Objective To analyze the effect of clomipramine combine sleep deprivation on depression rat behavior and hippocampal CA3 neuron apoptosis.Methods Chronic unpredictable mild stimulation was used to establish 40 depression model rats.They were randomly divided into depression group,clomipramine group (5 mg/kg orally),sleep deprivation group (36 h continuous full sleep deprivation),chlorpromazine combination of sleep deprivation group,and then selected 10 rats as control group.Open-field test and water maze test were used to test rats' behavioral change after 28 days intervention.RT-PCR,Western blot were used to detect the GDNF and Bcl-2 expression of hippocampal CA3 neurons.TUNEL assay was performed to test hippocampal CA3 neuron apoptosis ratios in each group.Results Open-field test level score,vertical score and latency of combination group were (75.6±7.3),(26.4±4.3),(1.1±0.2),and showed no significant difference with those of control group((79.4 ±6.8),(28.6±5.7),(1.0±0.4)) after 28 d intervention (P＞0.05),while the level score,vertical score were significantly higher than those in other three groups(P＜0.05),and the latency period was significantly lower than that in other three groups (P＜0.05).The combined group showed a trend of gradually shortened in water maze escape latency.GDNF,Bcl-2 expression of control group and combined group was significantly higher than those in other three groups (P＜0.05),while the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Sleep deprivation group' apoptotic rate was the highest (55±6)％,significantly higher than the control group and the combination group ((14±3) ％ and (19±4)％).Conclusion Clomipramine combined sleep deprivation can improve the ability of rat model of depression and suppression of acts of hippocampal CA3 neuron apoptosis,and its effect may be related to increased hippocampal CA3 GDNF,Bcl-2 level.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in graft reperfusion injury after cardiac transplantation in rats. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats heterotopic cardiac transplantation models were randomly divided into control group (n=6) and experimental group (n=18). In control group, the ischemic period of the grafts was 60min without reperfusion. In experimental group, the grafts were respectively reperfused for 3h, 6h and 24h after 60min ischemic period. Immunohistochemical and biochemical techniques were used to detect myocardial ICAM-1 and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Results The expression of allograft ICAM-1 after reperfusion in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group (P

Objective:To test the validity and reliability of the General Alienation Scale (GAS)in college students sample.Methods:Totally 1200 college students were surveyed,using classical test theory (CTT)and i-tem response theory (IRT)to test the psychometric properties of GAS.Under the framework of CTT,item selec-tion was performed with all data.Then,the sample was divided into two groups based on the input order to exam-ine the construct validity.Exploratory factor analysis (EFA)and parallel analysis (PA)were performed with odd group,while confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)was performed with even group.Criterion validity was examined with the short-form of the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (ULS-8),General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES),Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES).Under the framework of IRT,all data was fitted the rat-ing scale model (RSM),including the principal component analysis of residuals (PCAR),the item fit indexes (Infit and Outfit),measurement reliability (item separation index,item reliability,person separation index and person reliability)and the Wright map.Results:Under the framework of CTT,the GAS was retained 13 items except item 2 and 5.The results of both EFA and PA showed that 13 items of GAS was one-dimensional,and there was a good fit of CFA (χ2 /df=2.689,P <0.001,CFI =0.897,TLI =0.877,RMSEA =0.055,SRMR =0.046).The correlation coefficients were 0.57, -0.60 and -0.40 with the GAS,ULS-8,GSES,RSES
scores respectively (Ps <0.001 ).The Cronbach 's αcoefficient and confidence interval were 0.81 (0.80, 0.83).Under the framework of IRT,the ratio of first-paired eigenvalue was 1.6 in PCAR.The infit and outfit of retaining 13 items in CTT were from 0.6 to 1.4 excluding item 4.The item separation index,item reliability,per-son separation index and person reliability of the 12-item GAS were10.91,0.99,2.14 and 0.82 respectively.The item difficulty can matched with person ability,and they were closed to the normal distribution.Conclusion:It suggests that the General Alienation Scale (GAS)is of good validity and reliability,and it could be used as an ef-fective tool for measuring the alienation of college students.

This article was to discuss the effectiveness of medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap or muscle flap in the treatment of soft tissue defect. Since 2002, 21 patients(14 males and 7 females)with prepatellar(n=7)or pretibial(n=14)defect had underwent soft tissue reconstruction. Ten of them obtained medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap and the rest received muscle flap. All the medial sural artery perforator pedicled flaps and muscle flaps survived well and the clinical outcomes were satisfactory. No remarkable donor site morbidity was found. According to our data. medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap or muscle flap may seem to be highly vascularized and have constant vascular anatomy and long vascular pedicle. They could be useful in the treatment of prepatellar or pretibial soft tissue defect.

Objective To summarize clinical application of the medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap for the coverage of soft tissue defects around the knee and upper one third of lower leg.Methods From May 2003 tO January 2007,16 patients(11 men,5 women)with soft tissue defects around the knee and upper one third of lower leg underwent reconstruction with the medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap.Of them,4 eases recipient site were located on the prepatellar region,2 cases were located on the anterolateral pateflar,1 case was located on the anteromedial patellar,and 9 cases upper one third oflowerleg.They ranged in age from 23 to 52 years(mean,36 years).The donor leg was ipsilateral in all cages. Results One ca8e sustained superficial infection postoperative and the gradual wound healed by daily wound dressings.All the flaps had survived completely without major complication with satisfactory clinical results. Follow-up period ranged from 3.0 months to 3.5 years(mean, 1.7 years)postoperatively.There was no remarkable donor site morbidity.All cases had good appearance and function in recipient site.There was no remarkable donor site morbidity. Conclusion The medial sural artery perforator flap is nourished by the musculocutaneous perforater of the medial sural artery.The flaps seem to has highly vascularize,a constant vascular anatomy and a long vascular pedicle.The flap is thin and suitable for the coverage of soft tissue defects around the knee and upper one third of lower leg.

Objective To explore the influence of different injection techniques on the quality of bolus in 99mTc-DTPA renal dynamic imaging.Methods 395 patients accepted 99mTc-DTPA renal dynamic imaging were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into three groups according to injection techniques:direct injection group (187 cases),intravenous route injection group (84 cases)and venous indwelling needle injection group (124 cases).The three groups were injected by each technique.Areas of interest (ROI) were drawn on abdominal aorta by Xeleris workstation in blood flow perfusion imaging.The time-radioactivity curves of ROI were got.The patients whose ROI curve formed a peak was successfully injected,and did not formed was unsuccessfully injected.The number of patients in three groups who were successfully or unsuccessfully injected was respectively calculated.The data of three groups was taken Chisquare test by SPSS17.0 software.Results 174 patients of the direct injection group,46 of the intravenous route injection group and 115 of the venous indwelling needle injection group were injected successfully.The successful rate respectively was 93.0％,54.8％ and 92.7％.The successful rate of the direct injection group and venous indwelling needle injection group were higher than intravenous route injection group.The difference had statistical significance.The successful rate of the direct injection group and venous indwelling needle injection group hadn't statistical significance.Conclusions The successful rates of the direct injection group and venous indwelling needle injection group were similar.The venous indwelling needle injection technique can be chosen.The successful rate of the intravenous route injection group was lower than the other two groups.The intravenous route injection technique should be chosen prudently.

Objective To investigate the role of RhoA /Rho-kinase pathway in rat models of left heart disease-as-sociated pulmonary hypertension ( PH-LHD) .Methods Twenty male SD rats (3-4 week-old, 90-100 g) were randomly divided into two groups (10 rats in each group):the group C ( control group) with sham operation, and group H ( pulmo-nary arterial hypertension) .The rat model of left heart disease-associated pulmonary hypertension was established by supra-coronary aortic banding in the group H, and the sham surgery was applied for the rats in the group C ( The titanium clip was fixed at the mediastinal tissue adjacent to the artery rather than the ascending aorta).On day 60 after the operation, the cardiac functions, including right ventricular systolic pressure and pulmonary artery pressure were evaluated.After that, all rats were sacrificed and treated with cardiopulmonary lavage in vivo until the lung became white.Then the left lung tissues were fixed in 4%paraformaldehyde for pathological observation while the right lung tissues were frozen for mRNA detec-tion.Results Compared with the group C, both ventricular systolic pressure and pulmonary artery pressure in the group H were increased significantly (P<0.01).Pathological data demonstrated that the pulmonary artery walls in H group were much thicker than that in the group C.Moreover, vascular wall hypertrophy index in the group H was increased greatly compared with that in the group C (P<0.01).QPCR data showed that mRNA levels of Rho kinase, RhoA and ET-A R in the group H were up-regulated compared with the group C ( P<0.01) .Conclusions Rat model of left heart disease-asso-ciated pulmonary arterial hypertension can be successfully established by supracoronary aortic banding.Rho-kinase-media-ted pathway may contribute to the pathogenesis and progress of left heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension.

ObjectiveTo explore and analyze the distribution of NAT2 gene in Han population in Shenzhen andprovidethebasisfortreatmentof NAT2-relatedmetabolicdiseasesandcancer research. MethodThe study diluted the DNA sample(d0 ng/μl) as follows: 1 × 100, 1 × 101, 1 × 102, 1 ×103 , 1 × 104, to verify the sensitivity of detection of NAT2 gene polymorphism by real-time PCR. Mutation locus of 282,341,481, 590 and 857 of NAT2 in 554 normal samples were detected and genotyped by realtime PCR with Taqman probes. Forty-seven cases among 554 healthy controls were detected by DNA sequencing to verify the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of this assay. ResultsThe lowest detection limit was 10-4 ng/μl. The frequencies of each allele of NAT2 were: *4 allele 64. 6％ (358/554), *5 allele 6. 3％ (35/554), *6 allele 25. 3％ ( 140/554), *7 allele 30. 0％ ( 166/554), * 11 allele 0. 6％ (3/554) The frequencies of main genotypes of NAT2 were as the follows : NAT2 *4/* 6 12.3％ ( 68/554 ), *6/* 78. 3％ (46/554), * 13/* 13 or * 12/* 12 or *4/* 4 7.6％ (42/554), *4/* 7 8. 1％ (45/554), * 7/* 1 312. 3％ (68/554), * 12 7.2％ (40/554), *6/* 13( * 12)5.6％ (31/554). The samples with 7 genotypes account for 89. 6％ (496/554) of the total cases.Rapid acetylation and Intermediate type accounting for 40. 5％ (224/554) and 46. 7％ (259/554) respectively were the main phenotypes of NAT2 in Han people in Shenzhen. In addition, the accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of the PCR were compared to direct DNA sequencing. The accuracy of 282, 341,481, 590 and 857 were 88.2％ (30/34), 87.5％ (7/8), 80. 0％(4/5), 100. 0％ ( 22/22 ) and 93.8％ ( 15/16 ) respectively. The specificities were 100. 0％ ( 13/13 ),94. 9％ ( 37/39), 100. 0％ ( 42/42 ) , 96.0％ ( 24/25 ) and 96. 8％ ( 30/31 ) respectively. The sensitivities were 91.5％ ( 43/47 ), 93.6％ ( 44/47 ), 97.6％ ( 46/47 ) 97.9％ ( 46/47 ) and 95.7％ ( 45/47 ),respectively. ConclusionsThe sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of real-time PCR established in this study is good. It can be widely used for clinical and scientific research. The major alleles of NAT2 of Han population in Shenzhen are * 4, *6, * 7. The most common slow acetylation genotype is *6/* 7. This study can provide a basis for NAT2-related metabolic diseases and cancer research.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of the laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery combined with radiofrequency ablation to treat the early-stage breast cancer.Methods We collected 55 patients diagnosed early-stage breast cancer in retrospect,which started from January 2014 to December 2016.Twenty-seven of them were performed the laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery combined with radiofrequency ablation while others went through laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery without radiofrequency ablation.Meanwhile,we adopted the student t-test and the chi-square test to compare results of two groups.More specific,the main indexes of this study are including the post-operative local recurrence,the incidence of fat liquefaction or the incision-infection,operation time,post-operative hospital stay and the hospitalization expense.Results The laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery combined with radiofrequency ablation group had low local-recurrence than the laparoscopic breastconserving surgery group (0 and 7.69％).Additionally,there were no statistical differences between two groups in the incidence of fat liquefaction.However,The laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery combined with radiofrequency ablation group had more hospitalization expense than the laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery group [(4.1 ± 0.7) ten thousand yuan and (2.3 ± 0.6) ten thousand yuan,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Although the laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery combined with radiofrequency ablation group remarkably increased the hospitalization expense because of the utility of the radiofrequency ablation related apparatus,it may provide the probability of shaving more residual tumor cell and may low down the recurrence,especially not rising up the incidence of the post-operative fat liquefaction.Therefore,this surgery method might be one of the potential developments in the minimal-invasive of early stage breast cancer.