BACKGROUND: Glass ionomer cement has been a commonly used filling matedal in the clinic. However, glass ionomer easily absorbs water and dissolves in early concretionary phase, which can reduce the leak tightness of the edge of obturator, resulting in slightly leakage. Therefore, protective agents are necessary following glass monomer filling. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of three protective agents (vaseline, cocoa butter, luminous paint) on edge closeness of glass ionomer cements. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The controlled observation study was performed at the Central Laboratory, Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Qingdao University from July to October 2007. MATERIALS: Forty freshly block teeth were used. After cleaning the facing, a 5 mm×3 mm×2 mm cavity was made at 1/3 part near to buccal surface using a high speed turbine engine under water cooling. Tooth facing was coated twice with colorless nail-polish at1 mm from the cavity. Apical foramen was covered with rod wax sheet. Teeth were equally and randomly assigned into control group, vaseline group, cocoa butter group and luminous paint group. METHODS: Glass ionomer cement was filled into the cavity. The filling surfaces were respectively coated with vaseline, cocoa utter and luminous paint in each group. The control group was left intact. Hot-cold cycle test and microleakage test were performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The depth from dye penetration into the cavity wall to filling was recorded. RESULTS: Microleakage to different degrees was observed in each group under the microscope. However, the penetration depth was deeper in the control group than other three groups (P ＜ 0.05). No significant difference in penetration depth was detected among the vaseline, cocoa butter and luminous paint groups (P ＞ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Vaseline, cocoa butter and luminous paint have good effects on wet prevention.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the problems and challenges of HIV/AIDS epidemic on public health supervision in China.METHODS The main problems were found out by retrospective survey method,and could be solved through establishing a system of management.RESULTS The laws,regulations and specializations were strengthened and the full of public health supervision efforts were made.CONCLUSIONS It is essential to actively participate in widespread mass media education efforts to mainstream knowledge about HIV/AIDS prevention and care.But also to strengthen laws and specializations,to improve the quality of supervision,and to prevent and control of HIV/AIDS epidemic.

BACKGROUND: Glass ionomer cement has been a commonly used filling material in the clinic. However, glass ionomer easily absorbs water and dissolves in early concretionary phase, which can reduce the leak tightness of the edge of obturator, resulting in slightly leakage. Therefore, protective agents are necessary following glass ionomer filling. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of three protective agents (vaseline, cocoa butter, luminous paint) on edge closeness of glass ionomer cements. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The controlled observation study was performed at the Central Laboratory, Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Qingdao University from July to October 2007. MATERIALS: Forty freshly block teeth were used. After cleaning the facing, a 5 mm?3 mm?2 mm cavity was made at 1/3 part near to buccal surface using a high speed turbine engine under water cooling. Tooth facing was coated twice with colorless nail-polish at 1 mm from the cavity. Apical foramen was covered with red wax sheet. Teeth were equally and randomly assigned into control group, vaseline group, cocoa butter group and luminous paint group. METHODS: Glass ionomer cement was filled into the cavity. The filling surfaces were respectively coated with vaseline, cocoa butter and luminous paint in each group. The control group was left intact. Hot-cold cycle test and microleakage test were performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The depth from dye penetration into the cavity wall to filling was recorded. RESULTS: Microleakage to different degrees was observed in each group under the microscope. However, the penetration depth was deeper in the control group than other three groups (P 0.05). CONCLUSION: Vaseline, cocoa butter and luminous paint have good effects on wet prevention.

Objective To observe the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Zhuye Shigao Decoction (ZSD) on experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Methods Type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model was induced by intragastric administration of high fat diet(10 mL/kg) and intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (30 mg·kg-1). Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into normal group, model group, low-, moderate-and high-dose ZSD groups (in the dosage of 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 g·kg-1·d-1 respectively), and Metformin group (0.15 g·kg-1·d-1) , 10 rats in each group. With fasting blood glucose, urine glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), serum insulin, serum superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) as the main indexes, we evaluated the influence of ZSD on the blood glucose and lipid levels as well as oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Results Compared with the model group, the levels of blood glucose, urine glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, and the contents of TC, TG, MDA were decreased (P <0.05), whereas SOD activity and serum insulin level were obviously increased (P < 0.05) in ZSD groups. ZSD showed dose-related effectiveness in the treatment of diabetic rats. Conclusion ZSD has certain hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVETo observe the curative effect of Qianjin Kouchuang Jiawei Granule (QKJG) on recurrent oral ulceration [yin deficiency fire excess type (YDFET)].

METHODSTotally 120 patients who suffered from recurrent oral ulceration (YDFET) were randomly assigned to two groups, the experiment group and the control group, 60 in each group. Patients in the experiment group took QKJG, 20 g each time, twice per day, while those in the control group took Kouyanqing Granule (KG) , 20 g each time, twice per day. Fourteen days consisted of one therapeutic course, two for all. Scores for patients' symptoms and signs (ulcer area, exudation, hyperaemia, edema, the number of ulceration, burning sensation, and pain degrees) were assessed before treatment, at day 3 and 7 after treatment. Short-term efficacy was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). The total paralysis time and the total number of ulceration at month 12 after treatment were taken as judgment for long-term efficacy. Results Compared with before treatment in the same group, symptoms and signs were obviously improved at day 3 and 7 after treatment in the two groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group at day 3 after treatment, the improvement of edema, exudation, pain degree, and burning sensation was more obvious in the experiment group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The improvement of edema, pain degree, and burning sensation at day 7 after treatment was more obvious in the experiment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). As for short-term efficacy, the total effective rate was 86.67% (52/60 cases) in the experiment group and 83.33% (50/60 cases) in the control group, with no statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). As for long-term efficacy, the total effective rate was 90.00% (54/60 cases) in the experiment group, significantly higher than that of the control group with statistical difference [81.67% (49/60 cases), P < 0.05]. At month 12 after treatment, the total number of ulceration was reduced and the paralysis time of ulcer attack prolonged in the experiment group, with statistical difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONQKJG showed better long-term efficacy than that of KG in treating recurrent oral ulceration (YDFET).

Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Pain Measurement ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy

With the rapid development of medical and health sciences,the pressure on the new skills learning for health professionals has also increased.Advanced training has become important opportunity for the career development of the health professionals.This study takes a third—grade class —A hospital to conduct a case study,using the questionnaire to collect information and analyzed the factors that might affect the pressure for advanced training.This paper also discussed how to improve the quality of advanced training by reduce the pressure of the medical staff from the view point of hospital and individuals.

Through a congenital cleft hand cleft foot line analysis of clinical manifestations, the mode of inherit-ance, clinical type of 15 patients. It was found that the pedigrees of congenital foot deformity in patients with cleft hand cleft hand split foot crack were typical, and non-syndromic. The disease presents the typical pedigree body autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, clinical manifestations of the great differences between patients, the pres-ence of significant genetic heterogeneity.

BACKGROUND:The effect of body mass index (BMI) on the outcomes ofin vitrofertilization (IVF) is controversial. Some scholars suggested that the higher BMI, the lower rate of pregnancy, and the higher rate of abortion. However, some others got the different results. To data, the effects of BMI on the pregnancy outcomes in females at different ages are rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of BMI on the pregnancy outcomes of IVF for infertile women atdifferent ages.
METHODS:A total of 902 cycles undergoing IVF were divided into two groups according to the age:≤ or> 35 years old groups. The patients in each group were then divided into four subgroups according to BMI: low weight, normal weight, excess weight, and obesity subgroups, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With increasing BMI, the average dosage of gonadotropins was increased gradualy in two both of age groups (P < 0.05). In the≤ 35 years old, the levels of estrogens on the day of injecting human chorionic gonadotropin was significantly lower in obesity group than the other subgroups (P < 0.05); the rates of empty folicle in excess weight and obesity subgroups were significantly higher than that in normal weight subgroup (P < 0.008 23). The fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate of in obesity subgroup were significantly lower than those in the other subgroups (P < 0.05). In the > 35 years old group, the empty folicle rate in obesity subgroup was significantly higher than that in normal weight subgroup (P < 0.008 23). Fertilization rate in excess weight and obesity subgroups was significantly lower than that in the normal weight subgroup (P< 0.008 23). There were no significant differences in cleavage rate, cycle cancelation rate, implantation rate, biochemical pregnancy rate and abortion rate between four subgroups (P> 0.05). These findings suggest that in the females at the younger age, BMI not only affects the quality of folicles and fertilization rate; but with increasing BMI, clinical pregnancy rate is decreased obviously. However in the females at the older age, BMI only affects the folicular quality, embryo quality and fertilization rates; there are no significant differences in the outcomes of pregnancy in the four subgroups. BMI have effects on pregnancy outcomes of IVF, and the effects are much greater in the younger female group.

Lung adenocarcinoma accounted for about 70％ of non-small cell lung cancer,and now a higher risk of detected.Early diagnosis and early treatment can significantly improve lung adenocarcinoma patients after operation and improve the survival rate of patients.Bronchoscope clinical diagnosis of lung cancer and chest wall puncture in pathology has problem in that it is an operation and specimen is not easy to get,compared to tumor markers that are easy to obtain.A series of studies in recent years have shown that the joint detection of tumor markers has important value in early detection and diagnosis,prognosis assessment,and tumor recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma.