BACKGROUND:None of the current treatment strategies has been focused on relieving or reversing the disk degeneration process after degenerative disc diseases. In recent years, more and more scientists try to treat degenerative disc diseases using stem cel therapy. OBJECTIVE:To explore the research status and prospects of stem cel therapy for degenerative disc diseases. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database between January 2004 and December 2014was performed to search related articles with the key words of “stem cel, intervertebral disk” in English. Literatures related to stem cel therapy for degenerative disc diseases were selected; in the same field, the articles published lately in authoritative journals were preferred. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 342 articles were primarily selected, and 43 articles were involved in result analysis according to inclusion criteria. Stem cel therapy is a newly treatment for degenerative disc diseases. Cels appropriate for stem cel therapy include embryonic stem cels, induced pluripotent stem cels, mesenchymal stem cels, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels and chondrocytes or nucleus pulposus cels. Although cel leakage, intervertebral disc infection and tumorigenesis are the main chalenges, stem cel therapy for degenerative disc diseases is promising in the future.

OBJECTIVE To prevent and control the incidence of nosocomial infection,and improve the inner quality of nosocomial infection management.METHODS A total of 49 363 cases of inpatients in the recent four years were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Of them 2 409 cases were infected,the incidence was 4.88%.The lower(respiratory) tract ranked the first place (34.16%) and the highest infected rate was in medicine(department)((8.29%).) Totally 505 isolates of bacteria were found,of which Gram-negative ones accounted for 45.15%,(Gram-)positives 25.15%,fungi were for 29.70%.CONCLUSIONS The incidence of nosocomial infection is(connected) with following factors such as age,inpatient factor,invasive diagnosis and treatment manipulation,the misusage of(antibiotics),and the environment quality.

Objective To explore the effect of Bushen decoction on Na+-K+ATPase 、Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH) in rats with heart failure. Methods 60 heart failure rats were established by ligating left anterial descending coronary artery. Theywere randomly divided into model group, sham operation group, trimetazidine group, Bushen low-dose group, Bushen middle-dose groupand Bushen high-dose group with 10 rats in each group. They were gavaged 2 weeks after modeling for 8 weeks, hemodynamic changes includingleft ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and the maximum rate left ventricular pressurerised or decreased (±LVdp/dtmax) were recorded as well as the level of Na+-K+ATP ase、Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase and SDH through the spectrophotometer.Results Compared with the sham operation group, the LVSP and + LVdp/dtmax of rats in model group decreased (P<0.05), LVEDPand -LVdp/dtmax increased (P<0.05). After Bushen intervention, contractility and diastolic function of myocardial of rats in middle and highdose group were better than model group (P<0.01), especially in high dose group. Na+-K+ATP ase、Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase and SDH activity werehigher in Bushen groups than the model group, but lower than the sham operation group. With the increase of the doses, Na+-K+ATP ase、Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase and SDH activity gradually increased. Conclusion Bushen decoction can improve the cardiac function of rats with heartfailure that may be associated with Na+-K+ATPase, Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase and SDH activity.

Objective To analysis curative effect of triple therapy and sequential therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with long-term aspirin use.Methods 52 patients with long-term aspirin use who were diagnosed with helicobacter pylori infection were collected.All patients were divided into sequential group and triple group according to different drugs classified, each 26 cases in each group were given corresponding drug treatment, after the end of treatment, the serum pepsinogen, Hp-IgG antibody levels and Helicobacter pylori clearance rate were detected in all patients. Results After treatment, compared with the triple Group, in the sequential group, the levels of serum PG I and PG II were lower, and PGⅠ/PGⅡwas higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05);the serum Hp-IgG antibody levels were lower in the sequential group (P<0.05);the Hp clearance rate of patients in the sequential group was higher (P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with triple therapy, sequential therapy can lower serum PG, PG II and Hp-IgG levels, and improve the Hp clearance rate and clinical efficacy, have guiding significance to clinical.

BACKGROUND:At present, the clinical treatment of lumbar disc degeneration mainly includes conservative treatment, traditional surgery and minimal y invasive surgery. The therapeutic purpose is to relieve symptoms, but the long-term effect is not very satisfactory. Therapeutic methods focusing on biological functional recovery have been concerned gradual y, but the clinical application is far in sight. OBJECTIVE:To review the advances in the treatment of lumbar disc degeneration regarding tissue-engineered repair and biomechanics. METHODS:PubMed database was searched by the first author for relevant articles published before December 2014 using the keywords of“intervertebral disc degeneration, clinical treatment, biological treatment, tissue engineering, biomechanics, repair, progress”in English. A total of 100 articles were searched initial y and final y, 40 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Although the therapeutic schemes are varied, the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration is a great chal enge for clinicians and basic researchers. Currently there is no perfect clinical treatment, and indications corresponding to various therapies should be paid attention as wel as long-term fol ow-up evaluation. For various reasons, the biological treatment for intervertebral disc degenerative disease is becoming more and more popular, providing a promising prospect for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. So far, large amounts of data have been obtained from animal experiments, but there are stil many problems to be solved. Other chal enges also involve the al aspects of general tissue engineering methods, such as cel s, cytokines and scaffolds. In these studies, the nucleus pulposus tissue engineering based on the combination of heparin-functionalized chitosan hydrogel, cytokines and stem cel s exhibits a promising prospect.

Objective To study the relationship between the complete blood count (CBC) and coal‐buring caused fluorosis of fe‐male rats .Methods Female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups :control group ,medium‐fluorine group and high‐fluo‐rine group .Rats in each exposed group were fed with fodder containing different proportions of corn dried by burning coal from flu‐orosis endemic areas to establish coal‐burning fluorosis model (fluoride of fodder were 47 .8 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg) .The corn of control group′s fodder was collected from non endemic areas (fluoride was 5 .2 mg/kg) .At 60 days ,120 days and 180 days ,the tail vein bloods were analyzed with automated analyzer .Results Compared with medium‐fluorine group ,the WBC of high‐fluorine group decreased at 60 d and 120 d(P<0 .05) .Compared with control group ,the RBC of fluoride treated groups decreased at each time point (P<0 .05) ,especially at 120 d .At 60 d and 120 d ,the Hb ,HCT and MCV decreased(P< 0 .05) .At 180 d ,only the MCV of high‐fluorine group increased obviously(P<0 .05) .At 120 d ,the Hb ,HCT of fluoride treated groups were less than those at 60 d and 180 d (P<0 .05) .The MCV of high‐fluorine group was same as above(P<0 .05) .At 180 d ,the MCV of medium‐fluo‐rine group decreased less than that at 60 d (P< 0 .05) .The MCH of fluoride treated groups increased at each time point (P<0 .05) .At 120 d ,the MCH of medium‐fluorine group increased more than its at 60 d and 180 d (P<0 .05) .At 180 d ,the MCH of higher‐fluorine group increased than those at 60 d (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Fluorosis has varied influence on blood cell of SD rats , especially on red blood cell system .In the early and mid stages ,the coal‐buring caused fluorosis showed the small RBC high pigment anemia .In the late stage ,the coal‐buring caused fluorosis showed the big RBC high pigment anemia .

Objective To explore the relationship between plasma 5-HT and patients with sudden deafness and the pathogenesis in sudden deafness.Methods 46 inpatients with sudden deafness as patient group,and 34 healthy as control group.They were determined the plasma 5-HT concentration by immunoradiometric assay,then statistics analysis,and investigated negative life events in one week before admission.Results There is significant difference in 5-HT concentration between two groups.In patient group,35 cases(76%) had anxiety,depression emotion and sleep disorder before attack.Conclusions The high level of the plasma 5-HT concentration is probably one of the mechanisms in the patients of sudden deafness.Whether there is relationship between plasma 5-HT concentration and the degree and prognosis of sudden deafness needs to be further studied.

Objective Implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD)can effectively treat lifethreatening ventricular arrhythmias.The most common side effect is inappropriate discharge.This study analyzes the incidence and causes of inappropriate discharges of ICD in our hospital.Methods Forty.threepatients implanted with ICD in our hospital from November 2001 to October 2007 were involved in our study.Patients were followed-up regularly.All episodes recorded and stored in the ICD were analyzed.Results Seven of the 43 patients underwent ninety-six inappropriate discharges.Inappropriate discharges in six patients were caused by supraventricular tachyarrhythmias(SVT).In one patient the discharge was caused by noise.Most inappropriate discharges occurred in the first year after implantation.The history of atrial fibrillation before implantation is an independent predictor of inappropriate discharges.Conclusions The incidence of inappropriate discharge is 16.3%in our study and the most common cause is SVT.Most inappropriate discharges occur in the first year after implantation.Patients with atrial fibrillation history have a higher risk of inappropriate discharges.

BACKGROUND: Currently, the morphologic characteristics of the torn discoid lateral meniscus remain unclear, andmorphological indexes used to evaluate the discoid lateral meniscus tears still need to be explored. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the specificity and sensitivity of discoid lateral meniscal tears in children using morphological indexes. METHODS: Seventy-three patients (seventy-six knees) with torn discoid lateral meniscus underwentarthroscopy and MRI data of knee examinations were retrospectively reviewed. All MR images were double-blinded, independently, retrospectively analyzed by attending radiologist (doctor A) and sports physician (doctor B). The following morphological signs of discoid lateral meniscus, such as a internal displaced free edge sign, a hypertrophic free edge sign and a hypertrophied-horn sign, were selected to evaluate the discoid lateral meniscus tears. The likelihood of the discoid lateral meniscus tears was analyzed on basis of arthroscopic findings constituted the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRI diagnosis of the discoid lateral meniscus tears by two physicians were calculated, and the consistency of diagnosis results by two physicians was evaluated using the Kappa statistics.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscustears by internal displaced free edge sign for doctor A were 19%, 94% and 53%, respectively, and for doctor B were 21%, 97% and 55%. (2) The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscus tears by hypertrophic free edge sign for doctor A were 52%, 100% and 74%, respectively, and for doctor B were 57%, 97% and 75%. (3) The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscus tears by hypertrophied-horn sign for doctor A were 26%, 97% and 58%, respectively, and for doctor B were 24%, 100% and 58%. (4) The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscus tears by binding morphological index for doctor A were 86%, 91% and 87%, respectively, and for doctor B were 88%, 94% and 91%. (5) The Kappa statistics for discoid lateral meniscus tears respectively demonstrated a good inter-observer agreement (K > 0.75, P < 0.001). (6) These findings suggest that single morphological index used to evaluate the discoid lateral meniscus tears shows a good specificity, but which also shows a low sensitivity, while a binding morphological index can significantly improve the diagnostic sensitivity. Morphological characteristics may be reliable indexes to evaluate the discoid lateral meniscal tears in children.

Aim To investigate the preventive effect of Polygonum Multiflorum (PM)on the deteriorated mi-cro-structure and biomechanical properties induced by prednisone.Methods Ninety 6-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into nine groups,which were control,prednisone,CAL,30%ethanol eluent of the PM(H,M,L),PM(H,M,L). Prednisone was gavaged to rat for 21 weeks as model group of osteoporosis.Meanwhile,tested herbal ab-stract were orally administrated to the modeled rats in-duced by prednisone.At the end of the experiment, the right femur was collected for micro-CT scanning, three-dimensional reconstruction and biomechanical test.Results Compared with the control group,mod-el group showed destruction of bone microarchitecture, BV /TV fell 28.6%(P <0.05),bone biomechanical parameters decreases,and stiffness fell 29.7%(P <0.01 ). Compared with the model group, positive group had significantly improved effect on bone micro-architecture,and biomechanical parameters,BV /TV increased 46.7%(P <0.01 ),and stiffness increased 25.9%(P <0.01 ).30% ethanol eluent of the PM (M,L)dose may improve bone microstructure by in-creasing BV /TV 46.7% (P <0.01 ),40.0% (P <0.05)respectively,PM(H)may improve the biome-chanical parameters by increasing stiffness 24.7%(P<0.05),and 30% ethanol eluent of the PM(H)and PMhigh-dose may improve the biomechanical parame-ters,but not as positive group.Conclusions Predni-sone reduces biomechanical properties of rat femur and deteriorates femoral microstructure.30% ethanol eluent of the PM(M,L)and PM(H)plays a preventive role in the changes of micro-structural and biomechanical properties by prednisone,and increases BMD,whereas other groups have no significant preventive effect.