OBJECTIVE To prevent nosocomial infection from catheterization room and to reduce the rate of postoperative infection, and improve quality of catheterization room medical care. METHODS Air, object surfaces, the hands of medical staff, and using disinfectant in catheterization room were put to the test every month. RESULTS Totally 253 specimens were put surveillance over three years, total qualified rate was 99.6%, that of air was 98.6% and of object surfaces was 100%, for the hands of medical staff was 100%, and for using disinfectant was 100%. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing prevention nosocomial infection can effectively reduce the infection rate. Surveying the catheterization room termly is an important measure to prevent and control the nosocomial infection.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the germicidal efficacy of phthalaldehyde disinfectant.METHODS Suspension quantitative bactericidal test was used to observe its bactericidal efficacy and stability.RESULTS The temperature was 20-21℃.The results showed that the average killing rates of Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans exposed to the solution containing 5 664mg/L phthalaldehyde for 1 min were 99.99%,and the(average) killing rates of spores of Bacillus subtilis var.niger exposed to the solution containing 5 664mg/L(phthalaldehyde) for 60 min and 90 min was 99.94% and 100%,respectively.When its stock solution was stored at 56℃ under airtight condition for 2 weeks,the content of phthalaldehyde decreased by 3.27%.CONCLUSIONS The phthalaldehyde disinfectant is a good and stable bactericide.

Objective To ensure medical safety,standardize the management of medical consumables and guarantee clinical work and scientific research.Methods Various regulations are perfected and specific measures are taken.Results The quality of medical consumables is guaranteed and the hospital infection is avoided.Conclusion The standardization of management can facilitate the safety of medical consumables effectively.

The paper analyzed the structural characteristics, biological characteristics, infection symptoms, detection methods and corresponding protective measures of Zika virus, as well as analyzed coping strategies for high-risk groups (pregnant women and infants).Zika virus is nonsegmented, single-stranded,and positive-sense RNA genome with fast spreading.Fever and arthralgia are its common symptoms.Currently, it can be tested in serum, urine and saliva samples.The virus protection can be classified into overall control from government, total prevention from society and individual protection according to the guidelines.It is severe to prevent and control epidemic situation of Zika virus, and it needs to improve the whole nation's prevention and treatment ability, and it can improve other social problems through Zika virus prevention.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of ultrasound-localized percutaneous thrombin injection (ULTI) for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm. Methods From January 2000 through October 2001, 5 patients (3 males, 2 females, age range 38～72 years) were found to have a pseudoaneurysm confirmed by ultrasound between 1 and 3 days following femoral arterial puncture. Two patients were associated with diagnostic arteriography and 3 with stent implantation. ULTI was our first choice for the treatment of ablating femoral pseudoaneurysm. All patients following ULTI were restudied within 24 hours. Results All 5 patients were initially treated with ULTI. Thrombin was injected directly into the pseudoaneurysm with a dose of 500 units over several seconds, successful ablation was visualized immediately in 4 patients, the remaining 1 patient needed ultrasound-guided compression treatment of five minutes. Follow-up at the 24th hour showed no recurrent pseudoaneurysm after initial successful ablation in any case. No distal embolization or allergic reaction occurred. Conclusion ULTI is a safe, rapid, well-tolerated, inexpensive and effective noninvasive method for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm and should be considered as first-line therapy.

Objective To study the cytotoxicity of the membrane material of heart assist pump. Methods The membrane materials tested incladed polyurethane (group A) and medical polychloroethylene (group B),and a blank control group with none of the material. L-929 cells (the mouse fibroblasts) were cultured on either material in groups A and B,and 6 cell cultures were without any material. After 24,48 and 72 hours,the growth of cell in groups A,B and the control was observed,and the number was counted. Educts of two materials used in groups A and B was respectively added to culture medium,then the OD was measured every 24h and proliferation rate was determined by MTT test. Results L-929 cells grew very well in groups A and B with less death. The cell counts showed no difference between 2 groups at each time. The OD of group A was always higher than that of group B after 24,48 and 72h ( P

Objective To investigate the feasibility,operation design and postoperative rehabilitation in ankylosing spondylitis patients with bilateral hips and knees bony ankylosis,who were operated on the 4 joints during one hospitalization period. Method Two operations were performed in one hospitalization period in three ankylosing spondylitis patients on the 2 hip joints and 2 knee joints respectively.One case,the left hip replacement was operated in the first operation,and the right hip and the double knees were operated in the second operation;the other two cases,unilateral hip and knee were operated in two operations respectively.Patients began to contract their lower limbs’ muscles initiatively after narcosis.The limbs were put on the CPM,the hips and knees were bent and extended repeatedly on the third day after operations.The patients began to leave bed and learned to walk 2 weeks after operations.They could walk 100 steps with aids when they leaft hospital. Result In six-month follow-up,the range of hip motion(degree)were 105?~145?(average 135?);the range of knee motion(degree)was 45?~60?(average 54?).The hip’ function score adopted Harris score system:the average of 83 and were all good;the knee’ function score adopted American Association of Knee Surgery score system in 1989:all were excellent except a good one(left knee of first case,the score was 74/75). Conclusion Performing operations on the 2 bony ankylosis hips and 2 bony ankylosis knees in the ankylosing spondylitis patients in one hospitalization period can shorten the treatment cycle,release the distress,and lighten the economic load,meanwhile it is convenient for operation and postoperative rehabilitation.It is better to do the unilateral hip and knee in a single operation.

AIM:To investigate the influencing factors of abnormal telangiectasia secondary to diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS: Prospective studies. A total of 153 cases(240 eyes)with DR treated in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected to analyze the risk factors of abnormal telangiectasia secondary to DR and its predictive efficacy.RESULTS: The patients were divided into dilated group(77 eyes of 40 cases)and non-dilated group(163 eyes of 113 cases)according to whether they had secondary abnormal telangiectasia. There were significant differences in diabetic macular edema, hard exudates grade and fasting blood glucose level between the two groups(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetic macular edema, high hard exudates grade and high blood glucose level were the risk factors for abnormal telangiectasia secondary to DR(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The occurrence of telangiectasia secondary to DR may be related to diabetic macular edema, grade 3 hard exudates and high blood glucose level.

BACKGROUND: Atlantoaxial posterior approach is currently the main surgical treatment for atlantoaxial instability and/or dislocation, but the shape of rod in normal screw-rod device system is cylindrical. To obtain satisfactory reduction of atlantoaxis, the rod will be pre-bent obviously before fixation; however, the cylindrical rod will be rotated when tighten the nuts. Extra devices will be required to adjust and maintain the direction of the rod, thereafter, the surgical field will be blocked by the device, and spinal injury will occur once the devices are not held tightly. While the novel automatic anti-rotation rod has the function of anti-rotation during nut-tightening process, and also holds all the advantages of normal rod. Further research should be performed for the differences in biomechanical characteristics between two methods.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanical properties of the novel automatic anti-rotation rod for internal fixation system of atlantoaxial posterior approach based on three-dimensional finite-analysis model of upper cervical spine.METHODS: The three-dimensional finite element model of upper cervical spine with internal rod fixation system was developed. The biomechanical characteristics of the internal fixation system were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The traditional and novel three-dimensional finite element model with realistic and geometric similarity contained 198330 elements, 964747 nodes and 246788 elements, 996069 nodes,correspondingly. There was no obvious stress concentration in both two systems, stress was concentrated mainly in the screw-bone and screw-rod interfaces. The stress values of the novel system were higher than those of the traditional system, but the maximum Von Misses Stress of two systems was lower than the yield (795-827 MPa ) and ultimate (860-896 MPa) strength of titanium alloys. These results show that the design of the novel automatic anti-rotation rod-screw fixation system has matched the biomechanical requirements for new internal fixation instruments, and is one safe, effective and practical device for atlantoaxial posterior procedure showing promising application prospect.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting the prior usage of essential medicines and scientifically selecting of antitumor medicines in the national and local drug reimbursement list. METHODS:Entering the Human Resources and Social Se-curity Bureau websites in 10 cities(Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Nanjing,Wuhan,Xi’an,Chengdu,Shenyang,Jinan and Gui-yang),drug reimbursement list was downloaded to statistically analyze the containing of antitumor medicines(including 24 essential medicines). RESULTS:In antitumor medicines,there were 5 cities with more than 100 varieties,of which Shanghai had 255 vari-eties,which was far more than other cities;the numbers of medicines in class A were near 30 in all the cities except Beijing(67 va-rieties),and the number of class B was highest in Shanghai and lowest in Beijing. All the drug reimbursement lists in 10 cities con-tained 24 antitumor essential medicines,however,the classification was different according to the dosage forms,among which, parts of formulations of cytarabine(injections),doxorubicin(injections),busulfan (often release oral dosage forms),fluorouracil (often release oral dosage forms,injections),cyclophosphamide(often release oral dosage forms,injections),methotrexate(often release oral dosage forms,injections)and cisplatin were classified as class A medicines in all cities;oxaliplatin(injections)and pa-clitaxel (injections) were classified as class B medicines;busulfan,fluorouracil,cyclophosphamide and methotrexate were classi-fied as class B in Shanghai only. CONCLUSIONS:There are some differences in the distribution of antitumor essential medicines in drug reimbursement list in each city,the varieties in developed cities are relatively more,and developing cities are less. It is sug-gested to consider the tumor epidemiology characteristics and economic situations,reasonably select antitumor essential medicines into drug reimbursement list and reasonably adjust the proportion of class A and B to ensure the basic medication and drugs’reim-bursement.