BACKGROUND:The studies of plantar pressure mainly focus on barefoot,while the research regarding the effect of shoes on kinetic parameters is little.OBJECTIVE:To explore the peak value of foot plantar pressure between barefoot and wear shoes in max force,max pressure,load rate and impulse during the natural walk,and to search the parameter relationship between barefoot and with shoes.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The the same body control analysis was performed at the Laboratory of Sports and Human Science of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education in October 2007 PARTICIPANTS:A random sampling method was used to selected 10 male college students from the Nanjing Institute of Physical Education which aged(21.00?2.40) years,weighing(71.53?3.16) kg,body height(176.32?2.62) cm,and foot length(25.67?0.92) cm.According to the regulation,informed consent was obtained from each participant.METHODS:Normal gait of 10 participants were measured by Foot scan7.0 plantar pressure test system,including barefoot and with shoes.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The distribution of maximum force,maximum pressure,load rate and impulse.The parameter relationship between barefoot and with shoes were assessed in the study.RESULTS:The max force existed in the area of heel medial,the second metatarsal and the third metatarsal.The minimum force existed in the area of the toes 2-5 and the fifth metatarsal.The max pressure of barefoot existed in the area of the toes 2-5 and the second metatarsal and heel during walking.The load rate of heel was the highest.The max impulse existed in the second metatarsal and the third metatarsal and heel.The minimum impulse existed in the toes 2-5 and the fifth metatarsal.When wearing shoes,the max force existed in the area of the mid foot and toe1,The minimum force existed in the area of the toe 5,during walking the max pressure existed in the area of the instep.The load rate of the mid foot and heel was the highest.The max impulse existed in the mid foot.The minimum impulse existed in the fifth metatarsal.CONCLUSION:The parameters of forefoot,instep,and heel were larger than barefoot during walking,especially those of the phalanges2-5 and instep.

Objective:To develop an HPLC with gradient elution method for the determination of loteprednol etabonate and the re-lated substances in loteprednol etabonate and tobramycin compound ophthalmic suspension. Methods:HPLC with gradient elution was performed with Inertsil ph phenyl column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase A and B was 0. 25% acetic acid solution-acetonitrile (80 ∶20) and acetonitrile, respectively. The flow rate was 2. 0 ml·min-1 and the detection wavelength was 244 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results:The main ingredient and the related substances could be well separated. Loteprednol etabonate had a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 001-1. 02 mg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9), and the average recovery was 99. 9%(RSD=0. 9, n=9). Conclusion:The assay method is sensitive, accurate and convenient with good res-olution. It can be applied to control the quality of loteprednol etabonate and tobramycin compound ophthalmic suspension.

Objective To study the value of CT perfusion imaging(CTPI)on brain hemodynamic of the aged with cerebral infarction. Methods The 48 patients who were doubted with cerebral infarction underwent 16-slice CT plain scanning and CTPI within 24 hours of onset. The cerebral blood flow(CBF), mean transit time(MTT)and time to peak(TTP)of contrast-medium in region of interest(FOV)were used as brain hemodynamic parameters in comparation with contralateral regions. All cases were followed up with MRI after 3-10 days. Results Ischemia lesion was found on CT plain scanning in 40.9% of patients, while 93.2% of patients showed abnormal perfusion on CTPI. The sensibility of CTPI in identifying ischemia area was 93.2%, and the specificity was 100%. CBF in research area was significantly reduced, MTT and TTP were remarkably increased in contrast to counterparts(P＜0.01). Conclusions CT perfusion imaging can sensitively reveal the hemodynamic condition of cerebral ischemia, which could provide the important information for early diagnosis and treatment of the elderly with brain infarction.

An effective quality control system is the key to ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). However, the current quality standard research lacks top-level design and systematic design, mostly based on specific technologies or evaluation methods. To resolve the challenges and questions of quality control of TCMs, a brand-new quality standard system, named "iVarious", was proposed. The system comprises eight elements in a modular format. Meaning of every element was specifically illustrated via corresponding research instances. Furthermore, frankincense study was taken as an example for demonstrating standards and research process, based on the "iVarious" system. This system highlighted a holistic strategy for effectiveness, security, integrity and systematization of quality and safety control standards of TCMs. The establishment of "iVarious" integrates multi-disciplinary technologies and progressive methods, basis elements and key points of standard construction. The system provides a novel idea and technological demonstration for regulation establishment of TCMs quality standards.

An effective quality control system is the key to ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). However, the current quality standard research lacks top-level design and systematic design, mostly based on specific technologies or evaluation methods. To resolve the challenges and questions of quality control of TCMs, a brand-new quality standard system, named "iVarious", was proposed. The system comprises eight elements in a modular format. Meaning of every element was specifically illustrated via corresponding research instances. Furthermore, frankincense study was taken as an example for demonstrating standards and research process, based on the "iVarious" system. This system highlighted a holistic strategy for effectiveness, security, integrity and systematization of quality and safety control standards of TCMs. The establishment of "iVarious" integrates multi-disciplinary technologies and progressive methods, basis elements and key points of standard construction. The system provides a novel idea and technological demonstration for regulation establishment of TCMs quality standards.

In the past decades, people's work and life styles have dramatically changed during the rapid economic development and urbanization in China. A national survey reported that Chinese adults spend an average of 81% of daily time in indoor environment. Exposure to indoor air pollution plays key roles for human health but is likely to be neglected due on the relatively lower concentration levels and lower awareness among common people. Till now, published studies focus more on the pollution levels or the toxicological effects of indoor air pollutants but there is a lack of disease burden assessment attributable to indoor air pollution. In this review, several international studies were introduced on the disease burden estimation attributable to indoor air pollution, as well as the estimation methods. The current situation of national study was also reviewed. The strengths and limitations of the representative international studies were discussed. This review is helpful in providing data to guide the research on disease burden assessment attributable to indoor air pollution in China, and further helps to prioritize the indoor air pollution control based on disease burden ranking among pollutants and motivate public policies to protect the public health.