Vascular endothelial growth factor can induce angiogenesis in vivo.Phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathway widespreads in cells,which plays important roles in cell growth,proliferation,differentiation,and angiogenesis.The phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathway can activate vascular endothelial growth factor,such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1,insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ,nitric oxide synthaseand cyclooxygenase-2.The present studies have shown that the vascular endothelial growth factor and phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathway play an important role in the retinopathy of prematurity.

0.05). But the Wuling Sang could obviously decrease serum TG content than Simvastatin(P0.05). The adverse drug reactions were stomach discomfort(4 patiens in SWS) group, 5.71%), abdominal discomfort(2 patiens in Simvastatin group, 4.55% ) and sleeplessness(5 patiens in Simvastatin group, 11.4%) . CONCLUSION: The results show the TCM drug SWS is effective and softy on treating the patients with primary hyperlipemia.

Cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) can induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS).This review elaborated the influences of SIRS in acute lung injury after CPB.

Objective To explore the cognition processes of language in stroke patients by characterizing the differences between the event-related potentials (ERPs) N400 evoked bypicture-word andsentence-wordparadigms.Methods Twenty patients with a single brain lesion resulting from a first episode of stroke were tested along with 20 normal controls.Their N400 ERPs were tested using pictures and sentences as activating stimuli and phrases composed of nouns and verbs as the target stimuli.The N400 potentials were recorded from electrodes located at Fz,Pz,T3 and T4 positions of the International 10-20 system.The N400 latencies and amplitudes and the behavioral responses of the experimental and control groups were compared.Results The latencies were longer and the amplitudes were lower in response to sentence activation than to picture activation.The differences in terms of amplitude were the greatest with N400 recorded from Pz.The responses to the target stimuli were not significantly different with regard to the types of stimuli and recording location.The average response time was longer and the error rate was higher in response to sentence activation than to picture activation.Conclusion Multiple accesses,activating stimuli and integrating processes are involved in language cognition.The brain is more sensitive and accurate in response to picture stimuli in language cognition.The response to sentence stimuli is slower,and the error rate is higher.This suggests that it is better to usc varied prime stimuli in teaching children languages.

Cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) is often followed by pulmonary dysfunction,and is also regarded as a high risk factor for development of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).This article reviewed the recent researches of the mechanisms of lung injury induced by CPB.

The catabolic response to severe injury , burn, inflammatory ,acute pancreatitis and operation is characterized by whole-body protein loss, mainly reflecting increased breakdown of muscle proteins. Glucocorticoids and various proinflammatory cytokines are important regulators of muscle proteolysis in stressed patients. In recent years, three types of treatments have been used to reduce or prevent the catabolic response to injury and sepsis: ①nutritional, ②hormonal, and ③pharmacologic. This article review the catabolic response and the corresponding interruption under the stress conditions.

Beta blocker can be categorized by non-selective agents,selective agents and agents with vasodilatory effect.Beta blocker therapy represents a major advance in the treatment of heart failure patients.The mechanisms include up-regulation of beta receptor,reversing remodeling,improving contractile and diastolic function,antiarrhythmia and anti-ischemia.Evidences from randomized controlled clinical trials have supported its use in the treatment of patients with heart failure to decrease mortality and improve life quality.Guidelines with various versions recommend that ?-blockers are indicated for patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic heart failure and a depressed ejection fraction of lower than 40%.There is something to be noticed for rational use of ?-blockers such as timing,dosage,duration and contraindications.

Nosocomial infection is a serious problem in the diagnosis, treatment and management of neonatal disease. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is high risk place for nosocomial infections whose clinical features vary with age, nation and region. The improvemnts in hand hygiene measures and antibiotic stewardship and control of the risk are recommended to effectively prevent nosocomial infections in NICU and to improve the healthcare service in neonates.

Nuclear factor kappa B(NF-?B) is an important transcription factor in the expression of many inflammatory media. With the recent progress of molecular biological technique, the modulated mechanism of NF-?B in immunity, stress, inflammatory responses, and the differentiation and growth of lymphocyte has been the focus. This review presents the role of NF-?B in ischemia-reperfusion and cardiopulmonary bypass, and the research progression of intervention therapy in inhibition of the activation of NF-?B is also introduced herein after.

Since Gibbon designed the first heart lung bypass machine in cats in 1937, Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has improved a great deal and has developed tremendously. But there are still many complications including hematologic, renal, cardiac, neurologic, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal dysfunctions associated with this brilliant technique. Research of the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of CPB has progressed with the aid of a number of investigative techniques and models, both animal and human. Large animal models have been, and remain, extremely valuable for the study of "full-scale" technologies, particularly prior to clinical application. However, the expenses are too large, and the managements of animals are too difficult in the perioprative period. A preclinical model of CPB for small animals is desirable. The main advantage of a rat model is the low costs of animals and equipment, and the convenience of research which does not require a full-scale operating environment, and a large availability of assays. It is very suitable to study the fluid dynamic, inflammatory, and organ system responses in which physiological mechanisms rather than the technology itself are the focus for investigation. Some of these researches has been done, therefore, in a truly clinically relevant model of bypass, one in which the surface area and priming volume of the circuitry, together with the surgical approach to the procedure, are matched with the clinical model, has not been achieved yet. We review the different models of CPB for rats, discuss their characteristics, give suggestions and requirements for a new up-to-date model that could be a useful tool in continued research on the pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies of CPB.