Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type in thyroid carcinomas.Recently,the prevalence and diagnostic rate of PTC has got significantly high with the general use of ultrasound.Nowadays,more and more studies have suggested that the coexistence of PTC and diabetes is common.They indicated that hyperglycemia would induce the deterioration of oxidative stress injury,chronic inflammation,insulin resistance,obesity,dyslipidemia,deficiency of vitamin D and dysimmunity.All of these may break the balance of oxidation and antioxidation and result in disordering signal pathway,accumulation of inflammatory cytokines,over activating of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1,changing the metabolic pathways,which will promote the occurrence and progression of PTC.

OBJECTIVE: To review the target concentration intervention (TCI) theory and provide reliable evidences for the optimization of drug treatment in clinical practice. METHODS: Relevant literatures were extensively and comprehensively reviewed. RESULTS: Since 1960s, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) had been applied in clinical practice to realize individualized drug administration. Due to some potential limitations of TDM such as neglecting inter-individual variability and failure to take drug effects into account, more and more scholars proposed a new theory which is called TCI as an alternative of TDM. The TCI approach takes advantage of known patient variables, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to interpret drug effect and concentration observations. It not only overcomes the defects of TDM, but also provides a complete strategy for individual administration. CONCLUSION: TCI is an extension of TDM, which has clinical significance for individualized therapy.

Lycopene is an important natural carotenoid,and is widely found in human tissues and blood,with the prevention of many types of cancer,anti-aging effect.It can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells of oral malignancy,and increasing of gap-junction communication between cells to prevent oral cancer,and also can inhibit the development of colorectal cancer by reducing the activity of matrix metalloproteinase.It plays the role of anti-metastasis through enhancing the expression of anti-metastatic gene nm23-H1.

Recently,many studies find that microRNA plays a key role in the development,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of gastric cancer.It is confirmed that miR-451 can be used as a useful biomarker for the screening of gastric cancer.Studies also show that miR-203 and miR-21 may become diagnostic markers of gastric cancer.MicroRNA can play the role of oncogenes,and also can play the role of tumor suppressor gene,such as miR-141 plays the role of tumor suppressor gene through inhibition of the positive fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 gene expression.

Arsenic ; blood ; urine ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Humans ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic

Objective To analyse the cause,therapeutic modalities and prognosis of late recurrent retinal detachment after scleral buckling.Methods A total of 657 patients(657 eyes) underwent scleral buckling,and the clinical data of 16 patients(16 eyes) with recurrent retinal detachment 6 months after the procedure were retrospectively analysed. ResultsLate recurrent retinal detachment occurred in 6 to 45 months after primary surgery,(23.87?18.46)months in average,in 2.44% of all the patients.Among the 16 patients with recurrent retinal detachment,11 experienced new retinal breaks,and old breaks reopened in the other 5.Proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR) grade B was found in 4 patients,grade C in 10,and grade D in 2.Fifteen patients were reoperated,among whom 4 received scleral buckling,and the other 11 vitreoretinal surgery.After reoperation,the retina was reattached in 13 cases.The patients were followed up for 4 to 16 months,and no new recurrence was observed. Conclusion Late recurrent retinal detachment after scleral buckling is rare and PVR seems to be an important factor.Reoperation based on the vitreoretinal condition can yield better prognosis.

Dry eye is one of the most frequently ocular surface diseases. Recent researches found that many reasons caused decrease of ocular surface damage and the quality of tears , such as the change of ocular surface, immuno-inflammatory responses, apoptosis and the reduction of sex hormone. It is reported that the decline of ovarian function and hormone level in postmenopausal women which leads to abnormal structure and function of tear film is more likely to develop dry eye. In this paper, the ocular surface, pathogenesis and progresses of treatment on postmenopausal women with dry eye are reviewed.

Noun and verb are always two primary lexical knowledge information in all kinds of languages. It plays an important role in the structure and function of the language. Cognitive activation and differential neural basis when aphasiacs distinguish from these two kinds of lexical knowledge information is the focus of subjects, such as neuropsychology, neurolinguistics and neuroimage. The specific deficit regarding the precessing of noun and verb was analyzed in the article with the data of this aphasiac.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristic of aphasia after left Basal ganglia injured.Methods10 cases with focus at left Basal ganglia and aphasia were assessed with Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center's Chinese Standard Aphasia Examination 12 weeks after stroke.Results and ConclusionThe characteristics of these 10 patients did not only show similar to the characteristics of Basal ganglia aphasia,but some other features.The relationship of the symptom and imaging finding has been discussed.

Since the symptoms and mechanism of poststroke aphasia are various and complicated, there are a great deal of problems which are difficult to resolve yet. At the aspect of aphasia research, Chinese and Western medicine have different emphases, Chinese medicine emphasizes particularly on therapy, Western medicine emphasizes on discussing mechanism of aphasia, all kinds of sorts and evaluation of aphasia and pertinence rehabilitation, and so on; modern research methods include neurolinguistics, neuropsychology, cognitive science, neurorehabilitation, neuroelectrophysiology, neuroimage and so on, all these means of aphasia research often involve in cross multi-subject, furthermore becoming powerful implement of recognizing brain mechanism.