Objective To evaluate the value of revised Geneva score, Daniel ECG score and age-adjusted D-dimer for predicting pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods A total of 91 cases suspected as pulmonary embolism were collected, and 52 cases were diagnosed as pulmonary embolism by computed tomographic pulmonary angiography(CTPA) results.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves and diagnostic test evaluation indexes were used to evaluate the probability of PE predicted by the revised Geneva score,Daniel ECG score, age-adjusted D-dimer and combination of these two clinical scores and age-adjusted D-dimer.Results The confirmed PE was 21.4% with a low probability(revised Geneva score 0~3 points),55.4% in intermediate probability(4~10 points),85.7% in high probability(score≥11 points).The prevalence of PE was 33.3% with a low clinical probability (Daniel ECG score<2 points)and 70.7% with a high clinical probability(Daniel ECG score≥2 points).The sensitivity and specificity of age-adjusted D-dimer in predicting pulmonary embolism were 92.3%,69.2%.The area under curve of the ROC curve(AUC)in the revised Geneva score and Daniel ECG score has no significant difference(Z=0.979).The negative predictive value of the revised Geneva score, Daniel ECG score combined with D-dimer in pulmonary embolism were 100.0% and 87.5%.Conclusion All of revised Geneva score, Daniel ECG score and age-adjusted D-dimer have certain predictive value on pulmonary embolism , and the revised Geneva score combined with age-adjusted D-dimer can be more safely exclude pulmonary embolism.

Objective:To explore androgynous female college students' personality traits,physical and psycho- logical symptom and adaptation to college life.Methods:A cluster sample of 1081 female college students was tested with the Chinese Sex Role Inventory (CSBI),NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R),Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90),and China College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS).Results:(1) The percentage of four gender role stereotypes,including masculine,feminine,androgynous and undifferentiated,were 23.8%,24.1%, 25.1%,27.1% respectively.(2) Androgynous female college students' score of extraversion,openness,agreeable- ness,conscientiousness were highest,for example,androgynous female college students' score of extraversion was (3.7?0.4),but androgynous female college students' score (2.1?0.6) of neuroticism was lowest.In contrast,un- differentiated female college students' scores of extraversion (3.1?0.5),openness,agreeableness,conscientious- ness were lowest,androgynous female college students' score (2.8?0.6) of neuroticism was highest.For other gender role stereotypes,female college students' score was between androgynous and undifferentiated.(3) As to all factors of physical and psychological symptom,androgynous female college students' scores were lowest,but undifferentiated fe- male college students' scores were highest.For example,anxiety score of androgynous female college students was (1.4?0.4),and that of undifferentiated female college students was (1.6?0.6);depression score of androgynous female college students was (1.4?0.4),and that of undifferentiated female college students was (1.6?0.6). (4) Androgynous female college students' adjustment of interpersonal relationship (37.6?5.7) was better than that of undifferentiated female college students (29.4?6.5).Other gender role stereotypes' adjustment scores of interper- sonal relationship were between androgynous and undifferentiated female college students.Conclusion:Although an- drngynous female college students' personality trait,physical and psychological symptom and adaptation to college life are better than other gender role stereotypes statistically,these results need more deeply research.

Objective:To explore the quality on 64-slice CT coronary angiography with different injection rates of contrast agent.Methods: 120 patients who have been diagnosed or suspected coronary atherosclerosis were selected in our hospital and were randomly divided into group A(4.5ml/s), group B(5.0ml/s) and group C(5.5ml/s), with 40 cases in each group. We observed CT attenuation values, image quality, and adverse reactions of the three groups.Results: There were significant differences in the ascending aorta, descending aorta, left main, left anterior descending artery, circumflex artery and the right coronary artery and other parts of the CT attenuation value (F=6.838,F=4.002,F=7.261,F=5.992,F=8.281,F=5.790,F=6.126;P<0.05). In image quality, the group B with 34 cases was significantly better than group A with 12 cases and group C with 20 cases (x2=9.632,x2=5.475;P<0.05). The rate of adverse reactions was 30%, 7.5% and 22.5% with 12 cases in group A, 3 cases in group B and 9 cases in group C. The rate in group B was significantly lower than in group A and group C (x2=12.985,x2=10.236;P<0.05).Conclusion: Through the application of the same concentration of the contrast agent and scan conditions to coronary angiography, we can get a good vascular enhancement and high quality imaging when the injection rate of contrast medium is 5ml/s, while incidence of adverse reactions may be reduced.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of melatonin on the gastrointestinal motility and plasma levels of the stress hormone in overtraining rats.

METHODThirty adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): control group, over-training group, melatonin intervention group. 30 min before each training, rats in the control and over-training groups were fed with normal saline (15 mg/kg) once a day and 5 times per week, while rats in the melatonin intervention group were administrated with melatonin, perfusion in the intervention group (15 mg/kg). Excessive training group and melatonin intervention group rats were subjected to excessive training at 5 times a week for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, the gastric emptying rate, small intestinal propulsion ratio and levels of plasma motilin (MTL) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), cortisol (CORT) and catecholamines (CA) were observed in all groups.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the gastric emptying rate, small intestinal propulsion ratio and levels of plasma MTL, CORT and CA were increased significantly (P < 0.01) while the content of CGRP was reduced (P < 0.01) in over-training group. After treated with melatonin, this trend was reversed, that was, the gastric emptying rate, small intestinal propulsion ratio and levels of plasma MTL, CORT and CA were surpressed significantly (P < 0.01) while the content of CGRP was improved obviously (P < 0.01) in over-training group.

CONCLUSIONMelatonin plays an important role in protecting gastrointestinal tract from dysfunction, in which MTL, CGRP, CORT and CA are all involved.

Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; blood ; Catecholamines ; blood ; Fatigue ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Hydrocortisone ; blood ; Melatonin ; pharmacology ; Motilin ; blood ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Physiological

Many specific therapeutic antibody drugs have been developed for different indications. In drug development, it has been found that the antibody isotype framework can not only affect the physical and chemical properties of therapeutic antibodies, but also influence the activity and therapeutic effect. As a result, IgG isotype selection should be considered carefully in antibody drug development strategies. Because of the unique biological characteristics, IgG4 isotype has been used in some therapeutic antibodies for which effector functions are not desired. In order to provide new ideas for the development of antibody drugs, the research and application progress of IgG4 isotype in therapeutic antibody drug development has been reviewed.
Drug Design ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Diet, High-Fat ; Ghrelin ; blood ; Lipids ; blood ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the determination of pemetrexed disodium in human plasma. METHODS:The plasma sample was determined by HPLC after protein were precipitated with strong acid. The determination was performed on Xterra?RP 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-50 mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution(15∶85) at the flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 225 nm. RESULTS:The linear range of pemetrexed disodium were 1.0-32.0 mg/L (r=0.999 9,n=5) with recoveries of 86.35%-87.25%. RSDs of inter-day and intra-day were lower than 4.21%(n=5). Minimum detection concentration of plasma was 0.05 mg/L. The patients with high plasma concentration easily suf-fered from arrest of bone marrow. The plasma concentration was(18.56±4.50)mg/L,which could induce ADR;when the plasma concentration was (14.05 ± 6.72) mg/L,no ADR was found. There was statistical significance after t-test (P<0.05). CONCLU-SIONS:The method is simple,quick,accurate,sensitive and suitable for the plasma concentration determination of pemetrexed di-sodium and human pharmacokinetics study.

Objective Establish and evaluate the method of number of alleles identical by state in full sib test.Methods Sib pair group and unrelated individual pair group were genotyped in 13 STR loci,statistical calculation was carried out.Results Through analysis by discriminant function the posterior probability of membership in each group and error of the posterior probability was obtained.The discriminant function in sib group is L sib =-27.087 03+3.202 32S(S:number of alleles identical by state);The discriminant function in unrelated individual group is:L unrelated =-7.495 63+1.685 09S.The average error of the posterior probability in sib and unrelated pair group is 0.026 5.Conclusion When the number of alleles identical by state is more than 17 or less than 8,posterior probability of a full sib or unrelated individuals is more than 0.998 0 or 0.999 4,respectively.The method based on the number of alleles identical by state in full sib test is credible in identifying sib pair relationship.

To explore the effect of acupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) on the cardiovascular functions in the patient with low pulse pressure syndrome. Methods: 49 cases were randomly divided into acupuncture group and medicine group. Acupuncture group was treated by acupuncture at bilateral Neiguan (PC 6) for 3 consecutive days, and the medicine group was given intravenous drip of Shenmai Injectio for 6 consecutive days. 20ml each day. Blood pressure, pulse pressure. SV, CO. LVWL, MAP, TPR. CCP, PAWP, BV, MHR and CMBV were examined before and after treatment. 23 healthy subjects were observed as controls. Results: The pulse pressure of patients before treatment was significantly lower than that of controls (P

Objective To immunize BALB/c mice with type 3 musearinic acetylcholine receptor polypeptide (M3RP) and to evaluate the role of M3RP in SS. Methods Four-week-old BALB/e mice were immunized with M3R polypeptide 213-228 (M3RP) on days 0, 14, 35, 56, and were re-immuniged on days 65, 84, 105, and one mouse was killed every 2 to 3 weeks. The mice of the control group were immunized with submaxillary gland homogenate, GST, and PBS. The animals were analyzed for the presence of anti-SSA,anti-SSB, RF, ANA, anti-a-fodrin and anti-M3RP in sera by immunofluorescenee or ELISA. The cytokines of IFN-γ IL-2 and IL-10 were measured with ELISA. Salivary glands were examined by H＆E staining and immunohistochemical analysis. Volume of water drinking by each groups were calculated. Results BALB/e mice immunized with M3RP and submaxillary gland homogenate developed an immune response directed against M3RP, α-fodrin and ANA, but no antibodies against SSA, SSB and RF were found. Furthermore, lym-phocytic infiltrates in the salivary glands of immunized animals were observed 50 days after first immunization of M3RP and submaxillary gland homogenate. The serum IFN-α in mice of M3RP, submaxillary gland ho-mogenate, GST and PBS was (62±6), (89±5), (30±5) and (19±6) pg/ml respectively, and IL-2 was (12.6±1.6), (19.8±0.4), (3.9±0.9), and (4.9±1.1) pg/ml respectively (P<0.05). No difference was found in the level of serum IL-10 among the four group. Expression of α-fodrin was found only in submaxillary gland in M3RP and submaxillary gland homogenate groups of mice, but not in PBS and GST controls when studied by immunohistochemical analysis. Conclusion These results suggest that BALB/c mice immunized with M3RP are reminiscent of human SS, and M3RP as an autoantigen participates the development of SS.