Objective Study on the spread and the development history of traditional Chinese medicine in Africa, as well as the present situation and trend, provide reference for better promoting China-Africa cooperation of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods Literature review and historical research methods are used to retrospect the process of traditional Chinese medicine into Africa, and analyze the typical event. Results traditional Chinese medicine was introduced into Africa's history dates back to the period of Zheng He's voyage. In 1963, China sent medical teams to Africa, the TCM comprehensive spread in Africa started. In 2005, China sent the first group of traditional Chinese medicine volunteers to Africa, which a new pattern of TCM spread. Conclusions By sending the medical teams, volunteers, and education training, academic conferences, traditional Chinese medicine was gradually known by the African people. TCM is developing rapidly by the supporting of the government. The opportunity should be seized to promote the comprehensive development of traditional Chinese medicine in Africa.

Despite a recent American Heart Association (AHA) consensus statement emphasizing the importance of resistant hypertension (RH), its control is still a challenge for conventional medicine. The Chinese herbal formula, Qutan Huayu Fang, has been used effectively to assist antihypertensive agents in blood pressure control, but its effect for RH patients is still unclear. This pilot study aims to explore the effects of taking the formula in addition to antihypertensive medication in the management of RH.

This study critically examines the current status of interoception research in modern psychology， taking into account perspective of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， encompassing both foundational studies and clinical applications. The investigation highlights a deep interconnection between psychosomatic theories in TCM， such as the TCM emotions and viscera theory and the view of body-spirit syncretism， and the concept of interoception at the cognitive level. Moreover， philosophical principles， particularly the “Zhi Yi Lun” in TCM， align naturally with the three-dimensional interoception model. Importantly， this comparative analysis emphasizes that Western and Chinese medicine place different emphasis on interoception research with the former focusing on diagnosis and the latter on treatment. These differing approaches complement each other and provide opportunities for cross-fertilization. At the practical level of interoception application， “five-state personality classification” demonstrates promising potential for further clinical application. In addition， TCM has valuable insights for contemporary medical practices in terms of emotional regulation. TCM methods for emotional regulation， known as “Daoyin”， provide important knowledge in this area. One concept developed by TCM for clinical intervention targeting interoception is “Tiao Qi” （regulating qi）. This concept is used during diagnosis and treatment in TCM and plays a crucial role in managing interoceptive states. This paper aims to explain the cognitive and applied aspects of interoception in TCM， offering a perspective for future research and clinical application. By integrating modern psychology's psychosomatic medicine model， TCM can enhance its relevance and efficacy in contemporary medical contexts. This integration promotes a balanced relationship between the mind and body. TCM researchers have a responsibility to explore the inherent strengths and practical value of TCM in interoception research， and contribute to the advancement of TCM.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association between perioperative bleeding post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and 1 year adverse cardiovascular events in elderly patients.

METHODSFrom June 2006 to August 2011, 1 105 elderly ( ≥ 75 years) patients undergoing PCI in Fuwai Hospital were prospectively included. Patients were divided into peri-procedure bleeding group (n = 153) and no bleeding group (n = 952). Cox proportional hazards model was performed to evaluate the independent effect of bleeding on the composite endpoint of death and myocardial infarction.

RESULTSBARC 2 grade bleeding occurred in 9.5% (105/1 105) patients. The rate of BARC ≥ 2 grade bleeding was 11.8% (130/1 105) , and the access site-related bleeding accounted for 62.7% (96/153) of all bleeding. The composite endpoint of 1 year death and myocardial infarction was higher in bleeding group (9.2% (14/153) vs. 4.2% (40/952), P = 0.008) . The 1 year cardiac death was higher in bleeding group (3.9% (6/153) vs. 0.8% (8/952), P = 0.007), but the rate of non-cardiac death was similar between bleeding group and no bleeding group (P = 0.360). Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that HR of 1 year death and myocardial infarction in BARC ≥ 2 grade bleeding patients was 2.368 (95%CI:1.201-4.669, P = 0.013) compared with no bleeding patients.

CONCLUSIONPerioperative bleeding post PCI is an independent predictor of 1 year adverse outcomes in elderly patients( ≥ 75 years).

Aged ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the differences between baduanjin and ninth set of broadcast gymnastics in their own pulse parameters before and after intervention for 12 weeks,and to provide objective indicators for the function of Baduanjin from the perspective of pulse diagnosis.Methods 60 healthy subjects were recruited,and 50 subjects were finally included according to the dropout criteria.The subjects were divided into the experimental group and the control group by the random number table method,and different interventions were adopted.Then,the pulse diagnosis of the two groups of subjects was collected,and the impact of the interventions on the viscera was judged by analyzing the Pulse Graph Parameters and contribution.Results The characteristic parameters of the experimental group include 8 time domain parameters(left Chi,left Guan,right Cun,etc.)and 9 frequency domain parameters(left Guan,left Chi,right Guan,etc.),which are mainly distributed in the left Cun,left Guan,left Chi,and right Guan;the characteristic parameters of the control group included 6 time domain parameters(left Cun,left Guan,right Chi,etc.)and 11 frequency parameters(left Guan,left Chi,right Guan,etc.),which were mainly distributed in left Chi,right Chi,and left Guan.Conclusion Practicing Baduanjin can significantly affect pulse diagram,and the accuracy and specificity after intervention are higher than those of the control group.Baduanjin has a certain influence on the circulation of qi and blood in the human meridians,and its mechanism of action may be related to affecting the overall circulation of qi and blood.In the experimental group,Baduanjin had a significant effect on the heart,liver,gallbladder,and kidneys,while the control group had the most obvious changes in the kidneys.For the overall intervention and coordination of the viscera,the Baduanjin group had better effects than the ninth broadcast gymnastics group.

It is believed that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） Daoyin （conduction exercise） therapy has potential in treating diabetic foot， which is a concrete embodiment of HUANG Yuanyu's theory of one qi circulation applied in practice. Based on Daoyin therapy of Baduanjin and the Origin and Indicators of Disease （《诸病源候论》）， a Daoyin prescription for diabetic foot was compiled and created. Based on the zang-fu concept of "One Qi Circulation"， combined with the theory of chief， deputy， assistant and envoy， this article explained the theoretical basis and functional mechanism of the Daoyin prescription for diabetic foot. This Daoyin therapy is mainly based on the prone position movements， which includes seven movements， namely， pull-up， knee bending， toe tilting， phoenix nodding， internal rotation of taiji， two hands climbing feet and closing. With "phoenix nodding" and "tilting toes" as the chief， with the help of toes opening-closing and pointing-pressing momentum in prone position， regulating the central qi； with "bending the knee" and "internal rotation of taiji" as the deputy， knee and ankle flexion and extension can unblock the meridians of liver and lungs； with "pull-up" and "two hands climbing feet" as the assistant， on the one hand， assisting to unblock zang-fu organs， on the other hand， applying the yang of the foot taiyang bladder channel and du mai to warm the cold and dampness； with "closing" as the envoy to regulate all organs， so that the blood return to the natural flow of circulation. Diabetic foot Daoyin therapy could regulate internal organs and qi circulation of body， and provides a new idea for the treatment of diabetic foot.