This study is based on the application of the medical simulator and the multimedia technology to the medical English teaching for overseas students during their clinical practice in surgical department.It shows that this teaching model is effective by delivering a good studying surroundings and various language carriers.

Objective To investigate the effects of O-GlcNAc modification on gintamine (Glu)-induced heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression in LPS-treated rat cardiomyocytes.Methods Primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into 6 groups:group Ⅰ control(group C);group Ⅱ Glu;group Ⅲ LPS;group Ⅳ Glu+LPS;group Ⅴ Glu+LPS+Alloxan and group Ⅵ Gln+LPS+PUGNAc.In group C double distilled water 25 μl was added.In group Ⅱ-Ⅵ the cells were exposed to the sanle concentrations of Glu (5 mmol/L)and LPS(4 μg/ml) except Alloxan (an inhibiter of O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosamine transferase/OGT) (1 mmol/L) and PUGNAc (an inhibitor of O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase/OGA)(100μmol/L).After being incubated for 6 h,cardiomyocyte viability,O-GlcNAc modification level and HSP70 expression level were measured.Results There was no significant difference in cell viability among the six groups.The levels of O-GlcNAc modification and HSP70 expression were significantly higher in group Ⅱ-Ⅵ than in group Ⅰ,were significantly higher in group Ⅳ and group Ⅵ than in group Ⅲ,were significantly lower in group Ⅴ and higher in group Ⅵ than in group Ⅳ.Conclusion O-GlcNAc modification may be involved in Glu-induced HSPT0 expression in LPS-treated cardiomyocytes.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical application of 64-slice spiral computer tomography pulmonary angiography (CTP), in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods: Sixty-two patients suspected of PE were examined by 64-slice spiral CTPA. The image findings combined with their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Twenty-four of the 62 patients were confirmed to have PE by clinical data, laboratory examination and follow-up examination. 64-slice spiral CTPA discovered 152 involved branches in the 24 PE patients, including 4 branches in left and right pulmonary trunk, 52 in lobar pulmonary arteries, 82 in segmental pulmonary arteries, and 14 in subsegmental arteries. Four types of PE were detected in our group, including eccentric filling defect in 58 branches, central filling defect in 49 branches, total occlusion of the pulmonary arteries in 21 branches, and mural embolism of host artery in 24 branches. The diagnosis accuracy of 64-slice spiral CTPA in the present group of patients was 100%, with no missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Besides, 64-slice spiral CTPA could reflect the location, morphology, involvement and degrees of PE. Conclusion: 64-slice spiral CTPA is a rapid, accurate and non-invasive diagnostic approach for PE. It is the first choice in clinical screening of PE and may serve as a gold standard for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of hemoglobin A1c in type 2 diabetic patients,including blood glucose,anti-diabetic therapeutic regiments,disease course,age,diabetic education,degree-educated,self-monitoring blood glucose.Methods Seventy-eight type 2 diabetic patients were divided into two groups by different degree of blood glucose,anti-diabetic therapeutic regiments,disease course,age,diabetic education,degree-educated,self-monitoring blood glucose.The levels of hemoglobin A1c in two groups were compared.Results There were significant changes in the levels of hemoglobin A1c between fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≤ 6.1 mmol/L group (30 cases) and FBG ＞ 6.1 mmol/L group (48cases),2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hBG) ≤8.0 mmol/L group (32 cases) and 2hBG ＞ 8.0 mmol/L group (46 cases ),insulin treatment group (27 cases) and no-insulin treatment group ( 51 cases ),combined drugs treatment group ( 36 cases ) and single drug treatment group ( 15 cases),age ≤ 65 years old group (41cases) and age ＞65 years old group (37 cases),disease course≤ 10 years group (39 cases) and disease course ＞ 10 years group( 39 cases),degree-educated above high grade group( 34 cases) and degree-educated below high grade group (44 cases),diabetic education ≥2 times/month group (20 cases) and diabetic education ＜ 2 times/month group (58 cases),self-monitoring blood glucose≥2 times/week group ( 19 cases)and self-monitoring blood glucose ＜ 2 times/week group (59 cases)[ (6.7 ± 1.5 )％ vs.(7.9 ± 1.3 )％,(6.8 ±1.1)％ vs.(7.8 ± 1.2)％,(6.7 ± 1.5)％ vs.(8.1 ± 1.4)％,(6.8 ± l.0)％vs.(8.0 ± 1.6)％,(6.9 ± 1.7)％ vs.(7.4 ± 1.6)％,(6.5 ± 1.2)％ vs.(8.2 ± 1.3)％,(6.9 ± 1.0)％ vs.(7.6 ± 1.4)％,(6.1 ± 1.7)％ vs.(8.0 ±1.1 ) ％,(6.7 ± 1.1 )％ vs.(7.6 ± 1.2)％ ] (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Blood glucose,anti-diabetic therapeutic regiments,disease course,diabetic,degree-educated,self-monitoring blood glucose are the important factors influencing hemoglobin A1c.

Objective To investigate the relationship between thrombin and cerebral edema of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods 65 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were divided into conventional group and minimally invasive group according to treatment methods,two groups were detected the thrombin concentration of peripheral blood in 1st day,3rd day,5th and 7th day and brain CT were scanned to calculate edema and hematoma volume;meanwhile,patients in minimally invasive group were detected the thrombin concentration of hematoma fluid in 1st day ,3rd day ,5th and 7th day. Results The thrombin concentration in peripheral blood of two groups in 3rd day were significantly increased(5.09 ± 1.05) IU/L and(5.10 ±1.04) IU/L respectively,the thrombin concentration in hematoma fluid of minimally invasive group in 3rd day was significantly increased(7.68 ± 1.49) IU/L and there were significant differences between them with those of 1st day ,5 th and 7 th day(P＜0.05) ;the edema ratio of conventional group at 3rd day and 5th day (0. 72 ± 0. 15 and 0. 76 ± 0. 17 respectively) were significantly higher than those of 1 st day and 7 th day, the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; the edema ratio of minimally invasive group at 3rd day(0. 70 ±0.14) was significantly higher than those of 1st day,5th day and 7th day,the difference was statistically significant(P＜ 0.05) ;the edema ratio of conventional group at 5th day and 7th day were (0.76 ±0. 17) and(0. 52 ±0. 14) respectively which were significantly higher than those of minimally invasive group, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0. 05); linear correlation analysis showed: the thrombin concentration of peripheral blood was positively correlated to the edema ratio( r = 0.689, P ＜ 0.05 ) ;the thrombin concentration of hematoma fluid was also positively correlated to the edema ratio ( r = 0. 653, P＜0.05 ). Conclusion Thrombin could lead to the formation of brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage,minimally invasive treatment could help to speed up the subside of cerebral edema in late period ( ＞3d)of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective:To explore the possible relationship between recurrent aphthous ulcer( RAU) and the single nucleotide polymor-phism(SNP)of IFN-γ+874A/T site and IL-2-330T/G site. Methods:138 RAU patients and the 124 health control subjects were in-cluded. IFN-γand IL-2 serum concentration were detected by ELISA. IFN-γ+874A/T site and IL-2-330T/G site of the whole blood were detected by RFLP-PCR and SSP-PCR. Results:IFN-γand IL-2 levels in serum of the patients were significantly lower than those of the controls(P<0. 05). There was significant difference in the genotype frequencies and allele frequencies of IFN-γ+874A/T site between the 2 groups(P<0. 05). The AA genotype(OR=9. 964)and the A allele (OR=3. 801) at the IFN-γ+874A/T site was with high-risk of RAU. Carry A allele in patients with risk of RAU was to carry the T allele of 3. 801 times. There was no significant differ-ence in the genotype frequencies or allele frequencies of IL-2-330T/G site between the 2 groups(P>0. 05). Conclusion: IFN-γ+874A/T site was associated with the risk of RAU. But,IL-2-330T/G site was not.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of combined use of cefoperazone/sulbactam(CFS),meropenem(MRP)with le-vofloxacin (LVX) on mutant prevention concentration for Acinetobacter baumannii so as to provide a experimental foundation for preventing bacterial drug resistance. METHODS:In the test,there were groups of single use of CFS,MRP and LVX,and groups of combined use of CFS+LVX and MRP+LVX. Double dilution agar method was used to respectively detect minimal inhibitory con-centration (MIC) for standard Acinetobacter baumannii strains ATCC 19606 and 36 clinically isolated strains in all groups,and then the index of fraction inhibitory concentration(FIC)was calculated. Agar dilution method on plates was employed to detect mu-tant prevention concentration (MPC) for Acinetobacter baumannii in all groups,and then corresponding selection index (SI) was calculated. RESULTS:After combined use of CFS or MRP with LVX,synergistic effect accounted for 55%(20/36)and 50%(18/36). For standard strain ATCC 19606,after combined use of CFS+LVX and MRP+LVX,MPC reduced from 32.0 and 4.0 mg/L to 1.8 and 0.8 mg/L;For 36 clinically isolated strains,after combined use of CFS+LVX and MRP+LVX,MPC reduced from 8.0-32.0 and 1.0-2.0 mg/L to 0.25-1.0 and 0.25-0.5 mg/L. SI were all obviously reduced after combination. CONCLUSIONS:The combina-tion of CFS or MRP with LVX can reduce MPC for Acinetobacter baumannii more significantly than the single use,and narrow mu-tant selection window.

Objective To investigate the effects of cooking oil fume condensate on the frequencies of chromosome aberration and micronucleus of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods The human peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured in vitro for 24 h, then added cooking oil fume condensate(4, 6, 8, 10 ?l respectively) into the medium and the related indexes were tested. Results The frequencies of chromosome aberration in experimental group were significantly higher compared with the control group (P

OBJECTIVE:To explore quality control of plasma concentration monitoring for sodium valproate and to improve the quality of pharmaceutical monitoring.METHODS:The statistical and continuous analysis of sodium valproate control data from our hospital of 2008 were conducted using fluorescence polarization immunoassay(FPIA).RESULTS:Mean recovery and RSD were 98.37% and 1.94% for low control samples,99.33% and 2.88% for medium control samples,98.17% and 4.10% for high control samples.The RSD of sample was lower than 5% and in line with the requirement for biological sample determination in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.CONCLUSION:FPIA is a comparatively accurate and stable method for plasma concentration monitoring of sodium valproate.