Astragalus polysaccharide (APS)was applied to treat rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Blood glucose and insulin, the activity of PKB/Akt and translocation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle of rats were examined. Results showed that AIMS decreased blood glucose, which may be related with increasing sensitivity of insulin, activity of PKB/Akt and transloeation of GLUT4 in the skeletal muscle tissue.

Objective To explore the clinical value of cervical lesion screening,which was detected by Pap smears,thinprep cytologic test (TCT),full automatic cellular DNA quantitative analysis system,human papilloma virus detection,colposcopy staining biopsy and blind biopsy.Methods 8 780 peoples were as the study object,divided into four groups,positive rate and accuracy of different screening methods;In addition,which were the positive rate of colposcopy staining biopsy and blind biopsy,the positive rate of HPV in all positive biopsy people and negative biopsy people,and the HPV infection rate of various lesions in positive patients were compared,respectivey.Results (1) The positive rates between the four groups showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of Pap smears and TCT had no statistical difference between every two of them (P ＜ 0.05),the rest were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).(2) The accuracy rates between the four groups showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).The accuracy rate of Pap smears and TCT had no statistical difference between two of them(P ＞ 0.05),the rest were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).(3)The positive rate of colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid (VIA) was higher than that of blind biopsy (P ＞ 0.05).(4) The positive rate of HPV detection of positive biopsy people was higher than that of negative biopsy people(P ＜0.05).(5)In colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid(VIA)group,the HPV positive rates of inflammation showed an increasing trend(P ＜ 0.05) ;in blind biopsy group,the HPV positive rates also showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion (1) HPV test has the highest sensitivity and strongest specificity,cellular DNA quantitative analysis is second,Pap smears is worst,so HPV and DNA detection have more valuable in clinical.(2)There is no significant difference between colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid(VIA)and blind biopsy in clinical,but HPV infection is the key factor,which affects the occurrence,development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and gradually progresses to cervical cancer.

The food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus occurs in Kunming or Yunnan Province sometimes.The aim of our survey is to prevent and control this kind of food poi- soning in the future.The result shows that the positive rate is 19.20% and the degree of contamination differs in the different kinds of food,the dairy products being contaminated most seriously of all.The bacteria in the contaminated food number mostly 10~2～10~4 per gram,Though it is not very high,the presence of Bacillus cereus is so wide that we showld pay much attention to it. Abut 97.65% of Bacillus cereus can be biologically classified and the most com- mon types are 2,8 and 10.About 92.98% of Bacillus cereus can be classified according to the serological type,and type 3 is the most predominant one and type 1 the second.In the dairy products,biological types 2 and 8 make up 54.55% and serological type 1 36.36%. The bacteria isolated from the food are highly sensitive to erythromycin,chlor- amphenicol,gcntamycin,streptomycin and kanamycin.

Objective To evaluate the effects of controlling arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2) at the beginning and during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on cyanotic myocardial protection. Methods 40 Children suffering from tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) under 3 years of age with SpO 2

Objective To establish a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification RT-LAMP rapid detection method of enterovirus 71(EV71) in hand ,foot and mouth disease (HFMD) ,and to evaluate its application.Methods Four types of LAMP primers were designed by using the software needle based on the 6 distinct regions of the specific gene of EV71.The process of amplification was completed in the ordinary thermostatic water container by 65 ℃ for 1200 min.The results of amplification were judged by electrophoresis and naked-eye.Seventy EV71 type intestinal positive specimens were simultaneously detected by RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods.EV71 type of intestinal virus RNA were made a series.After 10 times of dilution ,the RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods were used to conduct the detection for comparing their sensitivities.Results The LAMP characteristic ladder bands of EV71 appeared ,then the results could judged by the naked-eye.The detection rate in 100 EV71 samples had no statistical difference between RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods (P>0.05).The sensitivity (10.0 pg/μL) of RT-LAMP was same to that of RT-PCR method.Conclusion The RT-LAMP detection method for EV71 was established ,which can be used for nucleic acid am-plification in the ordinary thermostatic water container.The preliminary application verifies that this RT-LAMP assay has a certain application prospect.

Objective To discuss the relationship between and value of Leptin with disorder of lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus. Method Research objects are divided into three groups including GDM group, normal glucose tolerance group (NGT group), normal non-pregnant group. Blood lipid, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, serum leptin and placental leptin levels were detected and HOMA-IR was calculated. Result (1) Serum leptin, TC, TG, placental leptin and HOMA-IR in GDM group were higher than those of NGT group and TC, serum leptin and HOMA-IR of NGT group were higher than those of control group. There were statistical significances (P<0.05). (2)Serum leptin levels were positively correlated with BMI, HOMA-IR, TC and TG respectively (r = 0.593, 0.688, 0.722, 0.492 respectively, P < 0.05). Conclusion Leptin may cause lipid metabolism disorders, and together they participate in the pathogenesis of GDM. Maternal serum leptin level is expected to become an observation index of GDM.

Objective To examine the health-promoting lifestyles of clinical nurses and analyze the relationship between the scores and their socio-demographic characteristics.Methods The researeh design was a cross-sectional descriptive study.The study population was 710 clinical nurses who were working at a class A tertiary teaching hospitals in a certain province.The research instruments included the healthpromoting lifestyle profile and socio-demographic characteristics of objects.Results The research findings showed that the nurses had a relatively poor health-promoting lifestyles with the mean total score at (81.41±21.71); within 52 items,the mean score of each item was (1.57:±0.42).Significant differences were found among sub-dimensions of health-promoting lifestyle profile,while nurses performed best in the interpersonal relations,subsequently followed by self realization,balanced diet,pressure management and health responsibility,but worst in exercise.There was also a statistical difference in the total score of health-promoting lifestyle among nurses who had different characteristics including marital status,education level,professional tifle,income,and taking the night shift.Conclusions The research results should raise the concern of nursing managers and clinical nurses to rectify the current status of relatively poor health- promoting lifestyles among nurses.

Objective: To investigate the possible pathogenesis and report the postoperative results of the late tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after left cardiac valve replacement. Methods: 56 patients developed severe TR after left cardiac valve replacement, including 10 patients with normal prosthesis valve function (group A) and 46 patients with prosthesis valve dysfunction (group B). Four patients underwent mitral valve replacement (MVR) and 6 patients underwent mitral and aortic valve replacement (DVR) in group A. In group B, 36 patients received MVR, 4 aortic valve replacement (AVR) and 6 DVR. Ten patients underwent tricuspid De Vega annuloplasty and 46 patients' tricuspid valves were normal during the initial operation. The surgical treatment of tricuspid valve included tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) in 9 and tricuspid valve plasty (TVP) in 47 at the second operation. Results: Two patients died postoperatively with hospital mortality of 3.6%. The 54 survivors were followed up from 6 to 132 months, mean 79.4 months. The heart function improved significantly in 8 after TVR and 40 after TVP. However, echocardiography showed moderate TR in 5 and severe TR in 1 patient after TVP and medical treatment was needed. Conclusion: The sustained pulmonary hypertension, irreversible right heart impairment, resumption of left ventricular function and sustained atrial fibrillation may be responsible for the development of late TR after left cardiac valve replacement. TVR may achieve a reliable result for severe functional TR and rheumatic tricuspid valve lesion. In some patients with TVP during the follow up, the TR might become more serious.

Objective: The experiment was designed to evaluate the in vitro creation of tissue engineered heart valve leaflets. Methods: Aortic artery was harvested from 6 hybrid young pigs. The endothelial and myofibroblast cells were isolated and cultured to get enough cells for seeding. The myofibroblast and endothelial cells were seeded on the scaffolds sequentially. The cellular scaffolds were cultured 28 days and sent for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), histological and hydroxyproline examination. Results: SEM showed that a large amount of cells attached on the scaffolds. The cell had covered a large area of scaffold with a lot of matrix synthesized. The HE stain showed large amount of cells growing on the scaffolds and some cells were found in the central part of scaffolds. Gomori stain showed that there was elastin synthesized on the scaffolds. Hydroxyproline content is (10.93?2.89) ?g/g (scaffolds). Conclusion: With vascular cell, it is possible to seed them onto biodegradable scaffolds and create a viable tissue-engineered heart valve leaflets in vitro.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of one-stage repair of aortic coarctation (CoA) and associated cardiac anomalies in infants through a midline sternotomy. Methods Between June 2002 and August 2005, 36 patients (27male, 9 female) underwent surgery for CoA. The age was from 18 days to 8 years[mean (14.3?9.5) months], 27 patients (75%) were younger than 1 year and 18 patients (50%) were younger than 3 months. The body weight was from 3.0 to 23 kg [mean(6.6?3.0)kg]. 27 patients were symptomatic infants and 8 patients were asymptomatic of adults. One patient had recoarctation after repair through a left thracotomy one year ago. The associated cardiac anomalies included ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, secundum atrial septal defect, hypoplasia of the aortic arch, transposition of great arteries and subaortic stenosis. 36 cases underwent one-stage operation of extended end-to-end anastomosis through a midline sternotomy. Results One patient died postoperatively with a mortality of 2.8 %. The cause of death was heart and lung function failure. 35 cases were followed up from 4 months to 3 years .One late death occurred. 34 cases were in good condition and no recoarctation. Conclusion Outcomes of one-stage repair of CoA and associated cardiac anomalies in infants through a midline sternotomy is excellent. Technique of extended end -to-end anastomosis may potentially reduce the incidence of recoarctation.