Objective To study the clinical and pathological features of periodic paralysis.Methods The clinical and pathological data of 9 patients with periodic paralysis were analyzed.Results The clinical manifestation of 9 patients were consistent with the general manifestation of periodic paralysis.The typical tubular aggregates in many fibers were observed in 4 cases of 7 patients with skeletal muscle biopsy.A few degenerating fibers were observed,while necrotic fibers and regenerating fibers were not found.Electromicroscope showed Honeycomb appearance in tubular aggregates of cross section,which was filled with glycogen granule.Conclusions According to the clinical manifestation and the laboratory examination,periodic paralysis can be clinical diagnosis.The tubular aggregates in many fibers are important pathological characteristic of periodic paralysis.In electromicroscope analysis,tubular aggregates may be compose of transverse tubular system or sarcoplasmic reticulum expansion.

Objective To investigate the changes of T cells and disease development in the mice with Smad3 deficiency in the bone marrow cells.Methods Bone marrow cells obtained from Smad3 null(Smad3~(-/-))mice and wild type(Smad3~(+/+))mice were injected to Co~(60)-irradiated GFP mice,respectively.The general states of the bone marrow recipients were observed.The mice were sacrificed at the sixth week and the histopathological changes in the intestines were examined.The changes of T cells from lymph nodes were detected by flow cytometry.Results Smad3~(-/-) bone marrow recipient mice appeared a wasting syndrome and intestinal inflammation.The amount of CD4~+ CD62L~(lo) T cells in lymph nodes was significantly increased.Conclusion These results indicate that the mice with Smad3 deficiency in the bone marrow cells present an inflammatory disorder and their T cells are activated.

Objective To compare the effects of neutral posture training (NPT) and gas resistance training on balance and motor func-tion in stroke patients. Methods From June, 2014 to February, 2016, 44 hemiplegic patients were randomly divided into control group (n=22) and experimental group (n=22). The control group received conventional decubitus trunk muscle training and sitting gas resistance train-ing. The experimental group received NPT. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) before and after training. Results There was no significant differ-ence in the scores of FMA-UE, FMA-LE and BBS between two groups (t<0.962, P>0.05). The scores significantly increased after training in both groups (t>12.248, P<0.001), and were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t>1.972, P<0.05). Conclusion The NPT could improve the motor and balance function of stroke patients, rather than gas resistance training.

Airway Obstruction ; complications ; surgery ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; etiology ; therapy ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; etiology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectivesTo study the effect of community interventions and management on asthma in children and its impact on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP)of parents and the home environment.MethodsAn asthma health management profile of 0 to 14-year-old asthmatic children (n =93 ) in Sanlitun and Liulitun communities in Chaoyang District in Beijing was established.The children were randomly divided into a management group ( n =49) and control group ( n =44 ) based on community.Community-integrated management,such as regular follow-up,condition monitoring and health education,was implemented in the asthmatic children in the management group but not in the control group.The parents' KAP and the household environment in the two groups were compared after 1 year based on the changes shown in the health management profile.ResultsThe asthma relapse rate decreased to 27.9％ (12/43) in the management group.Compared with the control group,the rates of hospitalization (x2 =8.174,P =0.004) and school absences ( x2 =4.962,P =0.026) significantly decreased.The KAP level of parents increased to 67.4％ ( 29/43 ) in the management group and 20.4％ (9/44) in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =19.517,P ＜0.01 ).Knowledge improved the most and showed a significant difference from the control group ( x2 =19.517,P ＜0.01 ).Home environment in the management group improved to 76.7％ (33/43).The number of indoor pets ( x2 =3.906,P =0.048) and indoor cockroaches ( x2 =4.962,P =0.026 ) reduced and showed significant differences between the two groups.In addition,children's allergy-related symptoms decreased to 30.2％ ( 13/43 ) in the management group compared with 9.1％ (4/44) in the control group,which was a significant difference ( x2 =6.183,P =0.013).ConclusionsParents' knowledge of asthma,compliance behaviors,and home environmentwere effectively improved through community-integrated management.This management technique can reduce the allergy-related symptoms of asthmatic children,improve asthma severity,and reduce the influence of asthma on children's daily lives.

Objective To explore the regulation mechanism of autophagy-related protein, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), via c-Jun in methotrexate resistant human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cell lines. Methods Human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cell lines, and methotrexate resistant choriocarcinoma JEG-3 (JEG-3/MTXR) cell lines were used in our present study. Phosphorylation c-Jun (p-c-Jun) was evaluated after exposure to 0.02 ng/ml methotrexate for 72 hours in both cells by western blot. c-Jun gene was knockdown by small interference RNA (siRNA) in JEG-3/MTXR cells, and LC3 was evaluated by western blot and reverse transcription-PCR. The binding of LC3 promoter with c-Jun protein was detected via chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) with or without 0.02 ng/ml methotrexate exposure. Results The results showed that p-c-Jun was up-regulated after methotrexate treatment for 72 hours (1.99±0.20, versus 0.20±0.06 at 0 hour;P<0.05) by western blot analysis in JEG-3/MTXR cell lines. Further investigation demonstrated that c-Jun-siRNA could inhibit the up-regulation of LC3 formation and after methotrexate exposure (LC3 mRNA:1.24±0.17 versus 3.03±0.43;LC3 protein:0.52±0.07 verus 1.20± 0.15; all P<0.05). The binding of LC3 promoter by c-Jun protein was up-regulated after methotrexate treatment by the method of ChIP in methotrexate resistant JEG-3/MTXR cells [(2.95 ± 0.35) times]. Conclusion Autophagy-related gene LC3 expression regulated by c-Jun protein may be involved in the effect mechanism of the development of methotrexate resistance in choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells.

Benign anastomotic stenosis after esophagogastrectomy could reduce the patients' quality of life,even resulting in severe malnutrition and death.The endoscopic treatment includes dilatation,stent insertion,locoregional injection,and a relatively new technique radial incision and cutting.This article reviewed the progress in endoscopic treatment of benign anastomotic stenosis after esophagogastrectomy.

Purpose To investigate the expression of IGF-Ⅱand IGFBP-6 in co1orecta1 cancer,and to exp1ore the c1inica1 significance in co1orecta1 cancer. Methods IGF-Ⅱand IGFBP-6 were detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in 50 cases of co1orecta1 cancer(experimenta1 group)and 50 cases of the adjacent mucosa(contro1 group). Results (1)In the experimenta1 group,the ex-pression 1eve1 of IGF-Ⅱprotein and mRNA was significant1y higher than the contro1 group. The expression 1eve1s of IGF-Ⅱprotein and mRNA in co1orecta1 cancer were significant1y 1ower than the contro1 group.(2)The expression 1eve1s of IGF-Ⅱand IGFBP-6 were sig-nificant1y different between different tumor infi1tration depth,1ymph node metastasis,invasion depth and Duke’s stages( P<0. 05), but no difference between genders,age and the degree of tumor differentiation( P>0. 05). Conclusions There is a obvious corre1a-tion between of IGF-Ⅱ and IGFBP-6 in c1inica1 patho1ogica1 parameters in co1orecta1 cancer. Combined detection of the two markers may be the bio1ogica1 indicators of occurrence and prognosis of co1orecta1 cancer,and provide a new scheme for diagnosis and treatment of co1orecta1 cancer.

Objective:To establish a preoperative forecasting model for the nature of duodenal papillary tumors and to discuss its main predictors.Methods:A case-control study was conducted;the case group included patients with malignant duodenal papillary tumors and the control group included patients with benign duodenal papillary tumors.All the patients were from Changhai Hospital. Data of patients,including the demographic characteristics,clinical symptoms during onset,laboratory findings,and radiological data, were collected by face-to-face interviews or by reviewing the medical history.Chi-square,t-test or ANOVA were employed to performed univariate analysis.All factors with P values less than or equal to 0.25 in the univariate analysis were used as independent variables for multivariate analysis,and a Logistic regression forecasting model for the nature of duodenal papillary tumors was established.Results: Totally 199 patients with pathologically-confirmed duodenal papillary tumors were included in the present study,with 166 in the case group and 33 in the control group.Multivariate analysis showed that hemoglobin(Hb),total bilirubin(Tbil),direct bilirubin(Dbil), aspartate transferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),gamma glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT),and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) were independent predictors for nature of duodenal papillary tumors,with their odds ratios(95% confidence interval)being 0.981 (0.959,1.003),0.867(0.794,0.948),1.207(1.075,1.355),1.028(1.008,1.048),0.996(0.992,1.000),1.002(1.000,1.004),and 0.974(0.953,0.994),respectively.Conclusion:The Logistic regression model,which takes into consideration of Hb,Tbil,Dbil,AST, AKP,GGT,and CEA,can be used to predict the nature of duodenal papillary tumors,and its clinical value need to be further studied.

Objective To study the insulin‐like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)‐2 and IGFBP‐6 expression and clini‐cal significance in colorectal adenomas .Methods A collection of Chengde Medical College Hospital from July 2012 to March 2013 after surgical treatment of colorectal cancer confirmed by pathology (colorectal cancer ,CRC) tissue samples of 50 patients ,colorec‐tal adenomas (colorectal adenoma ,CRA) 50 cases ,20 cases of colorectal normal mucosa .Immunohistochemistry and RT‐PCR were used to detect the expression of IGFBP‐2 and IGFBP‐6 protein and mRNA ,combined with clinical and pathological data were statis‐tically analyzed .Results IGFBP‐2 protein positive expression and the amount of mRNA expression in the CRA group compared with normal colorectal mucosa had a rising trend;While compared with CRC group had a tendency to reduce ,and the differences are obvious statistical significance (P<0 .05) ,and IGFBP‐6 protein positive expression in the CRA group compared with normal color‐ectal mucosa had a lower trend;While compared with CRC group amount IGFBP‐6 mRNA expression in the CRA group compared with normal colorectal mucosa had a rising trend;While compared with CRC group had a tendency to reduce ,and the differences were obvious statistical significance (P<0 .05) .In the CRA group ,IGFBP‐2 ,IGFBP‐6 positive expression and the patient′s age , sex ,tumor and the number of parts were no significant statistical difference (P>0 .05) ,but with the degree of hyperplasia had sig‐nificant statistical difference(P<0 .05);In the CRA group ,IGFBP‐2 and IGFBP‐6 expression were negatively related to each other , and the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Colorectal adenomas in normal colorectal mucosa of colorec‐tal cancer to the middle part of the transformation process ,and in its occurrence and development process ,insulin‐like growth factor family (IGFs) and IGFS‐R axis plays an important and irreplaceable role ,so IGFBP‐2 ,IGFBP‐6 may be used as diagnostic colorectal adenomas and early predictors of prognosis ,clinical studies on colorectal adenomas is important .