementia (VD). The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham operated,the model control,piracetam (0. 375 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) as positive con-trol,low dose (2. 5 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ),middle dose(5. 0 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ),and high dose (10. 0 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) of Tongmai Yizhi granules. Each group was intragastrically administered with 10 mL·kg-1 of corresponding medications for 31 days after the VD model was established. The sham group was given with 0. 9% NaCl solution. Y-electric maze was used to test the learning and memory function of rats at the second and fourth weeks. On the day 32,hippocampal tissues were collected for pathological analy-sis by microscope. The activities of SOD and content of MDA in serum and tissue homogenate were tested. Results Compared with model control group,each dose of Tongmai Yizhi granules obviously shortened the incubation period of VD rats in electric maze test,and accuracy of learning and memory was improved (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). The activity of SOD was decreased,and the content of MDA was increased after treatment with Tongmai Yizhi granules (P < 0. 01). Hippocampal neuronal cells were disar-ranged,and the number of cone cells was decreased significantly in the model control group. In contrast,the necrosis and degener-ation of hippocampal neurons were alleviated in all Tongmai Yizhi treatment groups. Conclusion Tongmai Yizhi granule can apparently improve learning and memory function of VD rats. It can also improve the activity of SOD and reduce the content of MDA in serum and hippocampus,effectively remove free radicals,and alleviate the injury of hippocampal pyramidal cells.

Objective To investigate the effects of 10 mg and 20 mg atorvastatin and 10 mg rosuvastatin on inflammatory factors in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods 66 patients with ACS were randomly divided into three groups:the 10 mg atorvastatin group,the 20 mg atorvastatin group and the 10 mg rosuvastatin group(n=22 for each group).The levels of blood lipids,serum matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9)and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)were measured before and after two-week treatment.19 patients with normal coronary angiography were assigned to the control group.Results The concentration of serum MMP-9 and PAI-1 was higher significantly in patients with ACS than those in control subjects(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).After two weeks'treatment,the serum MMP-9 and PAI-1 levels were lowered significantly (P＜0.01),which were much better in groups of 20mg atorvastatin and of 10mg rosuvastatin than those in group of 10mg atorvastatin (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).No relationship was observed between the levels of above inflammatory markers and serum hpids levels(P＞0.05).Conclusion 10 mg Rosuvastatin can greatly reduce the serum level of MMP-9 and PAI-1 as compared to 10 mg atorvastatin in patients with ACS ,equivalent to the effect of 20 mg atorvastatin,suggesting that the anti-inflammatory effect is independent of lipid-lowering action.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the relationship between micrometastasis of bone marrow and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and prognosis in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSSixty-five patients with stage III NSCLC were randomly divided into group A (32 patients treated with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus operation) and group B (33 patients treated with operation and postoperative chemotherapy as control group). Expression of CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA was detected in bone marrow samples from the rib segments of all patients obtained from operation by RT-PCR. The relationship between survival duration and CK19 and CEA expression was analyzed.

RESULTSThe positive rates of CK19 mRNA expression were 18.8%(6/32) and 45.5%(15/33) in group A and B, respectively (P=0.033), and the positive rates of CEA were 25.0%(8/32) and 51.5% (17/33) in group A and B, respectively (P= 0.041). A significant positive correlation was observed between CK19 and CEA expression (r s=0.671,P < 0.001). The response rates of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 0%(0/5) and 56.5%(13/23) in patients with CK19(+)/CEA(+) and CK19(-)/CEA(-), respectively (P=0.044), and the median survival duration were 11 and 27 months, respectively (P=0.000 6). Cox's model showed that the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the expression of CK19 or CEA were significantly prognostic factors in group A.

CONCLUSIONSNeoadjuvant chemotherapy can reduce the possibility of bone marrow micrometastasis in stage III NSCLC patients. Bone marrow micrometastasis may indicate a poorer prognosis for NSCLC.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD44v6 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore their association with invasion, metastasis and prognosis of NSCLC.

METHODSA rapid immunohistochemical method (streptoavidin-peroxidase, SP) was used to detect VEGF and CD44v6 proteins expression in 43 paraffin-embedded resected NSCLC tissues retrospectively. All the patients were initially treated.

RESULTSThe expression rates of VEGF in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 62.5% (15/24) and 68.42% (13/19) respectively. The positive rates of CD44v6 expression in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 58.33% (15/24) and 68.42% (13/19) respectively. The positive expressions of VEGF and CD44v6 were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P < 0.05), and also significantly correlated with postoperative hematogenous metastasis (P < 0.05). The 3- and 5-year survival rates of patients with VEGF positive expression were 19.23% and 6.41% respectively, whereas those with negative expression were 67.41% and 58.82%, there was signi-ficant difference of survival rate between the two groups (P < 0.05). The 3- and 5-year survival rates of CD44v6 positive expression group and negative expression group were 18.67%, 10.67% and 67.83%, 53.50%, there was also significance difference of survival rate between two groups (P < 0.05). The positive expression of VEGF was significantly correated with the positive expression of CD44v6 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDetection of VEGF and CD44v6 expression in NSCLC is helpful to evaluate the lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and prognosis. It is also helpful to guide postoperative multiple modality therapy.

BACKGROUNDLung cancer invading left atrium or base of pulmonary vein belongs to locally advanced lung cancer (T4). The prognosis of treatment without surgery is poor. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility and the value of surgical method in the treatment of this disease.

METHODSFrom April, 1993 to April, 2005, lobectomy or pneumonectomy combined with extended resection of left atrium were carried out in 46 patients with locally advanced lung cancer. The operations included left low lobectomy in 20 cases, left pneumonectomy in 6 cases, right middle and low lobectomy in 12 cases, right low lobectomy in 3 cases and right pueumonectomy in 5 cases respectively. The base of the pulmonary vein was invaded by the tumor in 34 patients, while left atriums were invaded obviously in 12 patients. Two patients were operated using extracoporeal circulation because of main pulmonary artery and left atrium being invaded. The Kaplan-Meier method (Log rank test) and a COX model were used to analyse the survival and the prognosis.

RESULTSThere was no operative mortality in this series, 15 patients had operative complication, including arrhythmia in 13 cases, pneumonia in 8 cases and heart failure in 1 case. The median survival was 35 months. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 84.2%, 43.7%, 30.5% respectively. The survival of patients with N0/1 was better than that of patients with N2 disease, the median survival of them were 38 months and 19 months respectively (P=0.002). Using a Cox model analysis, lymph node stage (N0/1 or N2) was independent prognostic factor, while preoperative chemotherapy, sex, age and the pathologic type were not independent prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONSSurgical treatment for lung cancer invading the left atrium or the base of pulmonary vein is feasible, especially for N0 patients.

Vertigo is one of the most common symptoms in general practice. During the standardized training in theory and practice of vertigo diagnosis and treatment, researchers from group of vertigo subspe-cialty of department of neurology analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of vertigo disease and the present teaching situation of theory and practice teaching. They put forward and adopted the "Three Steps"(laying firm foundation, consolidating and strengthening, and improving skills) which is based on multidis-cipline and conforming to trainees' understanding of the disease. It helped general practitioners tofamiliarize themselves with the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of vertigo, to perfect their multidisciplinary knowl-edge structure, to establish scientific clinical thinking, and to improve their levels of the diagnosis and treatment of diseases relating to vertigo, which has produced good effects and has been playing an important role in improving the prognosis for vertigo patients.

This study was aimed to investigate the aggregation of rehydrated-lyophilized platelets. The aggregation rate of fresh and rehydrated-lyophilized platelets were measured by using thrombin, ristocetin, ADP and collagen as inductors and APACT2 aggregameter; the effects of intra- and extra-cellular trehalose on maximum aggregation rate of rehydrated-lyophilized platelets were detected by using ADP as an inductor. The results showed that the aggregation rate of fresh platelets was all about 100%, while aggregation rate of rehydrated lyophilized platelets was (70.17 +/- 7.36)%, (15.3 +/- 2.81)%, (68.67 +/- 6.86)%, (64.67 +/- 11.6)% respectively, when the concentration of thrombin, ristocetin, ADP and collagen was 1 U/ml, 1.6 mg/ml, 20 micromol/L and 2 microg/ml. The maximum aggregation rates of rehydrated-lyophilized platelets in intra- and extra-cellular trehalose, extracellular trehalose and blank control groups were (66.0 +/- 4.69)%, (25.3 +/- 2.42)% and (11.5 +/- 1.87)% (P < 0.01), meanwhile there was significant difference of rehydrated-lyophilized platelet aggregation rate between intra- and extra-cellular trehalose and extracellular trehalose groups (P < 0.01). It is concluded that the concentrations of thrombin (1 U/ml), ristocetin (1.6 mg/ml), ADP (20 micromol/L) and collagen (2 microg/ml) are optimal for platelets aggregation tests, the internal and extracellular trehalose significantly enhance the aggregation of rehydrated-lyophilized platelets.
Blood Platelets ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Freeze Drying ; methods ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation ; physiology