Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of low level laser irradiation (LLLI) on cerebral infraction combined with hypertension.Methods Two groups were divided, conventional treatment group and laser irradiation combined with conventional treatment group.LLLI (650 nm, 20 mW, 20 min, twice a day, two weeks therapy) was used by extravascular way in addition to conventional treatment, while control group employed conventional treatment only.Whole blood viscosity, plasma blood pressure, lipid and neurological function were assessed by comparing the index of the two groups.Results Whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, whole blood high shear reductive viscosity, hematokit (HTC), erythrocyte deformation index, erythrocyte rigidity index, fibrinogen and blood lipid level of both groups decreased and the decrease of the testing group was more significant than that of control group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Neurological deficit score an blood pressure of both groups showed significant decrease (P＜0.05), and the decrease in blood pressure of testing group was significant than that of the control group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions 650 nm extravascular LLLI may be effective in treatment of cerebral infraction combined with hypertension, and has a good application prospect.

Objective To analyse the follow-up of one family with generalized epilepsies with febrile seizures plus (GEFS +).Methods We conducted a family with GEFS + by sexs,ages, seizure manifestation,electroencephalogram (EEG),and so on.Results There were 36 people in 5 generations of the family in all,including 14 patients(8 cases were male and 16 cases were female).Their ages were from 4 years and 5 months to 8 years.There were 8 cases febrile seizures (FS),4 cases with FS + and 1 case with FS + and absence seizures in 13 patients except 1 case without adequate knowledge.The Results of ECG indicted that 12 cases were normaland 4 cases with FS + and 1 case with absence seizures had epileptic discharges.Conclusions GEFS + is a common kind of inherited epilepsic syndrome and occur in childhood.So it is greatly important for epileptic children to know GEFS +

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus(GEFS+ ). Methods The data of one family with GEFS+ were retrospectively analyzed by studying clinical manifestations, physical examinations, electroencephalogram(EEG), 24 hours dynamic EEG monitoring, et al. Some of the patients were examined by CT. Results Ⅳ 12, her chief complaints when admitted to hospital were frequent spasm for 3 days. She began to appear febrile seizures (FS) from 8 months after birth, and frequent generalized tonic - clonic FS appeared during that time. There were 36 people in 5 generations of the family including 14 patients (8 males and 6 females) ,aged from 4 years and 5 months to 82 years. FS presented in 8 cases (Ⅱ 2, Ⅲ1, Ⅲ4, Ⅲ6, Ⅳ1, Ⅳ11, Ⅳ17, Ⅴ2),febrile seizures plus(FS +) in 4 cases ( Ⅳ2, Ⅳ12, Ⅳ13, Ⅳ14), ES + and absence seizures in 1 case ( Ⅴ1 ), uncertain type in 1 case (Ⅰ2). The results of EEG indicated that 12 cases were normal and 4 cases with FS+ and 1 case with absence seizures had epileptic discharges. Apart form Ⅳ13, Ⅳ14 who were treated with magnesium valproate, the dosage for the other patients decreased, or medicine terminated or without medicine, and all the patients had no recurrence of seizures. The intelligence, movement development and neurological examinations of the family were all normal. Head CT scan of 3 cases were normal. Conclusions GEFS+ is autosomal dominant inheritance disease with conspicuous genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic heterogeneity. The apprehension of GEFS+ plays an important role in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of epilepsy in childhood.

The feasibility of simultaneously loading both liposoluble and water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in emulsion was discussed, in order to provide new ideas in comprehensive application of effective components in S. miltiorrhiza in terms of technology of pharmaceutics. With tanshinone II (A) and salvianolic acid B as raw materials, soybean phospholipid and poloxamer 188 as emulsifiers, and glycerin as isoosmotic regulator, the central composite design-response surface method was employed to optimize the prescription. The coarse emulsion was prepared with the high-speed shearing method and then homogenized in the high pressure homogenizer. The biphasic drug-loading intravenous emulsion was prepared to investigate its pharmaceutical properties and stability. The prepared emulsion is orange-yellow, with the average diameter of 241 nm and Zeta potential of -35.3 mV. Specifically, the drug loading capacity of tanshinone II (A) and salvianolic acid B were 0.5 g x L(-1) and 1 g x L(-1), respectively, with a good stability among long-term retention samples. According to the results, the prepared emulsion could load liposoluble tanshinone II (A) and water-soluble salvianolic acid B simultaneously, which lays a pharmaceutical foundation for giving full play to the efficacy of S. miltiorrhiza.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo construct a eukaryotic expression vector for expressing hepatitis C virus (HCV) recombinant NS5B-EGFP fusion protein and obtain a stable transfected HepG2 cell line.

METHODSThe coding region of NS5B gene of HCV was amplified by PCR and was digested by Xho I/Kpn I. This fragment was inserted into pEGFPN3 with T4 ligase and transformed E. coli TG1. The positive recombinant plasmid was selected, then the recombinant plasmid was transfected into HepG2 cell by Lipofectin AMINE 2000. Cells containing stable transformants were selected by the ability of resistance to G418 and isolated with a limited dilution. The stable transfected cell line expressing high level NS5B-EGFP fusion protein was obtained.

RESULTSThe eukaryotic expression vector named pEGFPN3-ns5b was successfully constructed and the stable transfected HepG2 cell line expressing NS5B-EGFP fusion protein was obtained.

CONCLUSIONThe stable transfected HepG2 cell line could express NS5B-EGFP fusion protein, could be used for anti-HCV infection with ns5b gene as the target.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEAfter performed symptom-limited maximum cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) before and after acute alkalized blood, we repeated CPET with pure oxygen.

METHODSFive volunteers, 3hr after alkalizing blood room air CPET, re-performed CPET inhaling from Douglas bag connected with pure oxygen tank. We compared with those of room air CPETs before and after alkalized blood.

RESULTSAfter alkalized blood oxygen CPET had a similar response pattern as those of CPETs before and after blood alkalization. During the CPET, all breath frequency, minute ventilation and tidal volume at each stage were similar to those of CPETs before and after alkalized blood (P > 0.05),except there was a lower peak tidal volume than those of both CPETs and a slightly higher resting minute ventilation only than CPET after alkalized blood (P > 0.05). After alkalized blood, oxygen CPET, all PaO2 and SaO2 and most Hb were lower than those of both CPETs (P < 0.05). The pHa and [HCO3-]a were higher than those of CPET before alkalized blood (P < 0.05); but were not CPET after alkalized blood (P > 0.05). PaCO2 was similar to that of CPET before alkalized blood (P > 0.05), but was lower than that of CPET after alkalized blood at resting and warm-up (P < 0.05); then was similar to both CPETs at anaerobic threshold (P > 0.05); but was higher at peak exercise higher than those of both CPETs (P < 0.01). Oxygen increased 2,3 volunteers' workload and time at AT and peak exercises.

CONCLUSIONRespiratory response pattern to oxygen CPET after alkalized blood is similar to those of both CPETs before and after alkalized blood. The CPET response is dominantly depended upon metabolic rate, but not levels of pHa, PaCO2 and PaO2.

Blood Gas Analysis ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena

OBJECTIVETo compare the effect of rh-endostatin on micrangium in tumor and myocardial tissue in nude mice.

METHODSNude mice were randomized into 4 groups (10 mice in each group), blank control group (without tumor burden, received NS 100 µl×d(-1) injection), drug control group (without tumor burden, received rh-endostatin 400 µg×d(-1) injection), model group (with tumor burden, received NS 100 µl×d(-1) injection) and treatment group (with tumor burden, received rh-endostatin 400 µg×d(-1) injection) for 28 days. The tumor volume and body weight of the mice were measured before and after administration. The expression of CD34, MMP-2, MMP-9, HIF-1α and VEGF in the myocardium and tumor were detected by immunohistochemistry. The vascular structure was observed by immunoenzymatic CD34 and Masson double staining.

RESULTSThe increase of tumor volume of the treatment group [(48.18 ± 37.31) mm(3)] was significantly lower than that in the model group [(113.80 ± 73.27) mm(3)). The changes of body weight was not significant different among the four groups. After treated with rh-endostatin, the expressions of MMP-9 and VEGF in tumors were significantly down-regulated, but the expressions of MMP-2 and HIF-1α in the tumor were not. The microvessel density (MVD) in the tumors of treatment group was significantly decreased compared with that of model group. The proportion of tumor vessels covered by collagen in the treatment group was increased compared with that of the model group. However, MVD and micrangium in myocardium were not changed significantly.

CONCLUSIONRh-endostatin can decrease the expression of MMP-9, VEGF and MVD, inhibit the tumor growth and normalize tumor micrangium in tumor but not weaken the MMPs and MVD of mature micrangium in myocadium.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Endostatins ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Microvessels ; pathology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe and analyze the antitumor effect of endostar combined with docetaxel under different administration sequences.

METHODSNude mice with xenograft tumor (A549 cell line) were randomized into 3 groups, 8 mice/group: (1) Concurrent administration group (each mouse: endostar 400 µg/d, d1-d35, docetaxel 10 mg/kg, every 3 days, d1-d19); (2) Endo-first group (each mouse: endostar 400 µg/d, d1-d35, docetaxel 10 mg/kg, every 3 days, d16-d34); (3) Model group (positive control, tumor-bearing mice without treatment, each mouse: physiological saline, 100 µl/d, d1-d35, water for injection, 200 µl/d, d1-d35, every 3 days), and blank control group (negative control, normal mice without treatment, 8 mice), the administration method was the same to the model group. The volume of tumor and the weight of mouse were measured during treatment. Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) were detected by flowcytometry, and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2, MMP-9), the tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP-1, TIMP-2), the extracellular MMP inducer (EMMPRIN), CD34, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were determined by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe tumor growth of concurrent administration group (39.94 mm(3)) was lower than that of the endo-first group [(99.57 ± 74.48) mm(3)] during treatment, both of them were smaller than that of the model group [(217.67 ± 95.44) mm(3), P < 0.05]. The amount of CECs in the endo-first group [(77.25 ± 24.02) cells/10(4) cells] was more than that of the concurrent administration group [(25.86 ± 11.77) cells/10(4) cells], the model group [(14.71 ± 11.07) cells/10(4) cells], and the blank control group [(12.90 ± 11.20) cells/10(4) cells, P < 0.01]. The expression of MMPs in the treatment groups was obviously downregulated. The expressions of TIMP-1 in the endo-first group and TIMP-2 in the concurrent administration group were upregulated (P < 0.05). The expression of EMMPRIN was significantly down-regulated in the concurrent administration group (P < 0.05). The MVD and α-SMA expressions of the treatment groups were less than that of the model group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn comparison with the endo-first group, the anti-tumor effect and survival quality of the concurrent administration group are better. Both of the administration groups may have "vascular normalization effect" by down-regulating MMPs expression through different points, and inhibit the cancer-induced stromal reaction, restraining the cancer progress to a certain extent. The changes of CECs should be a dynamic process with an initial rise in the early-stage suggesting the decrease of vascular bed and subsequent decline ascribed to apoptosis of CECs and the tumor-regression after combined therapy. Investigation of its dynamic changes may be helpful to know the change of tumor burden and vascular bed and predict the antitumor effect.

Actins ; metabolism ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; pharmacology ; Basigin ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Endostatins ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Microvessels ; drug effects ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; metabolism ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility and stability of chemically conjugating IgM on collagen films.

METHODSIgM was labeled with 125I using the chloramine-T method. Six collagen films were randomly divided into two groups. In chemical coupling group 125I-labeled IgM was chemically coupled with the films through N-succinmiclyl-3- (2-pyridyl-dithio) propionate reaction. In control group 125I-labeled IgM was absorbed onto collagen films. The amount of IgM on the collagen films and the amount of IgM remained on the films after extensive rinsing with phosphate buffered saline were monitored by counting the radioactivity of 125I.

RESULTSThe amount of antibodies loaded onto collagen films in the chemical coupling group was 15 times higher than that on the control films, showing significant statistical difference (P < 0.01). And the stability of conjugation antibodies on collagen films was significantly better than the control films.

CONCLUSIONChemical coupling is an effective approach to immobilize antibodies on collagen for further plasmid DNA tethering.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; instrumentation ; Animals ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; metabolism ; Cattle ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Collagen ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Immunoglobulin M ; metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Protein Binding ; Stents ; Surface Properties

OBJECTIVEN-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) and cytochrome P450 2EI (CYP2E1) play a crucial role in the drug metabolic process. The aim of this study was to understand the genotype and phenotype polymorphisms of NAT2 and CYP2E1 in the Han Chinese pediatric population in order to provide a theoretical basis for individualized drug treatment.

METHODSA total of 341 (211 males and 130 females) randomly sampled Han Chinese children, aged from 2 months to 14 years, were enrolled in this study. Genotyping was carried out by PCR method, and metabolic phenotypes were identified.

RESULTSIn this study population, wild genotype was found as a major genotype in seven SNPs of NAT2, rs1801279, rs1041983, rs1801280, rs1799929, rs1799930, rs1208 and rs1799931. The frequency of NAT2 fast metabolism was highest (61.3%), followed by middle to slow metabolism (34.1%). Wild genotype also predominated in the four SNPs of CYP2E1 (rs2031920, rs3813867, rs6413432 and rs72559720) named as CYP2E1*5, *6 and *2, with a frequency of 61.3%, 60.1% and 99.4% respectively. As the relationship between CYP2E1 genotype and phenotype was unknown, phenotyping of CYP2E1 was not done.

CONCLUSIONSThe important SNPs of NAT2 and CYP2E1 are predominantly wild genotype in the Han Chinese pediatric population. Fast metabolic phenotype predominates in important SNPs of NAT2.

Adolescent ; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; ethnology ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide