AIM: To study the expression of tissue factor (TF) in cerebral microvascular thrombosis and its dynamic changes in rats. METHODS: 50 female SD rats were randomized to control group, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after thrombosis groups, 10 rats in each group. The model of cerebral microvascular thrombosis was induced by photo-chemical method. ELISA and immunohistochemistry methods were used to observe the changes of TF contents in blood plasma and the expression of TF in cerebral microvascular in each group. RESULTS: Cerebral thrombosis was induced by photo-chemical method successfully. The TF content in plasma was obviously higher in 4 h and 6 h groups than that in control group (P

Objective To investigate antimicrobial resistance among gram-positive cocci in China in 2009. Methods From June to December 2009, 1169 consecutive and non-repetitive gram-positive cocci were collected from 12 teaching hospitals at 9 cities. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibacterial agents was determined by agar dilution method. Results The prevalences of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCoNS) were 45.3% (211/466) and 89. 5% (214/239), respectively. The isolation rate of MRSA was 33. 3%-68. 1% from different samples. All Staphylococci isolates were susceptible to vacomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. Five point five percent (7/128) E. faecium strains were resistant to vacomycin. All E.faecalis strains were susceptible to vacomycin. About 99. 1% (108/109) of E. faecalis and E. faecium were susceptible to linezoild. The prevalence of penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae (PISP) was 21.6% (48/222). Only 1 (0. 5%, 1/222) Streptococcus pneumoniae strain was resistant to penicillin.Teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid and tigecycline were the most active agents against Streptococcus pneumoniae (susceptible rate 100% ). Conclusions The high prevalence of methicillin-resistance is among Staphylococcus strains. Different samples show a different MRSA prevalence. Teicoplanin, vancomycin and linezolid show very high activity to Staphylococci,E. faecalis, E. faecium and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

We investigated the pathogen of an outbreak of lung infection with unknown causes.By epidemiological analysis,we used real-time PCR,ELISA,gold dipstick,VITEK2 and MALDI-TOF-MS to identify suspicious bacteria.We made use of serum plate agglutination test to confirm the suspicious bacteria and the patient serum.We isolated 2 strains of Cryptococcus albidus from environmental samples.There has been specific agglutination between suspicious bacteria and patient serum.This pneumonia may be related to the infection of Ccryptococcus albidus.

Objective To investigate antimicrobial resistance among gram-positive cocci in China in 2008.Methods From June 2008 to December 2008,1171 consecutive and non-repetitive gram-positive cocci were collected from 12 teaching hospitals.The MICs of antibacterial agents was determined by agar dilution method.Results The prevalence of MRSA and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci(MRSCoN) was 49.9%(232/465) and 74.0%(179/242),respectively.The MRSA prevalence ranged from 33.3% to 65% in different regions.About 71.1%(108/152) of Staphylococcus aureus from respiratory tract specimens,48.3%(28/58) of Staphylococcus aureus from blood samples,and 36%(68/189) of Staphylococcus aureus from the pus,wound and sterile body fluid samples were resistant to methicillin.The susceptible rates of MRSA to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(SXT) and chloramphenicol were 81.5%(183/232) and 89.7%(208/232).Susceptibility to gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracyclines,rifampicin,and quinolones were from 3.9% to 35.0%.All Staphylococci isolates were susceptible to vancomycin,teicoplanin,and linezolid.Three vacomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains were found in this study.About 96.2%(101/105) of Enterococcus faecalis and 97%(130/134) of Enterococcus faecium were susceptible to linezoild.Fifty-one out of 105 of Enterococcus faecalis(48.6%)and 101 out of 134 Enterococcus faecium(75.4%)were resistant to high concentration gentaroicin.The susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis to all the antibiotics except for chloramphenicol and tetracycline was higher than that of Enterococcus faecium.Enterococcus faecium isolates showed a high resistant prevalence to most of antibiotics except glycopeptides and linezolid.The prevalence of PISP among 225 isolates was was 36.6%(15/41),and the prevalence of PNSSP from the other patients ranged from 15.4% to 26.6%.The susceptible rates of PSSP to cefprozil,cefuroxime and cefaclor were 67.5%(114/169),66.3%(112/169) and 61.5%(104/169),respectively.All the PISP isolates were resistant to the above three antibiotics.Teicoplanin,vancomycin and linezolid were the most active agents against Staphylococcus pneumoniae(susceptible rate,100%).About 96.9%,97.8% and 98.2% Staphylococcus pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to gatifloxacin,levofloxacin,and moxifloxacin,respectively.The susceptible rates of Staphylococcus pneumoniae to ceftriaxone,chloramphenicol and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were 81.3%,77.3%,and 68.0%,respectively.The susceptibility of Staphylococci pneumoniae to macrolides,SXT and tetracycline ranged from 11.6% to 23.6%.Conclusions The prevalence of VRE is low in China.However,methicillin-resistance among Staphylococci isolates was high.The prevalence of PNNSP isolated from (≤)3 years children is higher than in the other age population.Teicoplanin,vancomycin,and linezolid remain high activity against Staphylococci,Enterococcus faecalis,Enterococcus faecium,and Staphylococcus pneumoniae.

Objective To analyze in elderly type 2 diabetes (diabetes mellitus type 2, T2DM) combined high homocysteine levels (Hyperhomocysteinemia, HHcy) clinical characteristics and dietary factors, provide theoretical basis for T2DM combined HHcy patient's diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 186 elderly T2DM patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to June 2022 were selected and divided into control group (without HHcy) and observation group (with HHcy) according to whether the patients were complicated with HHcy. The age, gender, body mass index (BMI), mean course of disease, SBP, fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, whether complicated with carotid plaque were compared between the two groups. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the dietary factors affecting HHcy in T2DM patients. Results Among the 186 T2DM patients, 47 (25.27%) had HHcy. The serum Hcy level in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The age, mean disease duration, levels of FPG, HbA1c, LDL-C and the proportion of carotid plaque in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, BMI, TG, SBP and visceral fat area between the two groups(P>0.05). In terms of dietary factors , there were significant differences between the two groups in daily vegetable intake, daily meat intake, daily quantity of soy products (P<0.05). Daily vegetable intake <400g (OR=2.873) and weekly meat intake <560 or >1050g (OR=3.652) were dietary independent risk factors for HHcy in T2DM patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The elderly T2DM patients are at high risk of HHcy, especially those with daily vegetable intake <400g and weekly meat intake <560 or >1050 g. Dietary adjustment should be actively adopted to reduce the risk of HHcy in T2DM patients.