Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of urethroplasty via transpubie ap-proach in treatment of complex posterior urethral strictures after pelyic fracture. Methods Urethroplas-ty via transpubic approach was done on 26 patients (21 males and 5 females, at mean age of 26 years) with complex posterior urethral strictures. Posterior urethral stricture was 2.5-4.0 cm long in 23 patiens and > 4.0 em in three. There were five patients with urethratresia. The perioporative complications and operative effect were evaluated after the broken ends of the urethra was thoroughly resected and treated with end-to-end anastomosis. Results A follow-up for 1-7 years ( mean 4 years) showed successful op-eration in 22 patients (85%), with normal urination and without complications like osteitis pubis, pelvic disassociation, pelvic instability or urinary incontinence. But obstructed urination was found in one (4%) and failed operation in three (11%). Conclusions Urethroplasty via transpubic approach takes advantages of precise and thorough scar excision, less complications and long term curative effect and is clinically feasible and safe for patients with complex posterior urethral stricture.

Objective To investigate the quality of life for clinical patients with malignant tumors and the influencing factors so as to provide health departments with basis for improvement. Methods(Using) methods of interviews and questionnaires,investigations were made on the quality of life for 639 patients with malignant tumors diagnosed between January 2001 and July 2002 in the various cities and regions of Sichuan and the influencing factors by means of filling out quality of life assessment scales.(Results) The quality of life for patients with malignant tumors was in general pretty low,scoring 54.40?10.95.Careers in management were positively related to psychological status(P

AIM: To investigate effects of OX-LDL and VitE on the levels of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-? in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC). METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were obtained by in vitro culture. HUVEC treated with or without Vit E was incubated with OX-LDL, and the levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-? were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assy technique. RESULTS:50 ?g/L,100 ?g/L, 200 ?g/L OX-LDL induced the release of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-? by HUVEC in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the control group , the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly increased at 6-12 h of stimulation with OX-LDL . Maximal levels of IL-6 and IL-8 occurred after 24-36 h, reaching a plateau maintained for at least 48 h. TNF-? rose after 2-6 h in HUVEC, and reached a maximum after 12 h. In contrast to IL-6 and IL-8, TNF-? declined after 48 h. However, when VitE (50 mg/L,100 mg/L,200 mg/L)was added, it can significant inhibited the release of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-? in a dose-dependent manner, and after 48 h these cytokines have no diference between OX-LDL+VitE groups and OX-LDL groups. CONCLUSION: OX-LDL can obviously stimulate the production of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-? in vascular endothelial cells, which can significantly be inhibited by VitE in a short time.

Objective To observe the effect oftert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) on the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2),heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in high glucose cultured retinal Müller cells;and to investigate the anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptotic effects oftBHQ.Methods Retinal Müller cells were divided into normal glucose group (5.5 mmol/L,N group),high glucose group (45 mmol/L,HG group) and tBHQ intervention group (HG+tBHQ group).After retinal Müller cells were cultured with high glucose for 48 hours,the pretreatment with tBHQ (20 μmol/L) induced the expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and HO-1.The Müller cells were identified by immunofluorescence staining.The expressions of Nrf2,HO-1,PI3K,B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bax were detected by Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of retinal Müller cells in rats.Results Müller cytoplasm and nucleus GS showed strong positive,large cell body,abundant cytoplasm,uniform green fluorescence;nuclear DAPI staining round or oval,clear boundary.The expression of Nrf2 protein (t=4.114,P=0.006),HO-1 protein (t=9.275,P=0.000),Nrf2 mRNA (t=7.292,P=0.000) and HO-1 mRNA (t=15.014,P=0.000) in the HG group were higher than those in the N group.The expressions of Nrf2 protein (t=7.847,P=0.000),HO-1 protein (t=7.947,P=0.000),PI3K protein (t=5.397,P=0.002),Bcl-2 protein (t=6.825,P=0.000),Nrf2 mRNA (t=18.046,P=0.000),HO-1 mRNA (t=39.458,P=0.000),PI3K mRNA (t=4.979,P=0.003) and Bcl-2 mRNA (t=9.535,P=0.000) in the HG+tBHQ group were significantly higher than those in the HG group.The protein and mRNA expressions of Bax protein in the HG+tBHQ group were significantly lower than those in the HG group (t=14.998,16.520;P=0.000,0.000).Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of Müiller cells in the HG group was significantly higher than that in the N group (t=39.905,P=0.000).The apoptosis rate of Müller cells in the HG+tBHQ group was significantly lower than that in the HG group (t=21.083,P=0.000).Conclusion tBHQ can inhibit the apoptosis of retinal Müller cells by up-regulating the expression ofNrf2,HO-1 and PI3K.

Objective: To investigate whether CD137-CD137L signaling could affect the secretion of mouse vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) -derived exosomes through autophagy mediated Rab7 pathway. Methods: Primary thoracic aorta VSMCs from C57BL/6J mouse were obtained by tissue block adherence method. VSMCs between the third to fifth passages were used and VSMCs were divided into 4 groups: control group, CD137 agonist group, lentivirus control group, Rab7 lentiviral interference group. VSMCs in CD137 agonist group were treated with recombinant protein of CD137L (10 μg/ml), VSMCs in lentivirus control group were treated with lentiviral followed by recombinant protein of CD137L (10 μg/ml), VSMCs in Rab7 lentiviral interference group were treated with Rab7 lentiviral intervention followed by recombinant protein of CD137L (10 μg/ml). Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of LC3Ⅱ, p62, Rab7, CD9, CD81 and Hsc70. Fluorescence microscopy was used to track the changes of autophagy in cells infected with mRFP-GFP-LC3. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the morphology and size of VSMCs-derived exosomes. The nanoparticle tracking analysis(NTA) was used to detect the concentration and size of exosomes in each group. Results: (1) The expressions of Rab7, LC3Ⅱ and p62 protein in VSMCs of CD137 activation group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). The expressions of Rab7, LC3Ⅱ and p62 protein in Rab7 lentivirus interference group was lower than in CD137 activation group (all P<0.05), while the expressions were similar between the lentivirus control group and the CD137 activation group (all P>0.05). (2) The total number of fluorescent spots and yellow fluorescent spots in the VSMCs of the CD137 activation group were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05), and the number of yellow fluorescent spots was higher than that of the red fluorescent spots in the VSMCs of the CD137 activation group ((50.3±0.9) vs. (10.3±1.5)/cell). The total numbers of fluorescent spots and yellow fluorescent spots in VSMCs of Rab7 lentivirus interference group were lower than those of CD137 activation group (both P<0.05), and the number of red fluorescent spots in VSMCs was higher than that of yellow fluorescent spots ((40.7±4.0) and (10.7±1.2)/cell) in the Rab7 lentiviral interference group. The total numbers of fluorescent spots and yellow fluorescent spots in the VSMCs were similar between the lentivirus control group and the CD137 activation group (all P>0.05). (3) Under transmission electron microscopy, the size of the VSMCs-derived exosomes was about 30-150 nm. The exosome markers (CD9, CD81) could be detected in vesicles by Western blot. NTA results showed that the concentration of VSMCs-derived exosomes was significantly higher in the CD137-activated group than in the control group (P<0.05), which was significantly lower in the Rab7 lentiviral interference group than in the CD137-activation group (P<0.05) and was similar between the lentivirus control group and the CD137 activation group (P>0.05). The expression of Hsc70 protein in exosomes secreted by CD137 activation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The expression of Hsc70 protein in exosomes was lower in Rab7 lentivirus interference group than in the CD137 activation group (P<0.05), which was similar between the lentivirus control group and the CD137 activation group (P>0.05). The expression of LC3Ⅱ protein in exosome was higher in CD137 activation group than in control group (P<0.05), which was lower in Rab7 lentivirus interference group than in CD137 activation group (P<0.05), which was similar between the lentivirus control group and the CD137 activation group (P>0.05). Conclusion The CD137-CD137L signaling may affect the secretion of mouse VSMCs-derived exosomes through modulating the Rab7 pathway mediated autophagy.

Our study explored the dynamic changes in and the relationship between the DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and the DNA repair marker 8-hydroxyguanine DNA glycosidase 1 (hOGG1) according to the length of occupational employment in nickel smelting workers. One hundred forty nickel-exposed smelting workers and 140 age-matched unexposed office workers were selected from the Jinchang cohort. The 8-OHdG levels in smelting workers was significantly higher than in office workers (Z=-8.688, P<0.05) and the 8-OHdG levels among nickel smelting workers in the 10-14 y employment length category was significantly higher than among all peers. The hOGG1 levels among smelting workers were significantly lower than those of non-exposed workers (Z=-8.948, P<0.05). There were significant differences between employment length and hOGG1 levels, with subjects employed in nickel smelting for 10-14 y showing the highest levels of hOGG1. Correlation analysis showed positive correlations between 8-OHdG and hOGG1 levels (r=0.413; P<0.01). DNA damage was increased with employment length among nickel smelting workers and was related to the inhibition of hOGG1 repair capacity.
Biomarkers ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; DNA Glycosylases ; blood ; DNA Repair ; Deoxyadenosines ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Metallurgy ; Nickel ; toxicity ; urine ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Time Factors

Objectives To screen the high-risk population of stroke in China using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI)and to establish a stroke risk prediction model in Chinese population in order to prevent and treat stroke early. Methods Forty-one base hospitals and 715 286 people in the project areas of the first 6 provinces of China conducted routine physical examinations and investigated the related risk factors for cardiocerebrovascular diseases from July 2011 to April 2012 using a cross-sectional study,among them 61 860 patients underwent carotid CDFI screening,and 49 386 of them were high-risk population (exposed to≥3 risk factors). The bilateral common carotid interma-media thickness (IMT),the number of plaques and the degree of carotid stenosis were screened and documented. And whether carotid IMT thickening or not,with or without carotid plaques,and degree of carotid artery stenotic rate 0-49% and≥50% were performed by multivariate logistic regression analysis with the risk factors for stroke,respectively. Results (1)Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension,atrial fibrillation,smoking,and lack of physical exercise were the independent risk factors for carotid IMT thickening (hypertension:OR,1. 17;95%CI 1. 12-1. 22;atrial fibrillation:OR,1. 15;95%CI 1. 09-1. 21;smoking:OR,1. 13;95%CI 1. 08-1. 17;and lack of physical exercise:OR,1. 12;95%CI 1.08-1. 16). (2)Hypertension,atrial fibrillation, smoking,and diabetes were the independent risk factors for carotid plaque and carotid artery stenosis rate≥50%(carotid plaque,hypertension:OR,1. 55;95%CI 1. 47-1. 62;atrial fibrillation:OR,1. 13;95%CI 1.06-1. 21;smoking:OR,1. 16;95%CI 1. 11-1. 22;and diabetes:OR,1. 30;95%CI 1. 24-1. 37). Carotid stenosis rate≥50%,hypertension:OR,1. 78;95%CI 1.55-2. 03;atrial fibrillation:OR,1. 59;95%CI 1. 39-1. 81;smoking:OR,1. 33;95%CI 1. 20-1. 48;and diabetes:OR,1. 30;95%CI 1. 17-1. 45. Simple obesity did not increase the incidences of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and carotid artery stenosis ≥50%(OR,0. 78, 0.83;95%CI 0. 75-0. 82 ,0. 75-0. 92,respectively). Conclusions Neck vascular ultrasound can be used as a valuable means for screening high-risk population and detecting risk factors of stroke. It has an important clinical significance for the early diagnosis and treatment of carotid atherosclerosis disease.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the disease burden of colorectal cancer in Jinchang cohort, and provide evidence for preventing colorectal cancer and reducing the disease burden of colorectal cancer in the cohort.

METHODSThe colorectal cancer mortality data from 2001 to 2013 and the medical records of colorectal cancer patients from 2001 to 2010 were collected for this retrospective cohort study. The colorectal cancer disease burden was described by using mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, medical expenditure, potential years of life lost (PYLL), average potential years of life lost (APYLL), working potential years of life lost (WPYLL), and average working potential years of life lost (AWPYLL). The development trend in disease burden of colorectal cancer was analyzed by using Spearman correlation and the average growth rate.

RESULTSThe crude mortality rate of colorectal cancer from 2001 to 2013 was 9.53/100,000 with the average annual growth rate of 12.89%. The PYLL, APYLL, WPYLL and AWPYLL of colorectal cancer were 485.00 person-years, 9.15 years, 253.00 person-years, and 4.77 years, respectively. The direct medical expenditure due to colorectal cancer was 7064.38 Yuan per case and 408.43 Yuan per day. There was no increasing trend in the direct medical expenditure due to colorectal cancer.

CONCLUSIONColorectal cancer mortolity rate was on the rise and it caused heavy disease burden in Jinchang cohort.

China ; epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; economics ; mortality ; Cost of Illness ; Health Expenditures ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Male ; Metallurgy ; Nickel ; toxicity ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicosis ; epidemiology ; mortality

There are more than 50 000 workers in Jinchuan Group Co, Ltd (JNMC). Since all staff in JNMC are eligible for a medical examination every two years, only 23 484 nickel-exposed subjects who participated in medical examination were included in this study. Their data, collected from June 22, 2011 to September 28, 2012, in a comprehensive epidemiological survey and during medical examinations, permitted an extensive evaluation of the relation between metal exposure, gene, epigenetics and risk of human diseases. Their lifestyle investigation showed that the overall prevalence of current smokers, alcohol drinkers, and tea drinkers was 39.1%, 19.7%, and 55.2%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, allergic rhinitis and cholecystitis , the top 3 prevalent diseases, was 11.7%, 11.0%, and 8.9%, respectively.
Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; epidemiology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholecystitis ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Life Style ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; mortality ; Nickel ; toxicity ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; epidemiology ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; Young Adult