Objective:To study the role of IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-13 and IFN? in pathogenesis of human tumor.Methods:The gene expression of 6 cytokines in human tumor cell lines and specimens were detected by RT-PCR or RNA dot hybridization.Results: There were predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in 183 different human tumor cell lines and specimens.The positive rate of IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-13 .IFN? and IL-2 in 183 tumor cell lines and specimens were 65%,70.5%,83.6%,61.7%, 12.6% and 22.9%,respectively.Conclusion: Predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of tumor, may be related to the evasion of tumor cells from immune surveillance.

The TGF-βsignaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. This pathway exerts either tumor-suppressing or tumor-promoting effects, which are cell-or context-dependent, making it simultaneously advanta-geous and disadvantageous in the process of carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) do not encode proteins, but they are involved in the regulation of various signaling pathways and biological functions. Moreover, lncRNAs can induce tumor angiogenesis, as well as affect tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis by acting as oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes. Recent studies revealed that some lncRNAs may be induced and regulated by TGF-βto form a complicated crosslinked regulatory net-work. This review focuses on the crosstalk between the TGF-βsignaling pathway and TGF-β-induced lncRNAs.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a group of highly heterogeneous and aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with poor prognosis under current treatment algorithm.Reports on treatment of PTCL in the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting cover comprehensive aspects,among which exploration of effective low-toxicity treatment strategies for patients with PTCL is coming into the focus of this meeting.THP-COP regimen,romidepsin,bortezomib alone or in combination with panobinostat,brentuximab vedotin and stem cell transplantation provide more attractive options for both untreated and refractory/relapsed patients with PTCL,while novel drugs including Duvelisib (IPI-145),crizotinib and antiPD-1 antibody offer new hope for patients with PTCL.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of the swimming training on the microcirculations in cochlea in guinea pigs after chronic hypoxia.Methods28 guinea pigs were divided into normal control group (group A) which were outside of cabin and chronic hypoxia model group (group B) randomly. 4 weeks after, the model group were divided into the model control group (group B1), medical treatment group (group B2) and swimming training with medical treatment group (group B3). The blood flow of the cochlea (CBF) were measured using laser Doppler flow. The spiral ligament spreaded-slice optical lens was used to observe the vascular veins, capillary appearance and red blood cells (RBC) counts.Resultsthe CBF of group A was(98.075±5.08)% ,while that of group B1 was(86.80±2.12)%(P<0.01 vs group A), that of group B2 was (89.14±4.12)%(P<0.05 vs group B1), that of group B3 was (91.18±5.02)%(P>0.05 vs group B2, but P<0.01 vs group B1).ConclusionSwimming training can facilitate the improvement of the swelling on the thin blood vessel and the microcirculation in cochlea under chronic hypoxia environment with ligustrazine in guinea pigs.

Objective To establish a stable HCV full-length genome replication cell model which is labeled with reporter gene and easyly to quantify intracellular HCV proteins and RNA level. Methodsneo gene was inserted into Luc-JC1 to make Luc-JC construct. Luc-JC RNA was obtained by in vitro transcription and then delivered into Huh7 cells by transfection. G418-resistant clones of Huh7 cells were obtained by selection. Clones of HCV full-length genome replication cell were confirmed by luciferase activity assay, Western blot and cleaveage of eYFP-MAVS by HCV NS3/4A protease. Then, HCV replication cell colonies were treated by different dose IFN-α in order to observe the change of luciferase activity, HCV protein and RNA level. Results At 3-4 weeks post-transfection, visible colonies were selected and stained by crystal violet. Luciferase activity and HCV NS3, NS5A protein were detected by luciferase activity assay and Western blot, respectively. Subcellular localization of eYFP-MAVS transferred from mitochondria to cytoplasms by cleavage of NS3/4A protease in cell colonies. Luciferase activity, HCV protein and RNA diminished obviously after IFN-α treatment. Conclusion A stable HCV full-length genome replication cell model labeled by reporter gene was successfully established and reporter activity can be used to indicate level of HCV proteins and RNA in cells. This cell model is a useful tool for the study on HCV pathogenesis and the screening of antiviral drugs.

ObjectiveToevaluatethefeasibilityandresultsof transorallaparoscopic thyroidectomy. MethodThyroidectomy was attempted in 5 cases,including 4 females and 1 male with the average age of 42 years( range 35 -60 years).All patients was diagnosed as single nodule of the thyroid gland confirmed by B-mode ultrasound examination before the operation.The average diameter of nodule was 2.5 cm (range 2 - 3.4 cm). ResultTransoral laparoscopic thyroidectomy was perfoormed successfully in all 5 patients.The operation time was 120 - 210 min,averaging 170 min,blood loss during the operation was 15-60 ml,the postoperative hospitalization was 4 days. There was no conversion to open surgery,no recurrent laryngeal nerve injury,nor parathyroid glands dysfunction. ConclusionsTransoral laparoscopic thyroidectomy is feasible and safe,giving excellent cosmetic results.

Objective To compare two verification tools for intensity modulated radiotherapy (IM-RT) and to investigate the feasibility of a new three dimensitional verification tool. Methods Five patients receiving IMRT were randomly chosen for the quality assurance plans with MapCHECK Model 1175 (SunNu-clear, Melbourne, FL,USA) and Delta4(ScandiDos, Sweden) by using Philips Pinnacle 8.0D treatment planning system. Dose verification was measured with the Varian Clinical 23EX LA. Results The overall average percentages of pass points in DD2% DTA2 mm, DD3% DTA3 mm and DD4% DTA4 mm were 84.7%, 97. 1% and 99.3% with MapCHECK Model 1175, 86.2%, 98.2% and 99.6% with Delta4 re-spectively. The differences were statisticically significant (t = 3.94, P = 0.003 ; t = 3.17, P = 0.011 ; t = 3.05 ,P =0.014,respectively). The gantry angle was changed to zero degree with MapCHECK, but not with Delta. The effects were embodied with Delta, such as the gravity on leaf position accuracy of MLC, the treat-ment table on dose distribution and the earth magnetism on dose system. Conclusion Delta4 is an ideal verification tool for intensity modulated radiotherapy.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of thermal electroacupuncture therapy in treating lumbodorsal myofascitis. Method Sixty-two patients with lumbodorsal myofascitis were randomized into a treatment group of 30 cases and a control group of 32 cases. The treatment group was intervened by thermal electroacupuncture therapy, while the control group was by orally taking Meloxicam tablets. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was observed before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacies were compared.Result The total effective rate was 100.0% in the treatment group versus 78.1% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The VAS scores were significantly changed after treatment in both groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score in the treatment group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Thermal electroacupuncture therapy is an effective approach in treating lumbodorsal myofascitis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely/very low birth weight infant (ELBWI/VLBWI). MethodsThirty-five ELBWI/VLBWI (gestational age <34 weeks at birth and birth weight <1 500 g), who were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Peking University Third Hospital from October 2014 to March 2015 with respiratory distress soon after birth, were enrolled into the study, and divided into BPD group (n=11) and non-BPD group 1 (n=24) according to the diagnosis at discharge. One day before they left the hospital, FeNO level was determined with Exhalyzer D, an equipment for pulmonary function test. Difference of FeNO and nitric oxide (NO) production between the two groups was compared witht-test or Fisher exact test, and the value of FeNO in predicting BPD was tested by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsThe mean gestational age at birth in BPD group was significantly less than that in non-BPD group [(29.7±1.9) vs (32.0±1.5) weeks,t=4.005,P=0.000], and the duration of invasive ventilation [(53.0±91.3) vs (15.0±30.2) h, t=1.598,P=0.002] and oxygenation was longer [(42.1±7.8) vs (8.2±6.4) d,t=13.567,P=0.000]. There were more babies required surfactant treatment, prenatal cortisone administration, and inhalation of cortisone and bronchodilator during hospital stay in BPD group than in non-BPD group[10/11 vs 38%(9/24), 11/11 vs 58%(14/24) and 11/11 vs 21%(5/24), Fisher exact test, allP<0.05]. The age and body weight of the babies at the time of FeNO determination in BPD group were older or higher than those in non-BPD group [(46.4±16.3) vs (20.9±11.7) d,t=5.278,P=0.000; (2 090±164) vs (1 892±153) g,t=3.498,P=0.001], but the corrected gestational age was similar [(36.3±3.1) vs (35.0±2.3) weeks,t=1.407,P=0.169]. Both the mean FeNO level and NO production in BPD group were significantly higher than those in non-BPD group [(13.6±6.9) vs (8.0±3.6) ppb (1 ppb=1×10-9 mol/L), (25.6±10.1) vs (18.1±9.0) nl/min,t=2.967 and 2.478,P=0.006 and 0.018]. The area under the ROC curve was 0.749 (P=0.021, 95%CI: 0.539-0.953) which implied that FeNO provided medium power for discrimination of ELBWI/VLBWI with BPD from those without, with a sensitivity of 72.7% and specificity of 75.0% at the cut-off value of 11.55 ppb.ConclusionsFeNO and NO production in BPD infants are significantly higher than non-BPD infants. Measurement of FeNO for ELBWI/VLBWI through mask before discharge is a simple, safe and invasive procedure to objectively evaluate pulmonary function early after birth.

Objective: To provide an efficeut protocol for constructing recombinant adenovirus, an in vitro ligation was used instead of homologous recombination. Methods: Gene BMP-2 was ligated into pShuttle 2 vector ( pShuttle 2-BMP-2 ) and then fragment containing BMP-2 gene and promoter pcmvie excised by PI-SCe Ⅰ and Ⅰ-Ceu Ⅰ endonuclease. The fragment was further combined with adenovirus vector (Adeno-X-BMP-2) , which was finally linearized with Pac Ⅰ and trans-fered to HEK293 to package adenovirus particles. Results: Both PCR assay and restiction analysis showed that the recombined rectors pShuttle2-BMP-2 and Adeno-X-BMP-2 contains the target BMP-2 gene. THe packaged adenovirus was also i-dentified by PCR assay with specific primers for BMP-2. Conclusions: The BMP-2 incorporated recombinant adenovirus was obtained and this laid a foundation for further study on BMP-2 mediated gene therapy. The in vitro ligation method de-scinbed here for constructing recombined adenovirus was more efficient than traditional homologous recombination.