Objective To study the current clinical application and advancement of microbioecological preparation.Methods Literatures about microbioecological preparation published in China and abroad were collected and reviewed.Results The microbioecological preparation has been widely used at present.It is used to rebuild a balanced microbial population in human body,particularly in intestinal,to promote the stability of internal environment,control dysbacteriosis and to treat a variety of gastrointestinal diseases associated with ectopic microbial population.Conclusion Although microbioecological preparation has been widely used in clinical settings,its effect yet should be further supported and evaluated both by large sample research in randomized double-blind control trails and evidence-based medicine.

Aim Subcortical ischemic vascular demen-tia ( SIVD ) induced by chronic hypoperfusion due to small-artery disease is a common cause of vascular de-mentia ( VaD) , which is recognized as the second most prevalent type of dementia. The aim of this study was to determine whether carnosine played a protective role in cognitive impairment induced by permanent occlu-sion of the right unilateral common carotid arteries ( rUCCAO ) in SIVD. Methods Adult male mice ( C57BL/6 strain ) were subjected to rUCCAO, and treated with carnosine or saline. Locomotor test, open field test, hot plate test, freezing test and Morris water maze were performed after rUCCAO. Results There were no differences among rUCCAO group, carnosine group and sham group for total distance traveled in lo-comotor test. In the open field test, carnosine (200, 500 mg · kg-1 ) significantly revised the decrease of latency spent in the center induced by SIVD . There were no differences between rUCCAO and sham groups for the pain threshold. In freezing test, rUCCAO in-duced a significant reduction in content memory, which was completely reversed by treatment of carnosine. In Morris water maze training trials, rUCCAO-treated mice showed prolonged escape latency in acquisition phase, carnosine ( 200, 500 mg · kg-1 ) markedly shortened the escape latency. Conclusion These data suggest that carnosine has a neuroprotective effect on cognitive impairment induced by rUCCAO in mice.

Objective To analyze the predictive value of platelet related indicators for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBW). Methods The data of 79 ELBW infants born from June 2013 to June 2016 were retrospective analyzed. There were 48 cases without PDA (nPDA group) and 31 cases with PDA (PDA group). Among 31 cases with PDA, there were 17 cases of non-haemodynamically significant PDA (nhsPDA group) and 14 cases of haemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA group). The clinical feature and platelet related indicators among nPDA group, PDA group, nhsPDA group and hsPDA group were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of various factors on the occurrence of PDA. ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the early predictive value of platelet related indicators for PDA. Results Compared with the nPDA group, the PDA group had a smaller gestational age, a higher proportion of male infants, and a smaller platelet distribution width (PDW), and there were statistically significant differences in all of those (P all<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk of PDA was increased as the PDW was decreased (OR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.05~1.52). The ROC curve analysis showed that the best diagnostic value of PDW was 13.4 GSD, and the sensitivity of early prediction of PDA was about 67.74%, and the specificity was 68.75%. Compared with nhsPDA group, hsPDA group had a smaller gestation age, lower cesarean section rate, and there were statistically significant differences (P all<0.05). There was no significant difference in platelet related indicators between hsPDA group and nhsPDA group (P>0.05). Conclusion PDW has certain early predictive value for PDA in ELBW. ELBW infants with PDW<13.4 GSD need to be watched closely for the occurrence of PDA.

Objective To detect the expression of heparanase (HPA) in cervical cancer cells and investigate the impact of quercetin on the expression of HPA,and the molecular mechanism that quercetin inhibits the growth of cervical cancer cells.Methods The experimental groups included cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa and Caski) exposed to different concentrations of quercetin (20,40 and 80 μmol/L) in the culture medium.The control groups included a negative control group,which was cultured with RPMI 1640 only,and a positive control group,in which cervical cancer cells were transfected with HPA small interference RNA (siRNA) to silence HPA expression.The cellular expression levels of HPA were detected with fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis at 24,48 and 72 hours after treatment.Results (1) HPA was significantly expressed in both cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa and Caski),and it exists both nucleus and cytoplasm.(2)The real-time PCR shows as follows:as the quercetin concentration increased (20,40 and 80 μmol/L),the mRNA expression level of HPA decreased (P ＜0.01),in which the inhibition of HPA expression was concentration dependent.In addition,the inhibition of HPA expression was also time dependent.As time growth,the expression level of HPA mRNA (24,48 and 72 hours) in HeLa and Caski cells decreased (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with negative control group,the expression level of HPA mRNA decreased in different concentrations of quercetin (40 and 80 μmol/L) in both HeLa and Caski cells (all P ＜ 0.05) ; Compared with positive control group,the expression level of HPA mRNA expressed no obvious difference in quercetin (80 μmol/L) group (P ＞ 0.05) in HeLa cells,while it was opposite in Caski cells(P ＜0.01).(3)The result of western blot shown that,as the quercetin concentration increased(20,40 and 80 μmol/L)and time growth (24,48 and 72 hours),the expression level of HPA protein decreased (P ＜ 0.01),and the inhibition of HPA protein expression was concentration and time dependent.Compared with negative control group,the expression level of HPA protein decreased in different concentrations of quercetin (40 and 80 μmol/L) in both HeLa and Caski cells (all P ＜ 0.05) ;Conpared with positive control group,the expression level of HPA protein expressed no obvious difference in quercetin (80 μmol/L) group (all P ＞ 0.05) in both HeLa cells and Caski cells (all P＞0.05).Conclusion Quercetin could inhibits the expression of HPA in cervical carcinoma cell lines,which inhibition is concentration and time dependent.

Objective Design and synthesize short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vector of RNA for specific silencing of heparanase (HPA) gene,screened plasmid which silence effects is the best.Observe the function of ceil invasion after inhibiting the expression of HPA in cervical carcinoma cell lines (HeLa).Methods The genomic sequence of HPA gene was retrieved from GenBank database.Designed four pairs of specific oligonucleotide sequences and a negative control according to the shRNA design principles.They were inserted into the vector pYr-1.1,vectors,and transfected into HeLa cells via lipofectamine.Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and immunofluorescence were employed to detect the expression of HPA gene in the transfected cells at the mRNA and protein levels,respectively.The plasmid were screened and transfected into HeLa cells,then transwell small room stromal invasion experiment were employed to observe the cervical carcinoma cell invasion.Results RT-PCR results of transfected HeLa cells shown that the mRNA amplification multiples were 0.54 ±0.05 in the HPA-592 group,0.89 ±0.18 in HPA-995 group,0.82 ±0.22 in the HPA-1351 group,0.91 ±0.47 in HPA-1658 group.While,they were 1.31 ±0.72 and 1.09 ±0.16 in negative control and blank control group,respectively.Green fluorescence was visible in the cytoplasm,which indicated that the HPA protein was expressed in the cytoplasm,of them the weakest green fluorescence in the HPA-592 group.The relative numbers of invasive cells among the HeLa cells were as follows:182 ±6 in the blank control group,258 ± 17 in the negative control group,and 44 ± 4 in the HPA-592-specific interference group(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Successfully screened shRNA vector targeting human HPA,efficiently inhibit expression of HPA gene when transfected into HeLa cells,and significantly reduced the invasion capacity of cervical carcinoma cells.

Archives ; Information Management ; Occupational Health

Objective To discuss the ability of nursing major undergraduate students in disaster response in order to construct undergraduate's disaster response ability evaluation system.Methods Delphi method was used to draw the evaluation system framework on the basis of consulting literature material and analyzing theories.35 related experts attended it.The choice was evaluated according to the 5 classification Likert evaluation method.Results Consensus was reached after two rounds inst.Questionnaire recovery rate was 100％.Construct undergraduate's disaster response ability evaluation system with 3 first-level indexes,12 second-level indexes,37 third-level indexes.Conclusions The undergraduate's disaster response ability evaluation system based on Delphi experts method is reliable.It can provide reference for the nursing major undergraduate student's disaster response training and research.

Aim To investigate the roles of intracellu-lar reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) and Nrf2 pathway in shikonin-induced A549 cell apoptosis. Methods The cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT assay. The ap-optosis of A549 cells was analyzed by both cellular morphological and biochemical methods. The relative changes of the redox marks ( ROS/GSH) were studied by fluorescence assay in the shikonin-treated A549 cells in accompany with the changes of the intracellular redox homeostasis by GSH/GSSG ratio. ROS inhibitor was also employed in the treatment to find the role of ROS in shikonin-induced A549 cell apoptosis. Real-time PCR analysis and ELISA assay were performed as well to determine the role of Nrf2 pathway in the shiko-nin-induced A549 cell apoptosis. Results The IC50 of shikonin on A549 cells was 3. 2 mg·L-1 . The cellu-lar redox homeostasis shifted toward oxidation signifi-cantly in shikonin treatment in a time-dependent man-ner. The expression of the Nrf2 pathway related genes was up-regulated by shikonin ( 3 . 2 mg · L-1 , 8 h ) . The expression of the anti-apoptotic genes was down-regulated , and proapoptotic genes were up-regulated by shikonin (3. 2 mg·L-1, 24h). Futhermore, the inhi-bition of intracellular ROS alleviated the cytotoxicity of shikonin in A549 cells. Conclusion The critical role of shikonin-induced redox imblance in A549 cell, coped with the secondary produced ROS and Nrf2 path-way antioxidants, result in A549 cell apoptosis.

Objective To analyze the clinical data of patients with penicilliosis marneffei(PSM),summarize clinical characteristics of serosal involvement and provide experience to diagnose and treat serous effusion.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 61 patients with estabolished PSM infection in our hospital from March,2001 to March,2008.Patients were divided into positive groups while presented one or more abnormal serous effusion such as pleural effusion,ascites,pericardial effusion or cerebrospinal fluid.There were ten patients in positive groups finally,including nine male and one female whose ages ranging from 36yr to 67yr[mean(54.2?8.3)yr].Results(1)There were ten cases with pleural effusion,including two cases with pericardial effusion,five cases with ascites and two cases with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid.Ten cases were misdiagnosed as tuberculous pleurisy and accepted anti-tuberculosis treatment,two cases as tuberculous meningitis,two cases as tuberculous pericarditis,five cases as tuberculous peritonitis and five cases as malignant pleural effusion.(2)All patients manifested with fever,anemia,hypodynamia or emaciation,nine cases with cough,eight cases with chest pain,six cases with dyspnea,two cases with alvi profluvium,three cases with bellyache,five cases with necrotic papula,eight cases with subcutaneous abscess,nine cases with lymphadenectasis,nine cases with splenohepatomegalia and seven cases with moist rales.(3)Total white blood cells count increase in nine cases which mainly presented with significantly increase in neutrophil count[(17.6?5.3)?109/L]and ratio(0.841?0.048).Lymphocyte ratio was relatively low(0.976?0.035),but count was normal[(1.59?0.7)?109/L].(4)Human Immunodeficiency Viruses was negative in all patients and the CD4/CD8 ratio was 1.19?0.38.(5)Ratio of A/G was inversion in ten cases.Bilirubin,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein increase in six cases,ten cases and ten cases respectively.Abnormal renal function appeared in five cases.(6)All cases were defined according to etiology including hemoculture(5 cases),medulloculture(2 cases),sputum culture(1 case),abscess secretion culture(4 cases) and histopathology(4 cases).(7)Imaging check demonstrated parenchymatous abnormality in lung(10 cases),splenohepatomegalia or abdominal para-aortic lymphadenectasis(9 cases)and osteolytic damage(6 cases).(8)The property of serous effusion which appeared cloudy yellow or uprightness was exudate.The cell count especially neutrophil count and protein content increased in it.(9)Anti-eumycete medicine were administered to four cases and achieved improvement.Three cases died of respiratory failure,cardiac failure,hepatic and renal failure.Two patient's condition aggravated and one patient voluntarily leaved hospital without treatment.Conclusion Penicilliosis marneffei often occurs in serous cavity of normal immune function crowd.Clinical characteristics manifest with chronic pyogenic and infected diseases which appear significant increase in neutrophil count.It invades lung,abdominal organ and might be complicated with pleural effusion,ascites and abnomal cerebrospinal fluid.The property of effusion is consistent with inflammatory efflusion which can be totally absorbed under effective anti-fungal treatment.Clinical prognosis relates with general body state.

AimPurpose-The aim of this study is utilizing the highthrough genechip data to Compare the difference of the pharmacological pathways among the Qingkailing effective components Baicalin(BA),Jasminoidin(JA),cholic acid(CA) and Concha margaritiferausta(CM)in the treatment process of cerebral ischemia.Methods The focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model mice were randomly divided into groups of Baicalin(BA),Jasminoidin(JA),cholic acid(CA),Concha margaritiferausta(CM)and model group(M),15 mice for each group,24 hours later total RNA were abstracted from the hippocampus,we selected 374 gene expression profile related to cerebral ischemia,made cDNA chip marked by Cy3/Cy5,detect the variation of different components,Then apply Arraytrack software to select differentiate expressed genes between BA and M,JA and M,CA and M,CM and M by T-tests,select genes with P<0.05,Fold change>1.5,according GeneGO software to find the top two pathways of each components.Results the number of differentiate expressed genes between BA,JA,CA,CM and M is separately 46,50,54 and 30,according to the top two pathways of GeneGo display JA,CA,CM all participate Apoptosis and survival_TNFR1 signaling pathway,besides BA participate in regulating G-protein signaling and Development_A2A receptor signaling while CA in Neurophysiological process_NMDA-dependent postsynaptic long-term potentiation in CA1 hippocampal.Conclusion Qingkailing effective components take diversity Pharmacological characteristics,BA mainly for anti-apoptosis,JA mainly for inhibit apoptosis and promote ischemic brain protection,etc,CA focused on inhibiting calcium influx,and anti-neuron variability.But CM has no good results on this.