Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Peripheral blood of Toll-like receptor-4 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 in patients with essential hypertension. Methods We selected 35 patients with hypertension and 20 healthy people.We used flow cytometry to investigate TLR4 expression levels, and ELISA to detect the expression of CTLA-4. Results TLR4 expression in peripheral blood of patients with hypertension was (8.63 ±1.16)%, significantly higher (5.27 ± 1.25)%.The difference was statistically significant (t = 6.16,P < 0.05); CTLA-4 expression in peripheral blood of patients with hypertension was significantly higher (P<0.05); Hypertensive patients with CTLA-4 positive rate and TC, LDL-C was positively correlated (P<0.05); TLR4 and CTLA-4 was positive correlation (r = 0.886,P < 0.05). Conclusions TLR4 and CTLA-4 were high expression in hypertensive patients with hypertension,and related to hypertension.

Objective To investigate the similarities and differences of endoscopic and pathological char- acteristics between long and short segment Barrett's esophagus.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight cases of Barrett's esophagus identified both by endoscopy and pathology were enrolled in this retrospective study. Among them,40 cases were long segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE) and 88 were short segment Barrett's esophagus (SSBE).The age distribution,sex distinction,endoscopic manifestations and pathological changes were assessed.Data were statistically analyzed by t-test or u-test.Results There were no differences in age distribution and sex distinction between LSBE and SSBE groups (P＞0.05).The ring pattern was the most prominent type accounting for 62.5% in LSBE group.The island pattern was the most prominent type accounting for 85.2% in SSBE group.There were significant differences in the rates of specialized intestinal metaplasia between LSBE and SSBE groups(47.5% vs 14.8%,P＜0.01).Moreover,among the special- ized intestinal metaplasia,low grade (15.0% vs 4.5%),medium grade (12.5% vs 3.4%) and high grade dysplasia (5.0% vs 0.0%) between LSBE and SSBE groups also had statistical differences (all P＜0.05).Conclusions LSBE may have more tendency in dysplasia than that of SSBE.We should pay attention to the importance of endoscopic manifestations and pathological diagnosis.

Infantile diarrhea was divided into four types of wind cold,damp heat,food injury and spleen deficiency on differentiation of symptoms and signs.The techniques of tonifying the spleen,clearing Dachang(large intestine),rubbing the abdomen and pressing Zhixie (stopping diarrhea) point,Zusanli (ST 36) and Changqiang (GV 1) as well as pinching the spine were chosen to treat this disease with a satisfactory result.

Blood Gas Analysis ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Pneumonia ; blood ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Respiration

Objective To observe the effects of propofol on the hippocampal astrocytes and microglia in the nenotal mice . Methods 15 healthy mice from the same litters on postnatal 7 d were randomized into 3 groups:high dose propofol group ,low dose propofol group and 10% intralipid control group .All mice were treated with drugs on postnatal 7 d by intraperitoneal injection and were sacrificed at 24 h after drugs treatment .The high dose group was injected with propofol 60mg · kg -1 ;the low dose group was injected with propofol 30mg · kg -1 ;the control group was injected with the equal volume of 10% intralipid .The immunohistochem‐istry assay was used to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium binding adapter molecular 1 (Iba1) for observing the effect of propofol on the astrocytes (AST ) and microglia in the hippocampus .Results Compared with the control group ,the number of GFAP‐labeled AST in the dentate gyms (DG) molecular layer of hippocampus in P7 mice of the high dose propofol group was significantly reduced (P<0 .01) ,while no obvious effect of the low‐dose propofol on the number of AST was observed ;high dose and low dose propofol all significantly decreased the number of Iba1‐labeled microglia .Conclusion Propofol can inhibit the growth of the hippocampal AST and microglia in a dose‐dependent manner .

Objective To observe the expression of pannexin1(PX1) in the dorsal horn of spinal cord in model ratwith neu-ropathipain afteselective ligation of sciatinerve branche.Method50 male SD ratwere randomly divided into 3 group,inclu-ding the control group(Wgroup ,n= 10) ,sham operation group(sham group ,n= 10) and sciatinerve branch selective injury group(SNI group ,n=30) .30 ratwere killed on postoperative 3 ,5 ,7 ,14 d and the lumbasegmenof the spinal cord wataken fodetecting the expression of PX1 by using Western blo.Othe20 ratwere killed on 7 d afteSNI and the expression of glial fibril-lary acidiprotein(GFAP) in the spinal cord wadetected with immunohistology .Among them ,10 ratin the SNI group were trea-ted with intrathecal intubation before operation and administrated with saline 20 μL ocarbenoxolone(CBX) 20 μL by intrathecal injection on postoperative 7 d fodetermining the expression of GFAP by the immunohistology .ResultThe expression of PX1 in the SNI group waincreased and enhanced with time ,which wasignificantly highethan thain the Wgroup and the sham group (P＜0 .05);the GFAP expression on 7 d in the SNI group waobviously increased compared with the Wgroup and the sham group(P＜0 .05);afteintrathecal injection of CBX ,the expression of GFAP wasignificantly decreased compared with thain the normal saline group(P＜0 .05) .No statistically significandifferencein the expression of PX1 and GFAP were found in the Wgroup and the sham group .Conclusion PX1 may be involved in the activation of astrocyte,prompting thaPX1 playan importanrole in the neuropathipain caused by the peripheral nervel injury .

Objective To analyze the correlation factors between CT imaging features of pulmonary embolism(PE)and clinical severity stratification,to explore the value of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA)in acute PE severity stratification.Methods According to the clinical severity,48 patients with acute PE proved by CTPA were classified into two groups,including 21 critical and 27 non-critical patients. Embolism index,ratio of central pulmonary involvement,ratio of right ventricle maximum minor axis (RVMMA)to left ventricle maximum minor axis(LVMMA),namely RV:LV,dilation of main pulmonary and/or right pulmonary trunk,and dilation of bronchial arteries in both groups were analyzed comparatively. The correlation factors between CT imaging features and PE clinical severity stratification were explored.The correlation between RV:LV and embolism index of 48 patients was analyzed.Results Pulmonary embolism index(22.0%—85.0%,median 38.0%),ratio of central pulmonary involvement(42.5%),RV:LV (0.90—1.90,median 1.30),dilation of pulmonary artery(14 cases),and dilation of bronchial artery (8 cases)in critical group(21 cases)were higher than those corresponding factors(5%—48%,median 21.5%,31.25%,0.80—1.40,median 1.00,5 eases,and 3 eases)in non-critical group(27 cases) (Z=4.27,X~2=5.40,Z=2.58,X~2=11.45,X~2=4.87,P

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharynx ; metabolism ; Receptors, Leptin ; metabolism ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; metabolism

Aged ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; Carcinosarcoma ; pathology ; Chondroma ; pathology ; Chondrosarcoma ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Nephrectomy ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; etiology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the relationship between alteration of gene in cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) signal transduction system in rats after myocardial damage and changes of cardiac function and ventricular remodeling. Methods Twenty eight male Wistar rats weighing 220 g to 250 g were randomly divided into three groups: acute myocardial damage group(AMD, n = 10), chronic myocardial damage group (CMD,n = 9 ) and sham-operation group (control, n = 9). Animal model of acute myocardial damage was established by ligation of rats left coronary artery in the AMD and the CMD groups. Rats in control group were treated similarly, except that the coronary suture was not tied. Hemodynamics and echocardiography were measured before rats were sacrificed 24 hours after operation in control and AMD groups but those in CMD groups were sacrificed 8 weeks later. Cadiocyte apoptosis were estimated by TUNEL method, cAMP levels in heart were tested by radioimmunity and the mRNA expressions for inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) and bcl-2 were assayed by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The difference of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP), maximal rising and falling rate of ventricular pressure,left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), eject fraction (EF) and fraction shortening (FS) were statistically significant among the three groups(F = 285.9, 196.8, 83.2, 80.4, 54.9, 196.6, 95.2, all P ＜ 0.01). LVEDD[(7.03 ±0.28), (8.20 ± 0.27)mm] and LVEDP[(11.19 ± 2.89), (19.76 ± 3.34)mmHg] in AMD and CMD groups were significantly increased, compared with those in control group[ (5.05 ± 0.30)mm, (- 5.62 ± 3.01 )mmHg, all P ＜0.01 ]. While maximal rising rate[ (2964 ± 449), (2214 ± 434)mmHg/s] and falling rate[(- 2617 ± 441),(- 1891± 424)mmHg/s] of left ventricular pressure, LVSP[ (94.19 ± 4.03), (85.85 ± 6.39)mmHg], EF[ (41.6 ±5.9)%, (35.9 ± 4.1 )%] and FS[ (36.9 ± 4.6)%, (23.1 ± 4.9)%] of left ventricular in the two groups were lower than those in control[(4759 ± 406)mmHg/s, (- 4327 ± 388)mmHg/s, (116.29 ± 8.25)mmHg, (80.9 ± 5.6)%,(53.1 ± 4.3)%, all P ＜ 0.01 ]. These changes in CMD group were more significant than those in AMD groups(P ＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ). The difference of apoptotic index, cAMP and expression of ICER, CREB, PDE3A mRNA and bcl-2 mRNA were statistically significant among the three groups(F= 172.5, 141.0, 540.8, 246.8, 165.1, 563.9,all P＜ 0.01 ). Apoptotic index[ (32.8 ± 4.2)‰, (18.4 ± 3.9)‰] and cAMP in heart[ (9.95 ± 0.30), (5.60 ± 0.25)nmol/kg] in AMD and CMD groups were increased compared to control group[ (3.9 ± 1.7)‰, (2.48 ± 0.29)nmol/kg,all P ＜ 0.01 ], and those in CMD group were lower than in AMD group(all P ＜ 0.01 ). Expression of ICER mRNA (1.434 ± 0.093, 0.942 ± 0.076) and CREB mRNA(5.70 ± 0.50, 2.64 ± 0.51) in AMD and CMD groups were higher, and expression of PDE3A mRNA(48.98 ± 8.14, 16.68 ± 8.46) were lower than those in control group (0.154 ± 0.063, 1.08 ± 0.35, 105.94 ± 12.61, all P ＜ 0.01 ). The three genes in CMD group were fewer than those in AMD group(all P ＜ 0.01 ). bcl-2 mRNA was up regulated in AMD group(4.55 ± 0.27) and was down regulated in CMD group(0.35 ± 0.15) compared to control(2.18 ± 0.30, all P＜ 0.01). Conclusions There is PDE3A-ICER positive-feedback loop leading to myocyte apoptosis and heart failure after myocardial damage. The downregulation of PDE3A mRNA observed in chronic myocardial damage may play a causative role in the progression of ventricular remodeling and heart failure, in part, by inducing ICER mRNA and promoting cardiac myocyte dysfunction.