As a principal part of foreign exchange activities of traditional Chinese medicine, government organizations played a crucial role. At present, there are relatively rare researches on foreign exchange activities of traditional Chinese medicine in government organizations. In this article, we defined related government organizations and their functions, analyzed the features of the foreign exchange activities of traditional Chinese mdicine among government organizations in the past nearly 30 years. And based on this analysis, SWOT theory model in management science was introduced to discuss the reasons of government behaviors and put forward suggestions for the future development.

Objective Demonstrate the implication of Emergency Severity Index (ESI) in pediatric emergency room (ER). Method ESI categories of 21 904 visitors to ER of Beijing Children's Hospital's international department were reviewed. SPSS statistic software was employed to compare the results of ESI categories by doctors and nurses separately using x2 analysis. Results There are highly consistency in ESI categories by doctors and nurses. ESI is an easy-learned and effective triage method. Conclusions ESI is capable in pediatric emergency room regarding recognizing serious cases and saving clinical resources.

Objective To analyze the causative of damaged bioprosthetic valves implanted in 41 patients (with total 47 valves) over one year. Methods From June 1993 to June 2004,re-replacement of valves was performed in 41 patients with dysfunctional bioprosthetic valves. The interval between the two operations was 1～16 years [mean (9.7?4.1) years]. The 47 dysfunctional bioprosthetic valves were carefully observed and pathologically examined. Results Of the 47 valves, no valve frame was damaged; tear or perforation existed in 42 valves (89.3%); calcification was found in 35 valves (74.5%), with fibrosis; excrescence and thrombus coexisted in 2. Heavily damaged ones were sent for pathological examination, and infiltration of abundant phagocytes and monocytes was found. Conclusion Early damages were mainly tear or rupture, while late damages were compound outcomes of multiple damaging factors such as calcification, rupture, and tear.

Background:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease( HVOD) is a disease characterized by hepatomegaly,jaundice, ascites,weight gain and lack of effective treatment currently. Our prophase research showed that ligustrazine had therapeutic effect on Sedum aizoon induced HVOD in mice. Aims:To investigate the mechanism of therapeutic effect of ligustrazine on Sedum aizoon induced HVOD in mice. Methods:A total of 115 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:mice in group A were intragastrically administrated with 30 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 Sedum aizoon to induce HVOD and served as model group;mice in group B were given 30 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 Sedum aizoon + 100 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ligustrazine and served as low dose ligustrazine intervention group;mice in group C were given 30 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 Sedum aizoon + 200 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ligustrazine and served as high dose ligustrazine intervention group;mice in group D were given 30 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 PBS and served as normal control group. After 30 days,all the mice were sacrificed. HE staining and Masson staining were performed for histological examination. The mRNA and protein expressions of tissue factor(TF),nuclear factor(NF)-κBp65 and early growth response factor( Egr)-1 in liver tissue were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results:HE staining and Masson staining histological examination showed that ligustrazine could obviously ameliorate the pathological injury of liver tissue in HVOD mice. Compared with group D,the mRNA and protein expressions of TF,NF-κBp65,Egr-1 were significantly increased in group A( P < 0. 05). After intervention with ligustrazine,the mRNA and protein expressions of TF,NF-κBp65,Egr-1 were significantly decreased( P < 0. 05), especially in group C,and no significant differences were found between group C and group D(P > 0. 05). Conclusions:Ligustrazine has therapeutic effect on HVOD,the possible mechanism is that ligustrazine could interrupt the activation of coagulation system by reducing the expression of TF via down regulating the expressions of NF-κBp65 and Egr-1,especially in high dose ligustrazine group.

Objective To explore the treatment of children with EB virus infection accompanied by facial paralysis. Method The clinical data of a child with EB virus infection accompanied by facial paralysis was analyzed retrospectively, and the related literature were reviewed. Results A 2-year-old boy was admitted to hospital due to fever and mouth askew for 4 days. After admission, he was confirmed to have EB virus infection and viremia by serology and polymerase chain reaction, and then treated with acyclovir. The symptoms of facial paralysis and EB viremia disappeared completely 14 days after antiviral treatment. There was no recurrence in the short-term follow-up. Interestingly, the literature analysis shows that there is still limited evidence for the antiviral treatment by acyclovir in children with acute infection of EB virus associated with facial paralysis. Conclusion Antiviral treatment may be beneficial to EB viremia with facial paralysis.

The expression vector of SmIg scFv fragment was constructed in patient with B cell chronic lymphocyte leukemia (B-CLL) and expressed in E. coli to obtain scFv fragment, and the effect of the protein on the proliferation of stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was investigated in vitro. Two pairs of primers were designed, and variable region genes of light chain and heavy chain were amplified by PCR respectively from the pGEM-T vectors previously constructed in our laboratory which containing light chain gene or Fd fragment of heavy chain gene. The PCR product was digested, purified and inserted into pHEN2 vector to construct the soluble expression vector pHEN2-scFv. After the induction by IPTG, the scFv protein was identified by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and purified by Ni-NTA-Chromatography. MTT was used to determine the effect of purified protein on the proliferation of stimulated PBMC in vitro. Plasmid PCR and restriction enzyme digestion of pHEN2-scFv revealed the pHEN2-scFv vector was constructed successfully. Id-scFv protein was expressed in positive clone after induced by IPTG. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the relative molecular weight of fusion protein was about 30 kD (1 kD= 0.9921 ku), which was consistent with the theoretically predicted value. Proliferation of PBMC could be induced by purified Id-scFv. It was suggested that the expression vector of SmIg scFv fragment was constructed successfully, and scFv protein was expressed and secreted from E. coli, which could induce proliferation of PBMC. This may lay an experimental foundation for further research of Id-HSP complex vaccine for B-CLL.

Objective To assess the influences of low-protein diet on the renal function and nutritional status in patients with stage 3/4 chronic kidney diseases (CKD).Methods Totally 34 patients with stage 3/4 CKD were randomly divided into group A (protein intake:0.6 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1);n=14) and B (protein intake:0.8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1);n=20).Anthropometric measurement and blood biochemical tests were performed,nutri-tional status was assessed,and 24-hour dietary recall survey was conducted before and after the treatment.Patients were followed up for 6 months.Results In group A,the creatinine level significantly decreased (P=0.010),while albumin level (P=0.042) and the intake of energy (P=0.018) and carbohydrate (P<0.001) signifi-cantly increased after the treatment In all the 34 patients,in group A and group B,the malnutrition rates were de-creased by 14.7%,7.2%,and 21.1% after nutritional intervention.Conclusion The low-protein diet (protein intake 0.6 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)),in which part of the staple food was replaced by wheat starch,can increase the in-takes of carbohydrate and energy and improve renal function and nutritional status in patients with stage 3/4 CKD.

Objective To explore the pain beliefs and perceptions held by patients with digestive system cancer.Methods 10 patients with digestive system cancer were interviewed for exploration of their pain beliefs and perceptions.The data were collected using in-depth interview and analyzed with category approach.Results The beliefs and perceptions held by patients with digestive system cancer were presented as:negative pain beliefs,negative emotional perceptions,view social support as important resources.Conclusions The pain beliefs and perceptions in digestive system cancer pain patients are negative.Clinical medical workers should pay attention to the role of beliefs in pain management,and help patients build positive pain beliefs through utilizing social support resources effectively.

Objective To explore the value of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) in the evaluation of spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods Forty five cases of CP children were recruited and divided, according to the diagnosis standards, into three groups: diplegia, hemiplegia and tetraplegia groups. Twenty three healthy children served as control. BAEP was recorded from all the subjects and comparisons were done among the various groups. Results The abnormality rate of BAEP in the hemiplegia and tetraplegia groups was significantly higher than that in the diplegia group ( P

Objective:To explore the protective effect of ellagic acid on the acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) of the mice,and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods:A total of 50 mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,low,medium and high doses of ellagic acid groups (n=10).The mice in normal control group and model group were treated with 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solvent by intragastic administration,and the mice in ellagic acid groups were treated with 160,320,and 480 mg·kg-1 ellagic acid by intragastic administration,respectively.After 14 d,the mice in model group and different doses of ellagic acid groups were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mL·kg-1 0.1% CCl4,while the mice in normal control group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mL·kg-1plant oil.16 h later,all the mice were sacrificed and the body weights and the liver indexes of the mice were detected;the serum levels of alanine transaminase(ALT),aspartate transaminase(AST) were detected;the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and levels of GSH-Px,malonalde hyde(MDA) and catalase(CAT) in liver tissue of the mice were detected.Results:There were no significant differences of the body weights of the mice between each group before and after treatment(P>0.05).Compared with normal control group,the liver indexes and the levels of serum ALT and AST of the mice in model group and different doses of ellagic acid groups were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with model group,the liver indexes of the mice in different doses of ellagic acid groups were decreased(P<0.05);the serum levels of ALT and AST of the mice in high dose of ellagic acid group were significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the CAT level in liver homogenate was significantly increased (P<0.05);the levels of GSH-Px in liver homogenate of the mice in medium and high doses of ellagic acid groups were significantly increased (P<0.05);the activities of SOD in liver homogenate of the mice in different doses of ellagic acid groups were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the MDA levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion:The ellagic acid has the protective effect on acute chemical liver injury in the mice induced by CCl4 and the most effective dose is 480 mg·kg-1;its mechanism may be related to the anti-oxidation.