Objective To summarize countermeasures on common problems of microendoscopic discectomy(MED). Methods Microendoscopic discectomy was performed in 104 cases of lumbar disc herniation by using the MED system(Sofamor Danek Group,USA).Frequently encountered problems during the operation were reviewed and summarized. Results Conversions to open surgery were required in 4 out of 104 cases due to bleeding or adherence.Among the rest of 100 cases,dural injury occurred in 3 cases,with 1 case accompanying leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.Of the 100 cases(115 intervertebral spaces),the average operation time was 50 min(range,30~90 min) and the average hemorrhage amount was 80 ml(range,20~400 ml) for each intervertebral space.The 100 cases were followed for 3~32 months(average,18 months).According to the Macnab criteria,the curative effects were classified as excellent in 65 cases,good in 29 cases,and fair in 6,the rate of excellent or good effects being 94.0%(94/100). Conclusions The most frequent problems during MED are bleeding and prolonged excision of the ligamenta flava.Strict adherence to technique,acquaintance with the weakness of the ligamenta flava,and familiarity with anatomic structures of the vertebral vein system and its relationship with abdominal pressure,are very important in the prevention and treatments of surgical complications.

Under the background that the job division and complication of the laboratory instrument are highly improved, It puts forward the new demand for the use and maintenance of the laboratory instrument. Nowadays, for the lack of training, Many staff in medical laboratory can not correctly use and maintain the instrument in their rotation to various departments. The problems are solved by the following ways: making an appropriate staff rotation plan, ensuring all operations were carried out strictly according to the instrument guide book, establishing the holder appointment system and individual responsibility system, ensuring the reports were sent out by the new rotating personnel independently only after strict training and qualified examination. Through these methods, the accuracy of the equipment and the quality of testing have greatly increased.

The application of network and multimedia technology in combination with bilingual teaching in orthopedics is explored which not only promotes the use of multimedia technology in teaching,but also enhances students' understanding ability for professional knowledge.Moreover,it can enhance students' learning interest in medical English and medical knowledge,thus promoting education effectively.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of MMP-3 in knee joint synovium of different stage in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Methods MMP-3 protein were detected by immunohistochemical method in knee synovial tissues from 90 OA patients (the OA group) and OA group was divided into 3 subgroups according to Kellgren and LawrenceX-ray diagnosing standards: the gradeⅠ(n = 30), gradeⅡ (n = 30) and grade Ⅲ subgroups (n = 30). 30 patients were enrolled as control group. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of MMP-3 protein in the tissue. Results The expression level of MMP-3 protein in OA group was significantly higher that in the normal synovium (P < 0.05). There existed significant difference in the expression of MMP-3 protein between the grade Ⅲ subgroup and the gradeⅠ, or Ⅱsubgroups (P < 0.05). The expression of MMP-3 protein related positively to the severity of OA (r = 0.912, P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression of MMP-3 protein related closely to the pathogenic mechanism of OA. It may serve as an important indicator of early diagnosis and the activity of OA.

AIM:To investigate the effects of Xinkang recipe on myocardial miR-25-3p expression and sarco-plasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a ( SERCA2a) activity in heart failure rats .METHODS:Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group , sham group , model group , Xinkang recipe group ( Xinkang group ) , and captopril group .The heart failure rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin .Distilled water , Xinkang recipe and capto-pril were administrated by gastric gavage for 35 d, respectively .The indexes of cardiac function and plasma level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured.The SERCA2a activity was determined by the inorganic phosphorus method . The myocardial protein expression of SERCA 2a and phospholamban ( PLB) was detected by Western blot .The myocardial expression of miR-25-3p was detected by stem-loop RT-qPCR.RESULTS:Cardiac output (CO), left ventricular fraction-al shortening ( LVFS) and left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) in Xinkang group and captopril group were significantly higher while the plasma levels of BNP were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.01).The myocardial ex-pression levels of miR-25-3p in Xinkang group and captopril group were significantly lower while the myocardial protein le -vels of SERCA2a and PLB were significantly higher than those in model group (P<0.01).The SERCA2a/PLB ratio and SERCA2a activity in Xinkang group were significantly higher than those in model group (P<0.05), and no significant change was observed between captopril group and model group .CONCLUSION:Xinkang recipe therapy may improve car-diac function in heart failure rats , which may be related to inhibiting the expression of miR-25-3p, increasing the SER-CA2a/PLB ratio and enhancing SERCA 2a activity in the myocardium .

Objective: To observe the effect of bisoprolol on cardiac function in heart failure (HF) rats and to explore the mechanism. Methods: The experimental rats were divided into 6 groups: Control group, with normal healthy rats, Sham group, the rats received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline; chronic heart failure (CHF) model was successfully established in 40 rats and divided into 4 groups: CHF group, CHF+bisoprolol (Bis) group, CHF+captopril (Cap) group and CHF+Bis and Cap group.n=10 in each group. The cardiac function was observed among different groups; plasma BNP level was measured by ELISA, myocardial miR-25-3p expression was examined by RT-PCR, protein expressions of SERCA2a and phospholamban (PLB) were detected by Western blot analysis and SERCA2a activity was determined by inorganic phosphorus method. Results: Compared with Control group, CHF group showed decreased cardiac output (CO), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), reduced expression of cardiac SERCA2a, PLB, the ratio of SERCA2a/PLB and SERCA2a activity; while increased plasma BNP and miR-25-3p expression, allP<0.01. Compared with CHF group, CHF+Bis, CHF+Cap and CHF+Bis and Cap groups had increased CO, LVFS, LVEF, elevated expression of cardiac SERCA2a, PLB, the ratio of SERCA2a/PLB and SERCA2a activity; while decreased plasma BNP and miR-25-3p expression, allP<0.05.Conclusion: Bisoprolol could improve cardiac function in HF rats, which might be related to down regulating myocardial miR-25-3p expression, up regulating myocardial protein expressions of SERCA2a, PLB and enhancing SERCA2a activity.

Objective To investigate the effects of bisoprolol on myocardial SERCA2a activity in rats with heart fail-ure.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (control group), sham operation group ( sham group ) , model group , bisoprolol group ( Bis group ) , captopril group ( Cap group ) and bisoprolol plus captopril group[(Bis+Cap)group], heart failure rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin .Distilled water, bisoprolol, captopril or bisoprolol plus captopril were administrated by gastrogavage for 35 days, respectively. Indices of cardiac function and plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide ( BNP) were measured , myocardial expres-sion of miR-25-3p was detected by Stem-loop RT-qPCR, myocardial levels of SERCA2a and phospholamban (PLB) were detected by Western blot , myocardial SERCA2a activity was determined by the inorganic phosphorus method . Results Cardiac function in model group decreased significantly while plasma levels of BNP were significantly higher than those of control group ( P<0.01 ) .Myocardial expression of miR-25-3p in model group was significantly higher while myocardial levels of SERCA 2a and PLB,SERCA2a activity were significantly lower than those of con-trol group(P<0.01).Cardiac function in Bis group , Cap group and Bis +Cap group improved significantly while plasma levels of BNP were significantly lower than those of model group ( P<0.01 ) .Myocardial expression of miR-25-3p in Bis group, Cap group and Bis +Cap group were significantly lower while myocardial levels of SERCA2a and PLB were significantly higher than those in model group (P<0.01).The SERCA2a/PLB ratio and SERCA2a activity in Bis group and Bis +Cap group were significantly higher than those of model group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclu-sions Bisoprolol therapy improves cardiac function in rats with heart failure , which may be related to inhibition of myocardial miR-25-3p, increasing myocardial SERCA2a and PLB levels, enhancing SERCA2a activity.

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of reported emergency public health events at schools from 2006 to 2013, and provide a scientific basis for better disposal of school-related events. Methods The reported emergency public health events at schools in Tianjin from 2006 to 2013 were collected, and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on data. Results A total of 267 reported emergency public health events at school in Tianjin during 2006-2013, of which 257 infectious disease events, accounting for 96.25%. The incident occurred in primary schools and nurseries. The peak was from March to June and October to December for the incident. The top three species of disease onset were influenza (2 360 cases), chicken pox (2 032 cases) and mumps (1 813 cases). There was a correlation between the duration and interval from onset of the first case to report of emergency public health events(rs=0.522,P＜0.05). Conclusion In recent years, school public health emergency events are high momentum, mainly in rural areas, primary schools and nurseries. Timely detection and disposal of emergency public health events can reduce the harm generated by them.

Paroxysmalnocturnalhemoglobinuria(PNH)isadefectdiseaseofacquiredclonal hematopoietic stem cel s. It can be expressed as hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, and venous thrombosis. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare but serious complication of PNH. Here we report a PNH patient with CVST and reviewthe relevant literature. For patients who have the risk factors for CVST and neurological symptoms, such as headache and increased intracranial pressure, should early conduct brain imaging examination and make the diagnosis clear, and give an active treatment in the aspects of anticoagulation, dehydration, eliminating the causes of disease, and controling complications.