Objective: To explore the personality traits in the people at high risk for schizophrenia.Methods: 188 individuals at high risk for schizophrenia,and 321 normal controls were assessed by Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire(SPQ).Results: The score of negative schizotypal dimension in SPQ in the individuals at high risk was higher than in the normal controls.Conclusion: The people at high risk for schizophrenia have negative schizotypal personality traits which may represent a genetic endophenotype for schizophrnia.

BACKGROUND: The researches on the onset mechanism and intervention of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) are affected due to few cases of generally-acknowledged animal model, so it is necessary to establish a reliable animal model for the study of PVL.0BJECTIVE: To establish PVL animal model of the 2-day-old SD rats.DESIGN: Randomized control animal trial.SETTING: Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University.MATERIALS: A total of 36 2-day-old SD rats of cleaning grade and either gender, weighing 6-8 g, were provided by the West China Experimental Animal Center of Sichuan University; Mice anti-O4 was purchased by Chemicon Company,rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), rabbit anti-β-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP), rabbit anti-myeline basic protein (MBP), SABC immunohistochemical kit and DAB color reagent were all offered by Wuhan Boster Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Rabbit anti-mice IgG-FITC was obtained from Zhongshan Golden Bridge BioTechnology Co., Ltd.METHODS: The experiment was accomplished in the Laboratory of Women and Children, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University between May and December in 2005. Totally 36 rats Were randomly divided into experimental PVL group and control group, 18 in each. The experimental PVL group was subjected to unilateral carotid ligation (UCL), and then they were put into a box filled with 6% oxygen and 94% nitrogen for 4 hours. Six rats were executed at ischemic 72hours, 14 days and 28 days respectively. Meanwhile sham surgeries were performed on the control group without ligation or exposure to hypoxia. And the time segment was identical with that of experimental group. ①Histopathological examination: Rat hearts were fixed by perfusion and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Light and electronic microscopy were used to observe the brain pathological and ultrastructure changes, ②Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the distribution and expression of GFAP, β-APP, MBP and O4 in the white matter of both experimental and the control groups 72 hours post-operation. ③Neuroethology examination: Hanging test (rats were forced to hold the horizontal glass rod with forelegs, and the time of dropping was recorded in the distance of 45 cm.Scoring: 1 point: ＜ 10 s; 2 points: 10-30 s; 3 points: 30 s-2 minutes; 4 points: 2-5 minutes; 5 points: ＞ 5 minutes),inclined plane test (rats were laid on the inclined plate at the angle of 45° while rat heads turning upwards at the angle of more than 135°), open field test (square box without summit was divided into 9 equal grills at the bottom, rats were placed in the central grill to observe the activity within 30 seconds. Scoring: 1 point as rats entered the neighbor cage above half the body; 1 point as standing by hind limbs; total scores were the addition of the two), and cylinder test (rats were put in the cylinder of 20 cm×30 cm×5 cm to record the time of initial forepaw of each weight-bearing contact with the wall during a full rear, right (ipsilateral) or left (contralateral) percentage of total forepaw contacts at initiation was calculated.) were tested on the SD rats at 28 days post-operation. Then statistical management was conducted.MATN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①HE stain and electronic microscope were used to detect the histopathology changes after ischemia and hypoxia.②lmmunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expressions of GFAP, β-APP, MBP and O4 in the corresponding cell and tissue after ischemia and hypoxia. ③Neuroethology examination was used to evaluate the rats after ischemia and hypoxia by scores of each test.RESULTS: All 36 rats were involved in the result analysis. ①White matter damage was observed in the periventricular white matter in the PVL group by light and electronic microscopy at the early stage of post-operation; Ventricular dilatation and the loss of medullary sheath were detected in the white matter at the latter stage. ②The integrated optical density (IOD) of GFAP in PVL group was stronger than that of the control group (6 566.93±455.56, 1 069.32±791.71,P ＜ 0.05), and the mean diameter of GFAP-immunoreactive cells was increased in the brain tissue of PVL group compared with those of the control group [(11.69±0.97), (8.24±0.22), P ＜ 0.05]; β-APP immunohistochemistry demonstrated the IOD of PVL group was stronger than that of the control group [(59 304.07±6 864.03), (15 132.29±2 455.52),P＜ 0.05]; MBP IOD of the PVL group was decreased compared with the control group [(21 764.29±1 981.63), (69 174.72±3 199.90), P ＜ 0.05]; The density of O4-immunoreactive pyknotic cells was dramatically increased in the PVL group compared with the control group [(54.08±11.99), (1.25±0.51), P＜ 0.05].③In PVL group, the hanging time was shorter in the hanging test than that of the control group [(1.27±0.14), (4.24±0.59) minutes, P ＜ 0.05]; The turning-around time was longer in the inclined plane test than that of the control group [(7.17±2.32), (3.27±0.82) s, P ＜ 0.05]; The score in the open field test was decreased than that of the control group [(3.68±0.82), (12.67±1.00) s, P ＜ 0.05]; In the cylinder test the activity of the left limb was less than that of the right limb [(19.25±2.77), (64.55±0.36)%, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: PVL animal model can be successfully established by the method of UCL-hypoxia using the 2-day-old SD rat, and appears the obvious white atter damage, abnormal neurobehavior, reasonable pathological and behavior change.

This article is to explore the practical application of concept maps in nursing teaching practice to make it as a learning tool to promote undergraduates to make a meaningful study. Besides, the results is applied in research on improving the teaching method so as to provide an effective teaching policy and evaluation tools to promote the scientific research and clinical practice in nursing care.

Objective:To clone the human cell death-inducing DFF45-like effectors 3(CIDE3) full length cDNA for construction the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.l(+)-CIDE3 and to study its bioactivity.Methods:① Total RNA was extracted from human white adipose tissues and the desired cDNA fragment was obtained by RT-PCR.After the fragment had being inserted into an eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.l(+),the resulted recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.l(+)-CIDE3 was transformed into DH5?.The positive clone was selected and confirmed to contain full length of CIDE3 cDNA by agarose gel and DNA sequence analysis.②After the pcDNA3.l(+)-CIDE3 plasmid was transfected into HeLa cells under lipofectamine mediation,the effect of target gene expression on growth of HeLa cells was analysed by TUNEL staining. Results:① The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.l(+)-CIDE3 was constructed successfully and the sequence of CIDE3 was consistent with that of genebank.②After transfected pcDNA3.l(+)-CIDE3,HeLa cells presented distinguished apoptosis(about 15%),compared with that of transfected plasmid pcDNA3.l(+)(

ObjectiveTo explore the genetic impact of TPH1 A218C,MAOA-uVNTR on abnormal frontal lobe of depressed patients and the interactions between the two polymorphisms using the method of genetic imaging.Methods28 patients with major depression and 34 healthy controls which were equal in sex,age,years of education and had negative family history of mental illness were recruited in our study.All paticipants underwent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) in negative emotion recognition and were divided into different genotypes.Then frontal lobe was extracted as region of interest by WFU software into six subregions-bilateral superior frontal lobe,middle frontal lobe and inferior frontal lobe.ResultsPatients (0.19 ± 0.01 ) and controls (0.15± 0.05 ) with TPH1 AA genotype showed increased activation in left inferior frontal lobe than patients and controls with AC or CC genot.Patients with AA genotype showed increased activation in right inferior frontal gyrus(0.28 ±0.07) than other five groups as well.Patients with MAOA-H genotype showed increased activation in right middle frontal gyrus(0.15 ±0.06),left inferior frontal gyrus(0.18±0.02) than patients and controls with L genotype.Superimposition of TPH1 A218C and MAOA-uVNTR exsited in abnormal function of left inferior frontal gyrus(F=4.98,P =0.047 ).Patients with AA and H genotype showed increased activation in this area significantly than other patient group.ConclusionDifferent genes in serotonin system can affect brain function through a common 5-HT feature.

Objective To establish the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)method in detecting the anti-M3RP antibody in Sj(o)gren's syndrome (SS) patients.and to explore the significance of this autoantibody in the diagnosis of SS.Methods The synthesized M3 receptor polypeptide was used as antigen in EUSA to detect the anti-M3RP antibody in sera of patients with SS.other CTDS and healthy controls.and the association between the clinical features of SS and anti-M3RP antibody was analyzed.Results Antibodies against M3RP were detected in 84.6%patients with pSS and 81-3% with sSS.8.8%with other CTD and 1%in heahhy controls.The positive rates of antibodies in pSS and sSS were higher than those in other CTDs and healthy controls.The presence of anti-M3RP antibodies had no significant correlation with clinical manifesta-tions and internal organ involvement.Furthermore.the positive rates of anti-M3RP antibodies in anti-α-fodrin.SSA,SSB,and ANA antibodies negative SS patients were 85%.89-3%,88.9%and 95.2%,respectively.body is a complementary parameter in the diagnosis of antibody-negative SS.

Objective:The objective of this research is to study the serum level of the high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in human ovarian tumor (OvCa) and in a healthy control. This study also aims to identify different HMGB1 levels before and after sur-gery and to explore the inhibitory effect of HMGB1 gene silencing in the proliferation and invasion ability of OvCa. Methods: En-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the serum level of HMGB1 in OvCa patients and healthy subjects. Lentivirus vector with HMGB1 shRNA was constructed and used to infect OvCa cells. The expressions of HMGB1 mRNA and protein were test-ed by real-time PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, whereas cell invasion and migration were detected by Transwell assay. Results:The serum level of HMGB1 was more elevated in patients with malignant diseas-es compared with individuals with benign diseases and the control groups. In the malignant group, the serum level of HMGB1 de-creased noticeably after therapy. Down-regulation of HMGB1 expression resulted in the inhibition of the biological behavior and metas-tasis of ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion: HMGB1 is closely associated with clinicopathologic features of OvCa. Knockdown of HMGB1 expression can significantly inhibit cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell invasion of OvCa. These findings indicate that HMGB1 can function as a therapeutic target for ovarian neoplasm in the future.

Objective:CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells (Treg) may contribute to tumor progression by suppressing antitumor im-munity. The function of Treg in antitumor immunity regulation in the peritoneal microenvironment of ovarian cancer (OC) was investi-gated and compared with the circulating Treg to elucidate OC immune escape. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of CD4+CD25+T cells in CD4+T cells in ascites of 27 patients with OC and in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 28 patients with OC. The samples were analyzed and classified in three stages:primary disease (PD), after chemotherapy (AC), and recurrence dis-ease (RD), according to the clinical conditions of the OC patients upon donating the samples. The percentage of Treg in the three groups was determined in ascites and blood. CD4+CD25+T cells were isolated from ascites and peripheral blood of patients with OC us-ing magnetic sorting (MACS) system. The cells were then tested for regulatory function through coculture with carboxyfluorescein diac-etate succinimidyl ester-labeled autologous CD4+ CD25- responder cells. Results:The proportion of CD4+ CD25+T cells in CD4+T cells significantly increased in ascites (28.25%± 14.06%) compared with that in blood (14.6%± 4.74%;P<0.0001). The Treg in ascites and blood in AC showed higher proportion (P<0.0001) than those in the PD and RD;the proportion in RD was higher than that in PD (P<0.0001). Moreover, the Treg in ascites mediated a significantly higher suppression compared with the Treg in peripheral blood (P<0.001). Conclusion:The frequency and suppressor function of Treg were significantly higher in ascites than in peripheral blood. This finding suggests more possibility for escape immune surveillance in the peritoneal microenvironment. Moreover, the proportion of Treg in AC was higher than that in PD or RD;the proportion in RD was higher than that in the PD. Chemotherapy may favor the expansion of Treg, which may promote the recurrence of cancer.

Objective To characterize the relationship between such phenotypes and the patterns of genetic mutations in the corresponding resistance genes in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)isolates in Shenzhen of China during 2007-2008.Methods According to standard of WHO,International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease(IUATLD),136 strains of MTB were collected by performing drug sensitivity test(DST)to isoniazid,rifampicin,streptomycin,ofloxacin and kanamycin on Lowenstein-Jensen in 1%proportion method.Genetic mutations in the corresponding resistance genes (rpoB,katG,rpsL,rrs1,gyrAB,rrs2)in these MTB isolates were identified by PCR,followed by DNA sequencing of the purified PCR products.The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)values of the aforementioned anti-tuberculosis drugs were determined for these MTB clinical isolates by two-fold dilution method in vitro.Results A total of 123 isolates were collected,73 isolates were drug resistant.50 isolates were drug susceptible.Among the isolates that were resistant to isoniazid,rifampicin,streptomycin.ofloxacin and kanamycin,the proportion of isolates that harboured mutations in the respective genes was 84.6%,93.6%,65.9%,100%,61.1%.For katG gene,the mutation detected were S315T or S315N.For rpoB,the most frequently found changes were S531L(30/44,68.2%)and H526D(9/44,20.5%)or H526R(1/44,2.3%).The reported mutations that K43R and KS8Q were founded in the rpsL locus and 491C→T and 513A→C were founded in the rrs1 gene related with streptomycin-resistant strains.For gyrA,all gyrA mutations were clustered in codons 90,91,and 94 apart from the S95T that was natural polymorphism.accounted for 81.1% of the ofloxacin-resistant isolates,and condon 91 was the most frequently mutated.No mutation were found in gyrB.The most frequent substitution were 1400 A→G(9/11,81.8%)and 1483 G→T(2/11,18.2%)in a specific region of the rrs2 gene related with kanamycin-resistant strains.No mutations except S95T of gyrA detected in the drug-susceptible isolates.The MIC values of clinical drug-resistant strains that the same drug-resistant group contains a different resistance phenotype are basically the same with the relevant resistance genes in the same mutation.Associated resistance mutations in different sites varied significantly with their MIC values.Conclusion The mutation characterization of drug-resistant and drug-suscep-tible isolates of MTB have been shown to vary according to geographic region,phenotypic characteristics exist difference in resistance levels due to different muntants of drug-resistant gene.

Objective To observe the poet-operative clinical inpact on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia surgery by Loop elcctrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP),gelatin paste to improve the healing of the Cut,prevent the post-operative bleeding,and find out effective methods of preventing LEEP complications.Methods 100 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia underwent LEEP in clinic.Divide them into two groups randomly,60 patients were adopted gelatin paste post-LEEP ag the cure group.while 40 patients were adopted as control group.Observation Vaginal bleeding,infection and cervical rear in short-term.Results In 60 patients of cure group,never patients with vaginal bleeding,infection and the cut healing in the short time.In 40 patients of control group,three patients with vaginal bleeding,two patients with infection,and three patients with bad healing.The different between two group with vaginal bleeding,infection and the cut healing time was significant(P＜0.05).Condusion gelatin paste can reduce bleeding.infection and cervical repair bad cmpllcations after cervical intraepithelial neoplasia surgery by LEEP.